Question 1

Which of the following statements about life span theories is true?

Accepted Answer

Life span theories are often understood to represent "normal" human growth.

Question 2

According to Erikson, an adolescent aged 12-18 is in which psychosocial stage?

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development posits that adolescents aged 12-18 are in the "identity vs. role confusion" stage. During this period, teenagers work on developing a sense of self and personal identity, which they achieve by exploring various roles and ideas. Successful navigation of this stage leads to a strong sense of identity, while failure results in role confusion and a weak sense of self.

Question 3

According to Erikson, an adult who is in his/her late 40s is in which of the following psychosocial stage?

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development posits that an adult in their late 40s is typically in the "generativity vs. stagnation" stage. This stage focuses on adults' need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, contributing to the betterment of society through raising children, being productive at work, and being involved in community activities and organizations. Failure to achieve these objectives can lead to feelings of stagnation and unproductiveness.

Question 4

According to Erikson, in which stage do children begin to assume important responsibility for self-care, such as eliminating feces and urine?

Accepted Answer

In Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the stage of autonomy vs. shame and doubt occurs roughly between the ages of 18 months to 3 years. During this stage, children begin to assert their independence, including taking responsibility for self-care activities like toilet training. This is when they start to develop a sense of autonomy if encouraged, or feelings of shame and doubt if overly criticized or controlled.

Question 5

According to Erikson, in which stage do children master locomotion skills and are ready to take initiative in their learning and behavior?

Accepted Answer

Erikson's stage of initiative vs. guilt typically occurs between the ages of 3 and 6 years. During this stage, children begin to assert their power and control over the world through directing play and other social interactions. This is when they start to master locomotion skills and take initiative in learning and behavior.

Question 6

A student enjoys watering class plants, collecting and distributing materials for teacher, and keeping records of forms for teacher. Which stage is this student in according to Erikson?

Accepted Answer

The student is demonstrating behaviors that align with the industry vs. inferiority stage, where children develop a sense of competence and productivity through tasks and responsibilities.

Question 7

An older adult may find it necessary to reflect and analyze what they have accumulated throughout life and decide what offspring will receive from them upon death. Which stage is this person in according to Erikson?

Accepted Answer

This stage is "integrity vs. despair," which typically occurs in late adulthood. During this stage, individuals reflect on their life and accomplishments. They may also prepare for passing on their legacy, including deciding what their offspring will inherit.

Question 8

An adult is concerned about the future of the environment and equality for all people. Which stage is he/she in according to Erikson?

Accepted Answer

Generativity vs. stagnation is the stage in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development where adults express concern for the future and a desire to contribute to the well-being of the next generation, which aligns with concerns about the environment and equality.

Question 9

According to life course perspectives, the idea that people born in a specific year are members of a birth cohort with a particular historical experience and range of life opportunities that depend on geographic location is referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

The concept of "historical and geographical location" in life course perspectives refers to the idea that individuals born in the same year share a birth cohort, experiencing unique historical events and life opportunities influenced by their geographic location.

Question 10

______ examines how lives change as intergenerational relationships and social roles change.

Accepted Answer

Social embeddedness examines how lives change as intergenerational relationships and social roles evolve, focusing on the interconnectedness of individuals within their social contexts.

Question 11

The process by which people plan and make choices to control their lives is referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

Agency and personal control refer to the process by which individuals exert power over their own lives, making decisions and choices that influence their circumstances and future. This concept emphasizes the role of personal action and decision-making in shaping one's life.

Question 12

______ is often described as a stage of development involving individuals' exploration regarding work, love and worldviews.

Accepted Answer

Emerging adulthood is a phase of the life span between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood which encompasses late adolescence and early adulthood, typically ages 18 to 25. During this stage, individuals explore various aspects of their lives, including work, love, and their beliefs about the world.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true about the concept of emerging adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Emerging adulthood is a phase of life between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood, typically ranging from ages 18 to 25, where individuals have the opportunity to explore various life directions and roles independently.

Question 14

The ______ theory focuses on the process of moving from black self-hatred to an affirmation of a black identity.

Accepted Answer

The Nigrescence theory, developed by William Cross, specifically addresses the process of evolving a black identity, moving from self-hatred to the affirmation and acceptance of one's blackness.

Question 15

According to Cross's theory, the ______ stage of identity development describes the importance of race to the development of a Black person's identity

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Cross's theory, the ______ stage...

Question 16

According to Cross's theory, during the ______ stage of identity development, Black people may start questioning their beliefs about race in American society.

Accepted Answer

During the encounter stage of Cross's theory of identity development, Black individuals begin to question their beliefs about race in American society, often triggered by a significant event or experience that challenges their previous understanding.

Question 17

According to Cross's theory, which of the following stage is characterized as an emotionally volatile transition from an old racial identity into a new one?

Accepted Answer

The immersion-emersion stage in Cross's theory is characterized by an emotionally volatile transition as individuals move from an old racial identity to a new one, often involving intense exploration and immersion in their racial or ethnic culture.

Question 18

According to Cross's theory, at which stage is a black person likely to develop a Black Nationalist identity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Cross's theory, at which stage...

Question 19

Which of the following statements about Chenault is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about Chenault...

Question 20

______ can be understood as a sustained series of events enacted by an invading power on another culture, which facilitates and perpetuates the development of a worldview or ideology that supports oppression and unjust social structures.

Accepted Answer

Colonialism is characterized by the establishment, exploitation, maintenance, acquisition, and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. It involves a process of control by one power over a dependent area or people, where the invading power enacts a series of events that lead to the development of an ideology supporting oppression and unjust social structures.

Quiz 8: Life Span Theories, Family Life Course Theories, and Historical Trauma