Question 1

Jay uses social referencing when he is confused.Social referencing is a clear sign of the distinctly independent nature of emotions.

Accepted Answer

[independent should be interactive]

Question 2

Nineteen-month old infants show unique behaviors when they are shown highly realistic photos of common objects;they swipe at a photo of a toy car as if to pick it up or put their mouth on the picture of a baby bottle as if to drink from it.

Accepted Answer

[Nineteen should be nine]

Question 3

Visual perspective taking develops in four phases.

Accepted Answer

[four should be two]

Question 4

When Laura thinks back on her year,she is reviewing her memory for specific events from her own life.This type of memory is known as a personal memory.

Accepted Answer

[Personal should be Autobiographical]

Question 5

A script refers to an organized scheme or framework for commonly experienced events.

Accepted Answer

A script is a prearranged plan or framework used in specific situations, such as customer service, sales, or presentations, to ensure a consistent and professional approach.

Question 6

Following the gaze of an adult can lead to episodes of joint attention,those moments of shared mutual interaction that have been identified as so important to early learning.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Joint attention occurs when two people share attention on the same object or event, and it is an important precursor to language development and social communication skills. Following the gaze of an adult can help facilitate these moments of joint attention.

Question 7

The results of the "sticky mitten" experiment indicate that the infant's own experience with being able to retrieve objects may be an important element in their beginning to understand intentionality in others.

Accepted Answer

The "sticky mitten" experiment showed that when infants wore mittens that stuck to objects, they became frustrated when they were unable to retrieve the objects. This frustration was a sign that infants recognized the object's intended destination and links their ability to retrieve objects to their understanding of others' intentions. Therefore, infants' own experience with retrieving objects may be a crucial factor in their development of understanding others' intentions.

Question 8

False belief refers to the child's mistaken understanding that a naïve or uninformed observer has the same information (and thus the same beliefs)as the child.

Accepted Answer

False belief refers to the child's mistaken understanding that a naïve or uninformed observer has the same information (and thus the same beliefs)as the child.

Question 9

Ryan has the ability to understand that a symbol or model can stand for a real-life event.This is known as cognitive insight.

Accepted Answer

[Cognitive should be Representational]

Question 10

In the Woodward study,infants showed greater looking times to the "new object" scenario,indicating that they found the change in target,as opposed to the change in location,to represent something new.

Accepted Answer

The statement is correct as per the findings of the Woodward study. Infants had greater looking times to the "new object" scenario, which implies that they perceived a change in the target object as something new.

Question 11

Realism is awareness of the concept of mental states,both one's own and those of others.

Accepted Answer

[Realism should be Theory of mind]

Question 12

In most communities,adults provide scaffolding for children to begin engaging in mature activities,a process that researchers label guided participation.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Guided participation refers to the process where adults provide support and guidance to children as they engage in more complex activities, helping them develop important skills and knowledge. This scaffolding is an important way in which children learn and grow within their communities.

Question 13

Level 3 perspective taking appears in three and four year olds and continues to be refined for several years thereafter.

Accepted Answer

[Level 3 should be Level 2]

Question 14

Improvements in children's ability to use maps may require an interesting intersection of two kinds of skills: understanding spatial relations and appreciating the intentions of the creators of maps.

Accepted Answer

Improvements in children's ability to use maps will indeed require the development of both spatial relations and an appreciation for the intentions of the map's creators.

Question 15

Referential communication is communication in situations that require the child to describe an object to a listener or evaluate the effectiveness of a message.

Accepted Answer

Referential communication involves describing and referring to objects or events to communicate with others. It can involve evaluating the effectiveness of messages as well. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 16

Intersubjectivity involves a teaching/learning relationship that uses the expert or tutor who intervenes as required and gradually withdraws as assistance becomes unnecessary.

Accepted Answer

[Intersubjectivity should be Scaffolding]

Question 17

Social referencing refers to looking to another individual for emotional cues in interpreting a strange or ambiguous event.

Accepted Answer

Social referencing is the act of seeking emotional cues from others to interpret a situation that is unfamiliar or unclear.

Question 18

By the time they are one year old,children have a solid understanding of the categories of living versus nonliving things.

Accepted Answer

[one year old should be three and four years old]

Question 19

Understanding the ways in which images are created,the messages communicated by different design elements,and an appreciation for the fact that representations can help one's thinking and problem solving are all aspects of what is called core representation.

Accepted Answer

[Core representation should be meta-representation]

Question 20

Jasmine possesses social cognition.Social cognition refers to thinking processes and representations that are relevant to the social world.

Accepted Answer

Social cognition refers to the cognitive processes involved in understanding, interpreting, and responding to social information, which is relevant to the social world. As Jasmine possesses social cognition, she is capable of thinking about and understanding social situations and interactions.

Quiz 9: Social Cognition

Jay uses social referencing when he is confused.Social referencing is a clear sign of the distinctly independent nature of emotions.

Nineteen-month old infants show unique behaviors when they are shown highly realistic photos of common objects;they swipe at a photo of a toy car as if to pick it up or put their mouth on the picture of a baby bottle as if to drink from it.

Visual perspective taking develops in four phases.

When Laura thinks back on her year,she is reviewing her memory for specific events from her own life.This type of memory is known as a personal memory.

A script refers to an organized scheme or framework for commonly experienced events.

Following the gaze of an adult can lead to episodes of joint attention,those moments of shared mutual interaction that have been identified as so important to early learning.

The results of the "sticky mitten" experiment indicate that the infant's own experience with being able to retrieve objects may be an important element in their beginning to understand intentionality in others.

False belief refers to the child's mistaken understanding that a naïve or uninformed observer has the same information (and thus the same beliefs)as the child.

Ryan has the ability to understand that a symbol or model can stand for a real-life event.This is known as cognitive insight.

In the Woodward study,infants showed greater looking times to the "new object" scenario,indicating that they found the change in target,as opposed to the change in location,to represent something new.

Realism is awareness of the concept of mental states,both one's own and those of others.

In most communities,adults provide scaffolding for children to begin engaging in mature activities,a process that researchers label guided participation.

Level 3 perspective taking appears in three and four year olds and continues to be refined for several years thereafter.

Improvements in children's ability to use maps may require an interesting intersection of two kinds of skills: understanding spatial relations and appreciating the intentions of the creators of maps.

Referential communication is communication in situations that require the child to describe an object to a listener or evaluate the effectiveness of a message.

Intersubjectivity involves a teaching/learning relationship that uses the expert or tutor who intervenes as required and gradually withdraws as assistance becomes unnecessary.

Social referencing refers to looking to another individual for emotional cues in interpreting a strange or ambiguous event.

By the time they are one year old,children have a solid understanding of the categories of living versus nonliving things.

Understanding the ways in which images are created,the messages communicated by different design elements,and an appreciation for the fact that representations can help one's thinking and problem solving are all aspects of what is called core representation.

Jasmine possesses social cognition.Social cognition refers to thinking processes and representations that are relevant to the social world.