Question 1

In the 1960s and 1970s, _______ stressed how the periphery, or Global South, was actively underdeveloped by policies and decisions that promoted the growth in wealth of the core Western countries and of elites in the periphery.

Accepted Answer

Dependency theorists argued that the economic conditions of the Global South were not merely underdeveloped but were actively made worse by the policies and decisions of the wealthier Western countries and the local elites in those poorer countries. They emphasized the exploitative relationships between the core (developed countries) and the periphery (developing countries).

Question 2

The orthodox and alternative evaluations of the causes of poverty are based on _______ and they are _______.

Accepted Answer

The orthodox and alternative evaluations of poverty stem from different foundational values and perspectives, leading them to measure and interpret poverty in varied ways.

Question 3

What regime or institution promotes economic growth through trade liberalization coupled with pro-poor growth and poverty reduction policies?

Accepted Answer

The Post-Washington Consensus emphasizes the importance of state intervention in markets to ensure more equitable growth, poverty reduction, and the mitigation of market failures, which includes a focus on trade liberalization coupled with policies aimed at pro-poor growth.

Question 4

What term describes the idea that development must meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs?

Accepted Answer

Sustainable development is the concept that seeks to balance meeting current needs without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their needs, emphasizing environmental, economic, and social sustainability.

Question 5

The UN's Brundtland Commission proposed which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The UN's Brundtland Commission is best known for formally introducing the concept of sustainable development in its 1987 report titled "Our Common Future."

Question 6

Which country is considered a "new globalizer"?

Accepted Answer

Mexico is considered a "new globalizer" due to its significant integration into the global economy through trade liberalization, export-led growth, and active participation in international trade agreements.

Question 7

Grassroots movements play an important role in challenging entrenched structures of power in

Accepted Answer

The answer of Grassroots movements play an important role in...

Question 8

In 1994, the World Bank came up with its "Operational Policy 4.20," which concerns

Accepted Answer

The World Bank's "Operational Policy 4.20" concerns gender disparities.

Question 9

It is estimated that _______ people around the world did not have enough food in 2015.

Accepted Answer

In 2015, it is estimated that approximately 815 million people globally were undernourished or did not have enough food, according to reports from the United Nations and the Food and Agriculture Organization.

Question 10

Cash crop production in the developing world is increasingly replacing

Accepted Answer

Cash crop production in the developing world is increasingly replacing local subsistence food production as farmers prioritize crops for export over those for local consumption to meet international demand and improve their economic situation.

Question 11

Which writer first proposed a relationship between human population growth and the food supply?

Accepted Answer

Thomas Malthus first proposed the relationship between human population growth and the food supply in his work "An Essay on the Principle of Population" published in 1798, where he argued that population growth would always outstrip increases in food production, leading to inevitable famine and hardship unless checked by moral restraint or disaster.

Question 12

According to the text, when the human population goes beyond the Earth's _______, disaster is inevitable.

Accepted Answer

The correct term is "carrying capacity," which refers to the maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and other necessities available in the environment. Going beyond this capacity leads to environmental degradation and potential disaster for the population.

Question 13

Amartya Sen, in Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation, concludes that hunger is not due to there not being enough to eat; rather, it is because of

Accepted Answer

Amartya Sen argues that hunger is primarily due to people not having enough to eat, which is a result of how food is distributed and how entitlements are managed, rather than an absolute scarcity of food.

Question 14

The global human population has _______ since the 1800s.

Accepted Answer

The global human population has quintupled since the 1800s, growing from approximately 1 billion people at the start of the 19th century to over 7.8 billion today.

Question 15

According to the text, the factor that determines whether a person experiences chronic hunger is not the availability of food but the ability to

Accepted Answer

The key factor determining whether a person experiences chronic hunger is their ability to establish an entitlement to food, which means having the economic means or rights to access or acquire food, rather than the mere availability of food itself.

Question 16

According to Sen, those least able to procure food entitlements are

Accepted Answer

Sen's entitlement approach to famines emphasizes that those most vulnerable to food insecurity include groups such as landless laborers and pastoralists, who have limited means or entitlements to procure food.

Question 17

A food system based upon entitlements causes those who lack the _______ to procure food to go hungry.

Accepted Answer

A food system based on entitlements means that access to food is determined by one's ability to purchase it, making "purchasing power" the correct answer.

Question 18

In developing countries there is/are generally no _______ to ensure people are able to obtain food.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In developing countries there is/are generally no...

Question 19

Which type of actor has the largest role in the global food regime?

Accepted Answer

Transnational corporations have the largest role in the global food regime due to their significant influence over the production, distribution, and sale of food products worldwide. They control a major portion of the food supply chain, from agriculture to retail, impacting global food policies, market trends, and consumer preferences.

Question 20

What state/organization has been the most active in the creation of the global food regime?

Accepted Answer

The United States has been the most active in the creation of the global food regime, significantly influencing agricultural policies, trade agreements, and food aid programs worldwide.

Quiz 9: Poverty, Development, and Hunger