According to Akers, differential association with persons who hold definitions favorable to violations of the law have four essential elements. These elements are:

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Akers' social learning theory posits that the process of learning criminal behavior by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involves four main elements: priority (when the relationships occur), duration (how long they last), frequency (how often the interactions happen), and intensity (the significance of the relationships).

According to Akers, Differential Association with Persons Who Hold Definitions