Question 1

What is the primary function of the round window of the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

The round window serves to relieve pressure within the cochlea, which is generated when the oval window moves. This allows for the proper displacement and movement of the cochlear fluids, facilitating the transmission and interpretation of sound waves into nerve impulses.

Question 2

Hair cell depolarization in the inner ear is normally the result of

Accepted Answer

Hair cell depolarization in the inner ear is primarily caused by the deflection of their stereocilia due to fluid movement within the cochlea, which is induced by sound waves entering the ear.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT true regarding human audition?

Accepted Answer

Hair cells in the human auditory system are depolarized by the mechanical movement of their stereocilia, not by GPCR receptors similar to opsins or odorant receptor molecules. This mechanical movement is caused by the vibration of the basilar membrane in response to sound waves.

Question 4

After going to a concert, your hearing is muffled. What process may have been involved?

Accepted Answer

The muffled hearing after a concert is likely due to a protective mechanism where the muscles that control the movement of the ossicles in the middle ear increase in tension. This action helps to dampen the transmission of loud sounds to the inner ear, protecting it from potential damage.

Question 5

Some antibiotics interfere with the proper production and maintenance of the endolymph. These are said to be ototoxic. What would you suspect would be the result?

Accepted Answer

Ototoxic antibiotics can damage hair cells by interfering with the production and maintenance of the endolymph, which is essential for hair cell function. This can lead to a decrease in hair cell function due to changes in the Nernst potentials of ionic species.

Question 6

Analyze figure 6.24. In the text Outline the evidence that there are mechanically-gated ion channels in stereocilia that are responsible for sensory transduction in the cochlea.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Analyze figure 6.24. In the text Outline...

Question 7

Compared to you, a grandparent would be more likely to

Accepted Answer

As people age, they often experience presbycusis, which is a type of sensorineural hearing loss. This condition primarily affects the ability to hear high-frequency sounds, making it more difficult for older adults, such as grandparents, to detect these sounds compared to younger individuals.

Question 8

You are studying a cell, and find that an action potential crosses the cells body and continues along the axon. This cell is most likely a

Accepted Answer

Spiral ganglion cells are involved in the transmission of auditory information from the cochlea to the brain and are capable of generating action potentials that travel along their axons. Hair cells and photoreceptors, on the other hand, do not generate action potentials; they release neurotransmitters in response to stimuli.

Question 9

Consider the auditory system. Place the following structures in order based on the sequence that they are involved in auditory transduction.
____ cochlea
____ oval window
____ stapes
____ malleus
____ pinna
____ tympanic membrane

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the auditory system. Place the following...

Question 10

Analyze figure 6.25. In the text What if NBQX had NOT caused the disappearance of EPSCs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Analyze figure 6.25. In the text What...

Question 11

Contrast sensory transduction in hair cells with sensory transduction in olfaction. Which of the following is a true statement?

Accepted Answer

In hair cells, the ion responsible for depolarization is potassium (K+), not sodium (Na+), as it is in many other sensory systems including olfaction. While repolarization in many cells involves the active pumping of cations out of the cell, the mechanisms and specific ions involved can differ between systems. In hair cells, potassium flows into the cell due to a unique electrochemical gradient, whereas in olfactory cells, the initial ion movement involves sodium and other ions, not potassium flowing in and then out as the primary event.

Question 12

Adjacent regions of the cochlea detect similar frequencies. This is an example of a ________________ map in the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adjacent regions of the cochlea detect similar...

Question 13

You have learned about somatotopic, tonotopic, and chemotopic mapping in the brain. Compose a short description of these ideas, and tell how these organizational schemes are similar and different from each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have learned about somatotopic, tonotopic, and...

Question 14

Analyze figure b6.2.In the text If one electrode in a cochlear implant malfunctions and continuously stimulates the cochlea at varying intensities, what will be the result?

Accepted Answer

The cochlea translates different frequencies of sound into signals that the brain can understand. If an electrode malfunctions and stimulates the cochlea at varying intensities, it would affect the loudness of the perceived sound, leading to the wearer hearing a tone that varies in volume. Frequency perception is related to which part of the cochlea is stimulated, not the intensity of the stimulation.

Question 15

Adaptation to sensory stimuli is a feature of many sensory systems, and is evident in the way that the eyes adapt to dark rooms or how the ears adapt to loud sounds. Why is it beneficial for an organism to be able to adapt to extremes of stimuli intensity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adaptation to sensory stimuli is a feature...

Question 16

Adaptation to sensory stimuli is a feature of many sensory systems, and is evident in the way that the eyes adapt to dark rooms or how the ears adapt to loud sounds. Why is it beneficial for an organism to be able to adapt to extremes of stimuli intensity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adaptation to sensory stimuli is a feature...

Question 17

Imagine you are a scientist studying creatures that live in caves. Propose what types of sensory modalities that would be advantageous for animals that live in caves or similar environments and justify your answer. What types of senses would not be needed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine you are a scientist studying creatures...

Question 18

Give 5 examples of sensory modalities that other organisms possess that humans do not.
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give 5 examples of sensory modalities that...

Question 19

The text describes experiments where blind individuals receive sensory stimuli on their tongue that reflects their visual environment. Can you think of other types of sensory modalities that might be advantageous to represent as somatosensory stimuli? What types of abilities might you be able to confer on humans that were previously not possible?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text describes experiments where blind individuals...

Question 20

The text discusses "labeled lines" as an organizational scheme within the nervous system. Re-write the definition of a labeled line in your own words.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text discusses "labeled lines" as an...

Quiz 6: Sensors I: Remote Sensing

What is the primary function of the round window of the cochlea?

Hair cell depolarization in the inner ear is normally the result of

Which of the following is NOT true regarding human audition?

After going to a concert, your hearing is muffled. What process may have been involved?

Some antibiotics interfere with the proper production and maintenance of the endolymph. These are said to be ototoxic. What would you suspect would be the result?

Analyze figure 6.24. In the text Outline the evidence that there are mechanically-gated ion channels in stereocilia that are responsible for sensory transduction in the cochlea.

Compared to you, a grandparent would be more likely to

You are studying a cell, and find that an action potential crosses the cells body and continues along the axon. This cell is most likely a

Consider the auditory system. Place the following structures in order based on the sequence that they are involved in auditory transduction. cochlea oval window stapes malleus pinna tympanic membrane

Analyze figure 6.25. In the text What if NBQX had NOT caused the disappearance of EPSCs?

Contrast sensory transduction in hair cells with sensory transduction in olfaction. Which of the following is a true statement?

Adjacent regions of the cochlea detect similar frequencies. This is an example of a ________________ map in the nervous system.

You have learned about somatotopic, tonotopic, and chemotopic mapping in the brain. Compose a short description of these ideas, and tell how these organizational schemes are similar and different from each other.

Analyze figure b6.2.In the text If one electrode in a cochlear implant malfunctions and continuously stimulates the cochlea at varying intensities, what will be the result?

Adaptation to sensory stimuli is a feature of many sensory systems, and is evident in the way that the eyes adapt to dark rooms or how the ears adapt to loud sounds. Why is it beneficial for an organism to be able to adapt to extremes of stimuli intensity?

Adaptation to sensory stimuli is a feature of many sensory systems, and is evident in the way that the eyes adapt to dark rooms or how the ears adapt to loud sounds. Why is it beneficial for an organism to be able to adapt to extremes of stimuli intensity?

Imagine you are a scientist studying creatures that live in caves. Propose what types of sensory modalities that would be advantageous for animals that live in caves or similar environments and justify your answer. What types of senses would not be needed?

Give 5 examples of sensory modalities that other organisms possess that humans do not. _________ _ _ _ _________

The text discusses "labeled lines" as an organizational scheme within the nervous system. Re-write the definition of a labeled line in your own words.

Quiz 6: Sensors I: Remote Sensing

What is the primary function of the round window of the cochlea?

Hair cell depolarization in the inner ear is normally the result of

Which of the following is NOT true regarding human audition?

After going to a concert, your hearing is muffled. What process may have been involved?

Some antibiotics interfere with the proper production and maintenance of the endolymph. These are said to be ototoxic. What would you suspect would be the result?

Analyze figure 6.24. In the text Outline the evidence that there are mechanically-gated ion channels in stereocilia that are responsible for sensory transduction in the cochlea.

Compared to you, a grandparent would be more likely to

You are studying a cell, and find that an action potential crosses the cells body and continues along the axon. This cell is most likely a

Consider the auditory system. Place the following structures in order based on the sequence that they are involved in auditory transduction. ____ cochlea ____ oval window ____ stapes ____ malleus ____ pinna ____ tympanic membrane

Analyze figure 6.25. In the text What if NBQX had NOT caused the disappearance of EPSCs?

Contrast sensory transduction in hair cells with sensory transduction in olfaction. Which of the following is a true statement?

Adjacent regions of the cochlea detect similar frequencies. This is an example of a ________________ map in the nervous system.

You have learned about somatotopic, tonotopic, and chemotopic mapping in the brain. Compose a short description of these ideas, and tell how these organizational schemes are similar and different from each other.

Analyze figure b6.2.In the text If one electrode in a cochlear implant malfunctions and continuously stimulates the cochlea at varying intensities, what will be the result?

Adaptation to sensory stimuli is a feature of many sensory systems, and is evident in the way that the eyes adapt to dark rooms or how the ears adapt to loud sounds. Why is it beneficial for an organism to be able to adapt to extremes of stimuli intensity?

Adaptation to sensory stimuli is a feature of many sensory systems, and is evident in the way that the eyes adapt to dark rooms or how the ears adapt to loud sounds. Why is it beneficial for an organism to be able to adapt to extremes of stimuli intensity?

Imagine you are a scientist studying creatures that live in caves. Propose what types of sensory modalities that would be advantageous for animals that live in caves or similar environments and justify your answer. What types of senses would not be needed?

Give 5 examples of sensory modalities that other organisms possess that humans do not. _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________

The text discusses "labeled lines" as an organizational scheme within the nervous system. Re-write the definition of a labeled line in your own words.

Consider the auditory system. Place the following structures in order based on the sequence that they are involved in auditory transduction. cochlea oval window stapes malleus pinna tympanic membrane

Give 5 examples of sensory modalities that other organisms possess that humans do not. _________ _ _ _ _________