Question 1

If Chris was in a good mood and came across an elderly women who needed assistance, you would predict that he would be less likely to help so that he could maintain his good mood.

Accepted Answer

This statement goes against the "feel good, do good" phenomenon which suggests that being in a good mood increases the likelihood of helping others. Therefore, Chris would be more likely to help the elderly woman in this situation.

Question 2

Noticing a need for help is the first step in Darley and Latane's decision model of bystander intervention.

Accepted Answer

Darley and Latane's decision model of bystander intervention consists of five steps: (1) noticing a need for help, (2) interpreting the situation as an emergency, (3) assuming personal responsibility, (4) deciding on a form of assistance, and (5) implementing the decision. Noticing a need for help is the first step in this model.

Question 3

If a neighbor's child misses the school bus and you offer to drive him to school because you feel a sense of duty to make sure he reaches school safely,then you are likely helping based on
norm of reciprocity.

Accepted Answer

The norm of reciprocity involves returning a favor or action. In this scenario, you are helping out of a sense of duty or responsibility, not because you expect a favor in return. This is more aligned with the concept of altruism or social responsibility.

Question 4

Behavior that is driven by selfish motives is known as egoistic.

Accepted Answer

Egoistic behavior is driven by self-interest or personal gain.

Question 5

If Peter decides to lend his friend Todd money so that in the future Todd will be more likely to return the favor,then Peter is relying on the social responsibility norm.

Accepted Answer

Peter is relying on the principle of reciprocity, which suggests that if he does something for Todd, Todd will feel obligated to return the favor in the future. The social responsibility norm refers to an expectation that people will help those who are dependent upon them or in need, without the expectation of direct reciprocation.

Question 6

Research suggests that learning about the bystander effect will have what effect on people's willingness to help?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that learning about the bystander effect can increase people's willingness to help in group situations. This is because people become more aware of the diffusion of responsibility that occurs in group situations and are more likely to take action as a result.

Question 7

In an emergency situation,you would want less people to be present because you would be more likely to receive help from any one individual.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as the bystander effect, where individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present. The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will help.

Question 8

The saying "there is no safety in numbers" reflects the concept of the bystander effect.

Accepted Answer

The bystander effect is a social psychological phenomenon in which individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present. The saying "there is no safety in numbers" can reflect this concept, as the presence of more people does not necessarily mean someone is more likely to get help.

Question 9

If you want to teach your children to engage in helping behavior throughout their lives,you could do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Modeling helping behavior is the best choice because children learn a lot from observing others, especially their parents or caregivers. Seeing people they admire help others can make them more likely to do so as well. Providing rewards or punishments can also motivate them to help, but it may not encourage an internal motivation to help others in the long run. Punishing them for not helping can also create negative attitudes towards helping behavior.

Question 10

When Ilene weighs the personal costs of donating time at a charity event (e.g.,giving up her weekend)to personal benefits (e.g.,feeling good about herself), she is engaging in decision-making process known as cost-benefit analysis.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately describes the process of cost-benefit analysis.

Question 11

Research suggests that we are more likely to offer assistance to people when we view their circumstances as something out of their control as opposed to something they might have 'caused' themselves.In other words,helping behavior is related to:

Accepted Answer

The question is asking about what influences helping behavior, and research shows that the attributions we make for behavior (whether we see someone's circumstances as in or out of their control) can impact whether we offer assistance. Choices A, C, and D are all related to helping behavior in different ways but do not directly address the question being asked.

Question 12

Learning about the bystander effect is one way to increase helping behavior in group situations.

Accepted Answer

By learning about the bystander effect, individuals are more likely to recognize the phenomenon and take action to overcome it, leading to increased helping behavior in group situations.

Question 13

According to information presented in your text,which of the following would be considered a more effective way to increase helping behavior?

Accepted Answer

Providing models of prosocial behavior has been found to be a more effective way to increase helping behavior. This is because people tend to imitate the behaviors they observe in others, especially when they see those behaviors being rewarded or when the models are perceived as similar to themselves. Reminding people of how good they will feel if they help others can be an effective motivator, but it is not as powerful as providing actual models of prosocial behavior. Requiring people to help can be effective in certain situations, but it can also backfire and lead to resentment and resistance. Providing monetary rewards for helping can also backfire, as it can make people feel like they are only helping because of the reward and not because they genuinely want to.

Question 14

You are finalizing plans for your friend's big birthday bash.Another friend offers to help pay for the party because as she tells you,she is 'much more financially sound and has access to fun party venues that you cannot possibly afford.'In this circumstance you would likely:

Accepted Answer

The friend's offer, while potentially well-intentioned, is framed in a way that could be perceived as patronizing, implying that the help is needed because you cannot afford a good party on your own. This could naturally lead to feelings of humiliation.

Question 15

The negative state relief model argues that true altruism is a product of empathy and empathy then creates nurturing feelings towards a target.

Accepted Answer

The negative state relief model suggests that people help others to alleviate their own negative moods or distress, not necessarily because of empathy or nurturing feelings towards the target.

Question 16

Men are more likely than women to help in nurturing ways such as providing emotional support.

Accepted Answer

This statement is invalid and based on a gender stereotype. Studies have shown that both men and women are capable of providing emotional support and nurturing in their own ways, regardless of their gender. Gender should not be used to generalize a person's ability to nurture or show emotional support.

Question 17

A good way for Sarah to increase her son's prosocial behavior is to engage in lots of volunteer opportunities to act as a model for how one should behave towards others.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that parental modeling is an effective way to promote prosocial behavior in children. By volunteering and demonstrating kindness, empathy, and cooperation towards others, Sarah can teach her son to do the same. It is also important to provide positive reinforcement and praise when the child engages in prosocial behavior to encourage them to continue doing so.

Question 18

Based on the concept of kin selection,you would be more likely to help your sister than a close friend.

Accepted Answer

Kin selection theory suggests that individuals are more likely to help their genetic relatives as they share common genes, which increases the likelihood of passing on their genes to future generations. Therefore, you are likely to prioritize helping your sister who shares more genetic material with you than a close friend.

Question 19

Research suggests that you will be more likely to receive help if you are considered attractive.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that people are more likely to offer help or assistance to those who they perceive as attractive. This is known as the "halo effect," where physical attractiveness can influence people's judgments and behavior towards others. However, it is important to note that attractiveness is not the only factor that can influence whether someone receives help or not. Other factors such as gender, race, and socio-economic status can also play a role.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the traits associated with an altruistic personality?

Accepted Answer

While empathy, low egocentrism, and an internal locus of control are traits commonly associated with an altruistic personality, having high self-esteem is not necessarily a defining trait. In fact, individuals with low self-esteem may be more likely to engage in altruistic behavior as a means of boosting their own self-worth.

Quiz 13: Prosocial Behavior: Why We Help and Why We Don’t