Question 1

Which of the following theories propose that people will engage in many activities simply because of pure enjoyment or intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Self-determination theory focuses on intrinsic motivation, proposing that people engage in activities for the inherent satisfaction and enjoyment they bring, rather than for some separable outcome.

Question 2

Which of the following refers to the belief in the role of others in aiding achievement of desired outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Proxy efficacy refers to the belief in the ability of others to help one achieve desired outcomes. It emphasizes reliance on the capabilities of others rather than one's own personal or collective abilities.

Question 3

Which of the following theories propose people adopting a new behaviour move through a series of stages of change within which they utilize different processes to support the changes?

Accepted Answer

The Transtheoretical Model, also known as the Stages of Change Model, suggests that individuals go through a series of stages when changing behavior, utilizing different strategies or processes at each stage to facilitate change.

Question 4

An example of the use of an extended TPB is the study by Abraham and Sheeran (2004). This found that anticipated ______ accounted for an additional proportion of the variance in exercise intentions besides the core TPB variables.

Accepted Answer

Abraham and Sheeran (2004) extended the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by including anticipated regret, which accounted for an additional proportion of the variance in exercise intentions beyond the core TPB variables of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control.

Question 5

In an extensive review of over 100 studies, Hausenblas and Fallon (2006) concluded that ______.

Accepted Answer

Hausenblas and Fallon (2006) concluded that exercise participation was associated with a more positively perceived body image, indicating that individuals who engage in exercise tend to have a more positive view of their body image.

Question 6

Based on findings from Coakley and White's (1992) interviews with young people from London, which of the following were identified as factors that explain young people's decisions about participation in sporting activities?

Accepted Answer

Coakley and White's (1992) research identified multiple factors influencing young people's decisions about sports participation, including future considerations, personal competence and autonomy, and constraints like money and social relationships.

Question 7

Which of the following approaches was adopted in Sullivan's (2008) study to challenge environmental hazards in low-income communities in Texas?

Accepted Answer

Sullivan (2008) adopted the Theatre of the Oppressed as an innovative approach to engage and empower low-income communities in Texas to challenge environmental hazards. This method uses theatrical techniques as a form of activism and education, allowing participants to explore, show, and analyze their circumstances and then act to change them.

Question 8

Clinic-based physical activity programmes are largely focused at the individual level. They ignore the ______ and the social meaning of exercise and physical activity.

Accepted Answer

Clinic-based physical activity programmes often overlook the broader social context in which exercise and physical activity occur, including the influence of community, social norms, and the environment on an individual's ability to engage in physical activity.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

All the statements provided are true. A) highlights a common trend where exercise participation decreases during adolescence, particularly among girls. B) notes that in adulthood, exercise participation is lower among females, individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, and those from ethnic minority groups. C) acknowledges that the significance and engagement in exercise can vary depending on social contexts, such as cultural norms and socioeconomic status.

Quiz 13: Physical Activity and Exercise