Question 1

In the previous version of the DSM, ___________ were used to describe distinct disorders within the autism spectrum.
A) Asperger's disorder and childhood disintegrative disorder
B) Asperger's disorder and Tourette's syndrome
C) Tourette's syndrome and Rett's disorder
D) childhood disintegrative disorder and Tourette's syndrome

Accepted Answer

In the previous version of the DSM, Asperger's disorder and childhood disintegrative disorder were used to describe distinct disorders within the autism spectrum. These terms were dropped in the DSM-5, and all conditions are now diagnosed under the umbrella term Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Question 2

The number of reported cases of autism spectrum disorders has ______ in the past twenty years and _________ since 2007.
A) increased slightly; increased dramatically
B) increased slightly; decreased slightly
C) decreased slightly; increased slightly
D) increased dramatically; increased even more dramatically

Accepted Answer

The first blank suggests that there has been an increase in the reported cases of autism spectrum disorders over the past twenty years. Option A suggests that this increase has been slight. The second blank suggests that there has been a change in the rate of increase in reported cases since 2007. Option A again suggests that the increase since 2007 has been dramatic. Therefore, option A is the best choice. Note that option D is incorrect as it suggests that the rate of increase since 2007 has been even more dramatic than the increase over the past twenty years, which is not supported by the question stem.

Question 3

The term "autism" was introduced by ______.
A) Carl Jung
B) Emil Kraeplin
C) Ivor Lovaas
D) Eugen Bleuler

Accepted Answer

The term "autism" was first introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911 to describe a symptom of schizophrenia. It was later expanded by Leo Kanner in 1943 to describe a separate condition.

Question 4

Charlie is an eight-year-old who has not developed friends or relationships, is obsessed with dinosaurs, displays repetitive behaviors, but has normal speech abilities. Charlie is probably
Exhibiting signs of ______.
A) Asperger's disorder
B) Rett's disorder
C) Wilson's disorder
D) Tourette's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Charlie's symptoms are consistent with Asperger's disorder, which is characterized by difficulty with social interactions, restrictive and repetitive behaviors, and specific interests or obsessions. The fact that Charlie has normal speech abilities also points towards Asperger's rather than Rett's disorder, which is associated with significant language and motor impairments. Wilson's disorder and Tourette's syndrome are not commonly associated with the symptoms described for Charlie.

Question 5

A pervasive developmental disorder that involves the loss of previously acquired skills and abnormal functioning following a period of normal development during the first two years of
Life is ______.
A) Rett's disorder
B) Asperger's disorder
C) childhood disintegrative disorder
D) autism

Accepted Answer

Childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD) involves the loss of previously acquired skills and abnormal functioning following a period of normal development during the first two years of life. Rett's disorder primarily affects girls and involves a loss of skills as well, but it occurs after a period of normal development for the first 5-6 months of life. Asperger's disorder is a high-functioning form of autism that does not typically involve a loss of skills. Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder, but it does not necessarily involve a loss of skills.

Question 6

Walter is a 13-year-old boy who tortures animals, picks fights with smaller boys, underachieves in school, and talks about committing suicide. His behavior problems suggest
That he may have been ______.
A) adopted
B) physically abused or neglected
C) a victim of fragile X syndrome
D) brain damaged either before or during birth

Accepted Answer

The given behavior problems of Walter suggest that he may have experienced physical abuse or neglect in his childhood. These traumatic experiences can have lasting effects on a child's emotional and behavioral wellbeing.

Question 7

Autistic thinking is the tendency to ______.
A) engage in persistently obsessive thought patterns
B) see oneself as the center of the universe
C) see oneself as being "swallowed up" by the universe
D) engage in abstract thinking patterns that no one else can understand

Accepted Answer

Autistic thinking is characterized by egocentric thought patterns where an individual sees themselves as the center of the universe, often focusing on their own perspective and experiences.

Question 8

An autism spectrum disorder characterized by social deficits and stereotyped behavior but without the significant language or cognitive delays associated with autism is ______.
A) Rett's disorder
B) intellectual developmental disorder
C) Asperger's disorder
D) childhood disintegrative disorder

Accepted Answer

Asperger's disorder is an autism spectrum disorder characterized by social deficits and stereotyped behavior but without significant language or cognitive delays. Rett's disorder is a neurological disorder characterized by significant language and motor disabilities. Intellectual developmental disorder is a broad category that includes a wide range of intellectual disabilities, including those associated with autism. Childhood disintegrative disorder is a rare condition characterized by a severe regression in previously acquired skills.

Question 9

__________ is defined as a set of behaviors representing persistent deficits in communication and social interactions and restricted or fixated interests and repetitive behaviors.
A) A learning disorder
B) Disruptive behavior disorder
C) Autism spectrum disorder
D) Communication disorder

Accepted Answer

The description provided in the question refers to the diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A learning disorder and communication disorder may impact communication skills, but alone do not encompass the range of social and behavioral deficits associated with ASD. Disruptive behavior disorder typically involves patterns of defiance and aggression, which do not fit the description provided.

Question 10

The term "autism" derives from the Greek word meaning ______.
A) self
B) lost
C) inward
D) alone

Accepted Answer

The term "autism" comes from the Greek word "autos" meaning "self" or "self-contained." This reflects the characteristic features of autism, such as difficulty with social interaction and communication, repetitive behaviors, and a preference for predictable routines and solitary activities.

Question 11

Marty is in middle school. He is an intelligent boy with good language skills. He is fascinated with the local train schedule and likes to make sure that the train arrives and leaves on time
Every day. Marty does not like to play with other children and he has difficulty making eye
Contact with anyone. Marty has diagnostic features of ______.
A) Rett's disorder
B) childhood disintegrative disorder
C) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
D) Asperger's disorder

Accepted Answer

Marty's fascination with the train schedule and advanced language skills suggest a high level of functioning, ruling out Rett's disorder and childhood disintegrative disorder. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder does not fit his profile as he does not appear to have issues with hyperactivity or impulsivity. However, his difficulty with social interaction and eye contact suggest possible Asperger's disorder.

Question 12

Childhood disintegrative disorder is a ______ condition and occurs more commonly among ______.
A) common, males
B) common, females
C) rare, males
D) rare, females

Accepted Answer

Childhood disintegrative disorder is a rare condition, with an estimated prevalence of 1-2 cases per 100,000 individuals. It occurs more commonly among males than females, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 3:1.

Question 13

Autism is a ______ condition.
A) mild, short-term
B) severe, short-term
C) mild, lifelong
D) severe, lifelong

Accepted Answer

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication and social interaction skills, among other things. It is typically diagnosed in early childhood and is a lifelong condition. It can vary in severity, but it is generally considered a significant impairment in daily functioning for those affected by it. Therefore, the best choice is D, severe and lifelong.

Question 14

Each year, ______ children in the United States are abused or neglected.
A) 550,000
B) 1.5 million
C) 5.5 million
D) 10.5 million

Accepted Answer

According to the National Children's Alliance, approximately 1.5 million children in the United States are confirmed victims of abuse or neglect each year.

Question 15

Pat is two and a half years old. Although he has been developing normally, he is beginning to lose control of his bladder and bowels. Upon examination, his pediatrician finds no medical
Causes. By his third birthday, Pat's understanding of language begins to deteriorate and his
Social skills are becoming impaired. Pat has features of ______.
A) childhood disintegrative disorder
B) Rett's disorder
C) autism
D) Asperger's disorder

Accepted Answer

Pat's symptoms of normal development followed by loss of previously acquired skills, including language and social skills, suggest childhood disintegrative disorder. The loss of bladder and bowel control may also be a symptom of this disorder. Rett's disorder is characterized by normal development for the first few months of life, followed by regression in abilities, particularly in the areas of communication and motor skills. Autistic disorder and Asperger's disorder share symptoms of social impairment and difficulty with language and communication, but do not typically involve regression in skills.

Question 16

Children with autism seem to ______input from the outside world.
A) shut out any
B) under-respond to all
C) distort all
D) focus only on

Accepted Answer

Children with autism often have difficulty processing sensory input, and may shut out any input that is overwhelming or confusing to them.

Question 17

About 1 in ______ children in the United States suffer from an autism spectrum disorder.
A) 15
B) 50
C) 110
D) 300

Accepted Answer

According to recent statistics from the CDC, approximately 1 in 54 children in the United States is diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder, which is closest to option B (1 in 50).

Question 18

In 2013, researchers estimated that __________ percent of children in the United States have an autism spectrum disorder.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 5
D) 10

Accepted Answer

In 2013, researchers estimated that approximately 2 percent of children in the United States have an autism spectrum disorder. This estimate reflects an increase in the diagnosis rates over the years.

Question 19

Autism was first used to describe a characteristic of ______.
A) what we now refer to as antisocial personality disorder
B) social withdrawal, attributable to depression
C) schizophrenic thinking
D) the manic phase of bipolar disorder

Accepted Answer

The term "autism" was first used to describe a characteristic of schizophrenic thinking, specifically by Eugen Bleuler in the early 20th century, to denote a self-absorbed state or withdrawal from reality, a symptom he observed in patients with schizophrenia.

Question 20

In 1943, the phrase "early infantile autism" was first applied to a group of disturbed children by ______.
A) Ivar Lovaas
B) Leo Kanner
C) Fred Volkmar
D) Eugen Bleuler

Accepted Answer

Leo Kanner was the first to apply the phrase "early infantile autism" to a group of disturbed children in 1943. Ivar Lovaas is known for his work in behavior therapy for individuals with autism spectrum disorder, Fred Volkmar is a current researcher and clinician in the field, and Eugen Bleuler is known for his work in the field of schizophrenia.

Quiz 13: Abnormal Behavior in Childhood and Adolescence

In the previous version of the DSM, ___________ were used to describe distinct disorders within the autism spectrum.

The number of reported cases of autism spectrum disorders has in the past twenty years and ___ since 2007.

The term "autism" was introduced by ______.

Charlie is an eight-year-old who has not developed friends or relationships, is obsessed with dinosaurs, displays repetitive behaviors, but has normal speech abilities. Charlie is probably Exhibiting signs of ______.

A pervasive developmental disorder that involves the loss of previously acquired skills and abnormal functioning following a period of normal development during the first two years of Life is ______.

Walter is a 13-year-old boy who tortures animals, picks fights with smaller boys, underachieves in school, and talks about committing suicide. His behavior problems suggest That he may have been ______.

Autistic thinking is the tendency to ______.

An autism spectrum disorder characterized by social deficits and stereotyped behavior but without the significant language or cognitive delays associated with autism is ______.

__________ is defined as a set of behaviors representing persistent deficits in communication and social interactions and restricted or fixated interests and repetitive behaviors.

The term "autism" derives from the Greek word meaning ______.

Childhood disintegrative disorder is a condition and occurs more commonly among .

Autism is a ______ condition.

Each year, ______ children in the United States are abused or neglected.

Children with autism seem to ______input from the outside world.

About 1 in ______ children in the United States suffer from an autism spectrum disorder.

In 2013, researchers estimated that __________ percent of children in the United States have an autism spectrum disorder.

Autism was first used to describe a characteristic of ______.

In 1943, the phrase "early infantile autism" was first applied to a group of disturbed children by ______.