Question 1

Eight-year-old Justine lies, is easily distracted, and destroys her classmates' things. According to the ______ model, her externalizing problems are likely to ______ her academic achievement.

Accepted Answer

The adjustment-erosion model suggests that behavioral problems (such as lying, being easily distracted, and destroying property) can lead to poorer social interactions with peers and teachers. This, in turn, can undermine a child's academic achievement by eroding the quality of these important relationships and reducing learning opportunities.

Question 2

Patricia Kerig's (1998) investigation into how middle childhood children reacted to marital conflict found that child's appraisal had what kind of link between exposure to conflict and the child's adjustment?

Accepted Answer

Kerig's investigation found that a child's appraisal of marital conflict acted as a moderating factor, meaning it influenced the degree or direction of the relationship between exposure to conflict and the child's adjustment. This suggests that how a child perceives and understands the conflict can change the impact that the conflict has on them.

Question 3

In which of the following cases would opting for a divorce be beneficial for the children?

Accepted Answer

In cases where a child is being maltreated by one of the parents, opting for a divorce can be beneficial for the child's safety and well-being. It removes the child from an abusive environment, potentially leading to a more stable and nurturing upbringing.

Question 4

Samuel makes an effort to present teachable moments to his 7-year-old daughter, Angela. At the park, he notices a plastic bottle on the ground and teaches Angela the value in keeping the park clean by picking up the bottle and putting it in the recycle bin. Samuel is helping to socialize his daughter in which of the following domains?

Accepted Answer

Samuel is engaging in guided learning by actively teaching Angela about the importance of recycling and cleanliness, showing her how to apply these values in a real-world context.

Question 5

When asked about her day at school, Kate discloses to her mom that Sarah, a girl in the grade above her, was calling her rude names. Kate's mom immediately reports this to the school administrators, however, the principal rejects the notion that this qualifies as bullying since ______.

Accepted Answer

Bullying typically involves repeated actions or behavior towards someone, and the principal might not consider a single instance as qualifying under the school's definition of bullying.

Question 6

Parents engage in a constellation of behaviors to promote school success through academic socialization. Which of the following forms of parental involvement correlate to greater academic success?

Accepted Answer

Spending more time helping with homework directly supports the child's learning process and understanding of school material, which can lead to greater academic success.

Question 7

In an investigation into electronic screen time and its effect on preteen children, fMRIs showed that screen time was related to lower functional connectivity in the brain, while ______ was related to more connectivity in several parts of the brain.

Accepted Answer

Reading is associated with more connectivity in several parts of the brain, as it engages various cognitive processes including comprehension, visualization, and critical thinking, which can stimulate and strengthen neural connections.

Question 8

Termed e-discipline, parents of middle childhood children limit access to screens as a form of discipline in almost 65% of girls and ______ of boys.

Accepted Answer

The statistic provided indicates that e-discipline is used for 75% of boys, similar to the 65% for girls, reflecting a common disciplinary approach among parents for managing screen time.

Question 9

According to an ESPN study, the five most popular organized sports for 11-year-old youth are (in order from most to least popular) ______.

Accepted Answer

The question asks for the five most popular organized sports for 11-year-old youth in order from most to least popular. Choice A lists the sports in the correct order, with basketball being the most popular and volleyball being the least popular.

Question 10

Parents Jack and Jana are adamant about enrolling their child in a basketball league as soon as she is eligible. Which of the following is a likely consideration of the parents?

Accepted Answer

Parents might consider the opportunity for a college scholarship as a significant benefit of enrolling their child in a basketball league, as sports scholarships can provide financial assistance for higher education.

Question 11

Siblings Ryan and Justin frequently get into fights. Their parents believe that the cause of this is simply that they are young and lack the maturity or social skills to get along in such close proximity. Their parents' explanation would be categorized as using a social interaction perspective.

Accepted Answer

The parents are attributing the siblings' fights to their lack of social skills and maturity, which falls under the social interaction perspective by focusing on how individuals relate to one another and the skills they use in social situations.

Question 12

Elissa, an elementary school child, is asked to write an essay to nominate their mother or father for the Parent of the Year award. In the essay, she describes said parent with phrases such as is "helps with my homework" and "buys me things." Elissa most likely has nominated her father for the award.

Accepted Answer

Elissa's essay focuses on actions (helping with homework, buying things) that could be attributed to either a mother or a father, making it impossible to determine the parent's gender based on the given information.

Question 13

Parenting at later ages is mostly dependent on how well parents are able to punish their children.

Accepted Answer

Parenting at later ages is more about the overall relationship, communication, understanding, and support between parents and children, rather than solely on punishment strategies.

Question 14

SMU is running a study comparing child behavior problems across different countries. If their study aligns with previous research results, the researchers are likely to find that while the types of problems are similar, the total number of problems will differ.

Accepted Answer

Previous research often shows that while the types of behavioral problems in children can be consistent across different cultures (e.g., aggression, disobedience, anxiety), the prevalence or total number of these problems can vary significantly due to cultural, socioeconomic, and environmental differences.

Question 15

Siblings Taylor and Kyle overhear their parents fighting about Taylor's poor academic performance. Since Kyle is not the topic of conflict, he is likely to maintain feeling secure in his well-being and unaffected by the fight.

Accepted Answer

Witnessing parental conflict, even if not the direct subject of it, can negatively affect children's sense of security and well-being, as it creates a stressful environment that impacts all family members.

Question 16

Children are surprisingly resilient. There is no clear relationship between the number of parental separations/divorces in childhood and negative partner relations later in life.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that experiencing parental separation or divorce during childhood can have long-term effects on individuals, potentially leading to difficulties in forming or maintaining romantic relationships in adulthood. This is due to various factors, including trust issues, fear of commitment, and patterns of conflict learned during childhood.

Question 17

According to statistics, one in four middle school children across the globe will experience bullying.

Accepted Answer

Statistics from various global studies indicate that approximately one in four middle school children experience bullying, highlighting the prevalence of this issue in schools worldwide.

Question 18

Familiarity with letters and numbers is more important of a predictor of school success than a child's self-regulation.

Accepted Answer

Self-regulation, which includes the ability to control impulses, manage emotions, and maintain focus and attention, is a stronger predictor of school success than early familiarity with letters and numbers. This is because self-regulation skills are crucial for learning, social interactions, and adapting to the structured environment of a classroom.

Question 19

The American Academy of Pediatrics advised that televisions in middle childhood children's bedrooms is permissible so long as the parents monitor and structure their child's viewing activity.

Accepted Answer

The American Academy of Pediatrics advises against placing televisions in children's bedrooms, citing concerns about sleep disturbances and the potential for unsupervised viewing of inappropriate content.

Question 20

Twins Roger and Ryan are starting the sixth grade. Roger decides to join the volleyball team, while Ryan does not. One could assume that Roger likely has a decreased incidence of problems.

Accepted Answer

Roger's decision to join the volleyball team suggests that he is physically active and involved in extracurricular activities, which are generally associated with a decreased incidence of problems.

Quiz 9: Parenting During the Middle Childhood Years

Eight-year-old Justine lies, is easily distracted, and destroys her classmates' things. According to the model, her externalizing problems are likely to her academic achievement.