Question 1

Who are most likely to conform with opinions/behaviours of the majority?

Accepted Answer

Individuals low in self-esteem, of low status, in highly cohesive groups, or with no supporters are all more likely to conform to the majority due to social pressure, desire for acceptance, or fear of isolation.

Question 2

Social validation refers to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social validation refers to:
...

Question 3

Studies investigating the effect of group size have shown that generally:

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that conformity pressure increases with group size, but this effect plateaus when the group reaches about three to six people, beyond which additional members have little impact.

Question 4

Who are the least likely to conform with opinions/behaviours of the majority?

Accepted Answer

Individuals in non-cohesive groups are least likely to conform because the lack of group unity and pressure reduces the influence of the majority on individual behavior.

Question 5

Increasing the size of the group from __________ to __________ is likely to produce the greatest increase in conformity.

Accepted Answer

Conformity tends to increase significantly when a group grows from a very small size, such as 2, to a slightly larger size, such as 6, due to the increased social pressure and influence. Beyond a certain point, additional increases in group size have diminishing effects on conformity.

Question 6

People are more influenced by the expected negative consequences of non-conformity than by the expected positive consequences of conformity. Which theory best explains this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Deviance regulation theory suggests that people are motivated to avoid negative consequences associated with non-conformity, rather than seeking positive outcomes from conformity.

Question 7

You are in charge of designing a program to get people to cover their mouths when they cough. According to deviance regulation theory, you would be most successful by stressing the irresponsibility of people who fail to cover up when:

Accepted Answer

Deviance regulation theory suggests that people are motivated to avoid being seen as deviant. If the norm is to cover up, highlighting the irresponsibility of not doing so will motivate people to conform to the norm to avoid being seen as deviant.

Question 8

According to Latané's social impact theory, there are several factors that determine when a person will be influenced by others. They include:

Accepted Answer

Latané's social impact theory suggests that the likelihood of a person being influenced by others depends on the strength, immediacy, and number of people exerting the influence.

Question 9

Which of the following is not listed in the text as one of the reasons why people conform?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not listed...

Question 10

Stallen et al (2012) suggest, on the basis of their research that a certain brain chemical may facilitate conforming behavior. Which of the following is that chemical?

Accepted Answer

Stallen et al (2012) suggest that oxytocin may facilitate conforming behavior based on their research findings.

Question 11

According to the dual processing model of conformity, there are two motivations to conform. They are:

Accepted Answer

The dual processing model of conformity suggests that people conform due to two main motivations: normative influence, which is the desire to fit in and be liked by others, and informational influence, which is the desire to be correct and to understand the right way to act in a given situation.

Question 12

When Perrin and Spencer (1981) placed their participants in an Asch-type situation, very few of them conformed. In contrast with Asch's participants in the USA, these people did not conform because they did not want to look 'weak, ridiculous, stupid'. Where did these participants live?

Accepted Answer

Perrin and Spencer conducted their study in the United Kingdom, where cultural and social factors may have influenced the participants' lower levels of conformity compared to Asch's original study in the USA.

Question 13

According to the text, what is most critical for the opinion of the minority to influence the majority?

Accepted Answer

Consistency in the minority's view is crucial, but it should not be extreme, as both factors together help influence the majority.

Question 14

Minority influences are more likely to be effective if the minority is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Minority influences are more likely to be...

Question 15

Research on the manner in which a minority presents its views indicates that the minority is most effective if it is:

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that a minority is most effective when it is consistent on major points (A) and flexible rather than rigid (B), as this combination helps in persuading the majority by showing commitment while also being open to dialogue.

Question 16

Research has shown that minority opinion that is stated with consistency and confidence will produce:

Accepted Answer

Minority opinions stated with consistency and confidence can lead to divergent thinking, which involves exploring multiple perspectives and ideas.

Question 17

In the experiment by Buehler and Griffin (1994) where participants were required to decide whether the white police officer or a black teenager driving a stolen car were responsible for the officer shooting the teenager,:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the experiment by Buehler and Griffin...

Question 18

There is evidence that majority influence most often leads to changes in:

Accepted Answer

Majority influence typically leads to changes in overt behavior as individuals conform to group norms to fit in, even if their private opinions or attitudes remain unchanged.

Question 19

With regard to compliance, a person:

Accepted Answer

Compliance involves going along with a request, typically from someone who does not have authority over the person.

Question 20

The foot-in-the-door technique involves:

Accepted Answer

The foot-in-the-door technique involves making a small request first to increase the likelihood of compliance with a larger request later.

Quiz 6: Social Influence