In a Classic Study (Seligman & Maier, 1967), Dogs Learned

In a classic study (Seligman & Maier, 1967) , dogs learned that a certain tone predicted a shock from the floor. At first, all dogs were harnessed in place and could not move. However, half of the dogs could stop the shock by pressing a panel with their noses ("press") ; the other half got the same number and duration of shocks, but could not stop them ("yoked") . Later, all dogs were freed from the harness, and could jump to another room to escape the shock when they heard the tone. Which of the following best describes the results?

A) None of the dogs learned to escape to the next room, because they were all used to being in the harness.
B) The "press" dogs never learned to escape, because they kept trying to turn off the shock with their nose; "yoked" dogs learned to escape quickly.
C) The "press" dogs learned quickly to escape to the next room, but the "yoked" dogs never attempted to escape.
D) Once released from the harness, all of the dogs spent all of their time in the escape room.