Question 1

In making moral judgements, males tend to focus on _____________
A)justice
B)responsibility
C)equity
D)caring

Accepted Answer

Males are often associated with a justice orientation, focusing on fairness, rights, and rules when making moral judgments.

Question 2

Reliance on friends is greatest during the __________ stage of adulthood.
A)married without children
B)parental
C)romantically uncommitted
D)expecting children

Accepted Answer

During the romantically uncommitted stage of adulthood, individuals often rely more on friends for social support and companionship as they may not have a romantic partner to fulfill these roles.

Question 3

When asked to recall a recent moral dilemna(Walker, de Vries & Trevethen, 1987), women are more likely to …
A)recall an event involving relationships
B)recall an impersonal event
C)recall an event involving miscommunication
D)recall an event involving money

Accepted Answer

Women are more likely to recall an event involving relationships when asked to recall a recent moral dilemma. This finding aligns with research suggesting that women often prioritize interpersonal relationships in their moral reasoning.

Question 4

Within Western society there are significant changes in relationships over the lifespan. Which of the following is NOT typical of relationships at the age described?
A)Same-sex friends provide the main sources of support in middle adolescence.
B)Males experience romantic experiences as most supportive in late adolescence.
C)Parents are seen as the most frequent providers of emotional support in middle childhood.
D)Tension in parent-child relationships and sibling relationships peaks in late adolescence.

Accepted Answer

Tension in parent-child relationships and sibling relationships typically peaks in early adolescence, not late adolescence. During early adolescence, individuals begin to seek more independence, which can lead to conflicts with parents and siblings. By late adolescence, many have developed better coping mechanisms and communication skills, leading to a decrease in such tensions.

Question 5

Self-disclosure studies by Buhrmester(1996), showed that by age 15 …
A)children are more likely to reveal personal information to parents
B)children are less likely to understand their own motives
C)children are less likely to reveal personal information to parents
D)children are more likely to understand their own motives

Accepted Answer

By age 15, children are less likely to reveal personal information to their parents, reflecting a shift towards greater privacy and autonomy during adolescence.

Question 6

Tensions between parent and child peak in …
A)middle childhood and early adolescence
B)middle and late adolescence
C)early and middle childhood
D)early and middle adolescence

Accepted Answer

Tensions between parent and child typically peak in early and middle adolescence due to the developmental changes and push for independence that occur during this period.

Question 7

The quality of relationships in adolescence is influenced by ...
A)the quality of friends one associates with
B)the quality of attachment relations in infancy
C)the strength of one's support group
D)the quality of family relations in middle childhood

Accepted Answer

The quality of attachment relations in infancy is a strong predictor of the quality of relationships in adolescence.

Question 8

Which is most likely true of adolescent same-sex friendships?
A)Female-female friendships are better because of the support network they provide.
B)Male-male friendships are better because of the team work they foster.
C)Neither male-male nor female-female friendships are conducive to developing important life skills.
D)Both male-male and female-female friendships develop skills that are important for functioning as adults.

Accepted Answer

Both male-male and female-female friendships in adolescence play crucial roles in social development, providing opportunities to learn and practice skills vital for adult functioning, such as communication, empathy, and cooperation.

Question 9

Overall violent activities are consistently ________ with girls.
A)lower
B)higher
C)nonexistent
D)more personal

Accepted Answer

Overall, violent activities are consistently lower with girls compared to boys, reflecting general trends observed in studies on gender differences in aggression and violent behavior.

Question 10

Erel and Burman(1995) found that there was a strong link between the quality of marital relationships and the quality of the relationship that these adults had with their children. This has been referred to as the …
A)correlational hypothesis
B)generational hypothesis
C)spillover hypothesis
D)relationship hypothesis

Accepted Answer

Erel and Burman (1995) found evidence supporting the spillover hypothesis, which suggests that the emotions, attitudes, and behaviors in the marital relationship can transfer or 'spillover' into the parent-child relationship, affecting its quality.

Question 11

Adolescent girls in the US have more similar attitudes about __________ with their friends than boys.
A)social activities
B)school achievement
C)sexual behaviours
D)normative behaviours

Accepted Answer

Adolescent girls in the US have more similar attitudes about sexual behaviours with their friends than boys. This is because girls are more likely to talk to their friends about their sexual experiences and feelings, and they are more likely to seek advice and support from their friends about sexual matters.

Question 12

In middle adolescence, the main source of support is perceived to come from:
A)parents
B)teachers
C)siblings
D)friends

Accepted Answer

During middle adolescence, peers and friendships become increasingly important, and adolescents often perceive their main source of support to come from their friends rather than parents, teachers, or siblings. This shift reflects the adolescent's growing desire for independence and peer validation.

Question 13

The National Youth Survey data paint a depressing picture of the developmental precursors of violent crime. Which of the following is NOT suggested by the data from this survey?
A)Children begin with minor aggressive acts in the early school years and progress to serious offending by the age of 17.
B)The beginning of substance use and sexual activity add incrementally to the risk of aggressive behaviour during adolescence.
C)Minor forms of delinquent behaviour and alcohol use typically precede more serious forms of violence.
D)Self-reported aggressive behaviour increases between the ages of 18 and 25.

Accepted Answer

The National Youth Survey data suggest that the developmental precursors of violent crime often start early in life and escalate, but they do not indicate an increase in self-reported aggressive behavior between the ages of 18 and 25. Instead, the patterns described generally focus on the progression from minor to more serious offenses during earlier developmental stages.

Question 14

Of the following, who has argued that men and women focus on different dimensions of moral dilemmas?
A)Gilliberg
B)Kohlberg
C)Gilligan
D)Shweder

Accepted Answer

Carol Gilligan argued that men and women focus on different dimensions of moral dilemmas, with men emphasizing justice and women emphasizing care and relationships.

Question 15

Andrews, Brown and Creasey(1990) investigated the role of parenting in links between mental disorders in mothers and daughters. Which of the following statements concerning their study is NOT correct?
A)The mothers in the study were classified as middle class
B)Both mothers and daughters were interviewed.
C)One depressive episode(of less than one year) in mothers was not sufficient to increase the incidence of disorders in their daughters.
D)Early family experience was an important predictor of daughters' mental health.

Accepted Answer

The incorrect statement is that the mothers in the study were classified as middle class. The classification of participants' socioeconomic status is not specified in the statement about Andrews, Brown, and Creasey's study, making this choice incorrect in the context of the question.

Question 16

Which is NOT true of adolescent females?
A)They receive more support from romantic relationships than males.
B)They report a higher number of interactions with same-sex friends.
C)They show higher levels of self-disclosure.
D)They give and receive more emotional support throughout each day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is NOT true of adolescent females?
A)They...

Question 17

Adolescents' experience with family roles has a __________ effect on their views of family roles.
A)moderate
B)strong
C)fairly weak
D)negligible

Accepted Answer

Adolescents' experience with family roles has a strong effect on their views of family roles, as these experiences during formative years significantly shape their perceptions and expectations of family dynamics and responsibilities.

Question 18

According to Gilligan(1982), an ethic of caring when making moral judgements stems from:
A)thinking of people as separate beings
B)a view of the interconnectedness of people
C)thinking of all people as having value
D)viewing others as being equal in value to oneself

Accepted Answer

Gilligan's ethic of caring emphasizes the interconnectedness of people, suggesting that moral judgments are influenced by understanding and responding to the needs of others in a connected network, rather than viewing them as separate, autonomous entities.

Question 19

Amoung individuals, internalising tends to:
A)increase with age
B)decrease with age
C)decrease with further education
D)increase inversely to the number of friends one has

Accepted Answer

Internalizing tends to increase with age, as older individuals may become more introspective and may also face more life challenges that lead to internalizing behaviors.

Question 20

Male adolescents are less likely to(Benenson & Schinazi, 2004) …
A)desire achievement
B)have negative feelings when they achieve better than their friends
C)have positive feelings when they achieve better than their friends
D)resist efforts to achieve because of their friends

Accepted Answer

Male adolescents are more likely to have positive feelings when they outperform their friends, indicating a competitive nature rather than feeling negative about their achievements. This suggests that they are less likely to experience negative feelings when they achieve better than their friends, as they may view such achievements in a competitive light rather than a cooperative one.

Quiz 15: Social and Emotional Development in Adolescence

In making moral judgements, males tend to focus on _____________

Reliance on friends is greatest during the __________ stage of adulthood.

When asked to recall a recent moral dilemna(Walker, de Vries & Trevethen, 1987) , women are more likely to …

Within Western society there are significant changes in relationships over the lifespan. Which of the following is NOT typical of relationships at the age described?

Self-disclosure studies by Buhrmester(1996) , showed that by age 15 …

Tensions between parent and child peak in …

The quality of relationships in adolescence is influenced by ...

Which is most likely true of adolescent same-sex friendships?

Overall violent activities are consistently ________ with girls.

Erel and Burman(1995) found that there was a strong link between the quality of marital relationships and the quality of the relationship that these adults had with their children. This has been referred to as the …

Adolescent girls in the US have more similar attitudes about __________ with their friends than boys.

In middle adolescence, the main source of support is perceived to come from:

The National Youth Survey data paint a depressing picture of the developmental precursors of violent crime. Which of the following is NOT suggested by the data from this survey?

Of the following, who has argued that men and women focus on different dimensions of moral dilemmas?

Andrews, Brown and Creasey(1990) investigated the role of parenting in links between mental disorders in mothers and daughters. Which of the following statements concerning their study is NOT correct?

Which is NOT true of adolescent females?

Adolescents' experience with family roles has a __________ effect on their views of family roles.

According to Gilligan(1982) , an ethic of caring when making moral judgements stems from:

Amoung individuals, internalising tends to:

Male adolescents are less likely to(Benenson & Schinazi, 2004) …