Question 1

In a random sample of 2000 children aged 10 to 16 years, Boney-McCoy and Finkelhor (1995) found that 7.6 per cent had been sexually victimized during the previous year. What estimate has been documented in this research?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a random sample of 2000 children...

Question 2

A nationally representative survey found that sexual assault victimization rates were approximately how many times higher for females than for males.

Accepted Answer

Sexual assault victimization rates are approximately five times higher for females than for males, according to nationally representative surveys.

Question 3

Why do incidence estimates, which are based on official records, likely underestimate the number of sexual assaults and the percentage of the population who experience unwanted sexual contact?

Accepted Answer

Many sexual assaults go unreported due to various reasons such as fear of retaliation, shame, or distrust in the legal system, leading to underestimation of their prevalence when relying solely on official records.

Question 4

What percentage of Canadian female university students reported that a male attempted to use emotional manipulation to get them to engage in sexual activity at some point in their past?

Accepted Answer

70 per cent of Canadian female university students reported that a male attempted to use emotional manipulation to get them to engage in sexual activity at some point in their past.

Question 5

What percentage of Canadian male university students admitted to having had sex with a non-consensual partner?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of Canadian male university students...

Question 6

Incidence rates for sexual assault are likely inaccurate for which of the following reasons?

Accepted Answer

Sexual assault is often underreported due to stigma, fear of not being believed, or personal trauma, leading to inaccurate incidence rates.

Question 7

Which is true about how sex traffickers view Canada?

Accepted Answer

Canada is seen as an appealing destination for sex traffickers due to its relatively low minimum sentences for sex trafficking offenses, making it less risky for traffickers compared to countries with harsher penalties.

Question 8

According to rape trauma syndrome, which of the following would be a common action of someone in the acute phase?

Accepted Answer

Excusing the perpetrator is a common action of someone in the acute phase of rape trauma syndrome.

Question 9

Which of the following women is likely in the reorganization phase following a sexual assault?

Accepted Answer

The reorganization phase following a sexual assault is characterized by the survivor starting to rebuild their life and make significant changes, such as moving to a new city, which is what Danica has decided to do.

Question 10

Approximately what percentage of sexual assault victims have persistent emotional difficulties more than five years after the assault?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that approximately 33% of sexual assault victims experience persistent emotional difficulties more than five years after the assault.

Question 11

Although research has demonstrated that the majority of victims recover from the trauma of sexual assault within five years, nearly one third of victims have substantial difficulty that persists years beyond the acute aftermath of the incident. A significant number develop an anxiety disorder that involves persistent and chronic psychological symptoms, such as flashbacks, nightmares, avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma, hyperarousal, and anxiety. What is this condition known as?

Accepted Answer

The condition described is Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), characterized by persistent and chronic psychological symptoms including flashbacks, nightmares, avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma, hyperarousal, and anxiety, following a traumatic event such as sexual assault.

Question 12

Katrina was the victim of a rape incident during her first year of university. She graduated over three years ago. She still has nightmares about the incident and often lies awake at night. Which of the following does Katrina suffer from?

Accepted Answer

Katrina's symptoms, including nightmares and difficulty sleeping, are indicative of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a condition that can follow traumatic events like rape. PTSD can persist for years after the event.

Question 13

Several of your classmates and you get into a discussion about the long-term effects of sexual assault. One of your classmates asks you about the possibility of any positive outcomes, or post-traumatic growth, that could come out of a victim's response to rape. For example, a victim may choose to spend more time with loved ones after the assault. What could you say to counter this argument?

Accepted Answer

Each of the options provided (A, B, and C) offers a valid counterargument to the notion that there can be positive outcomes or post-traumatic growth following a sexual assault. They highlight the complexity of the victim's response and recovery process, emphasizing that perceived positive changes might not outweigh the trauma's negative impacts.

Question 14

Your best friend has confided in you that she just found out her sister was the victim of sexual abuse from her boyfriend of a year. Your friend feels guilty that she didn't recognize the signs beforehand so that she could help her sister get out of the relationship sooner, and she blames herself. What advice can you give your friend?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your best friend has confided in you...

Question 15

The most common treatment for survivors of sexual assault seeking professional help is cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). Which of the following is a component of CBT?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for survivors of sexual assault often includes various components tailored to address the specific symptoms and needs of the individual. Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), Prolonged Exposure (PE), and Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) are all components or techniques that can be utilized within the broader framework of CBT to help individuals process and cope with their trauma.

Question 16

Which exposure-based treatment for sexual assault involves psychotherapy to alleviate trauma-related symptoms and associated distressing memories through exposure to stimuli of traumatic events while simultaneously focusing on dual attention stimulus (e.g., hand-tapping)?

Accepted Answer

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a psychotherapy treatment designed to alleviate the distress associated with traumatic memories, such as those from sexual assault. It involves the patient focusing on trauma-related imagery, thoughts, and emotions while simultaneously receiving bilateral stimulation, such as side-to-side eye movements or hand tapping, which is thought to work by facilitating the processing of traumatic memories.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a likely method of treatment for sexual assault victims?

Accepted Answer

Physical therapy is generally not a direct treatment method for sexual assault victims, as it focuses on the physical body rather than addressing the psychological trauma and mental health issues that are typically the primary concerns following sexual assault. Cognitive processing therapy, stress inoculation training, and prolonged exposure are all psychological therapies aimed at helping individuals cope with and recover from trauma.

Question 18

Which of the following is often characterized by insomnia, depression, flashbacks, and nightmares?

Accepted Answer

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that's triggered by a terrifying event, either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event, which can lead to insomnia and depression.

Question 19

Which common psychotherapeutic intervention for sexual assault victims involves identifying a hierarchy of individually feared stimuli associated with assault (e.g., the dark, strangers)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which common psychotherapeutic intervention for sexual assault...

Question 20

Which common psychotherapeutic intervention for sexual assault victims involves having the victim imagine themselves experiencing the assault again while they repeatedly retell the story of what happened?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged exposure therapy involves having the victim repeatedly relive the traumatic event (in this case, a sexual assault) by imagining it and talking about it, to help reduce the power of the trauma memories and decrease the associated distress.

Quiz 17: Sexual Assault and Harassment