Question 1

MAO inhibitors interfere with the action of ______.

Accepted Answer

MAO inhibitors interfere with the action of monoamine oxidase.

Question 2

Electroconvulsive therapy is used to treat ______ in people who fail to respond to medication.

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment option for major depressive disorder when other treatments have failed. ECT involves inducing seizures through electrical stimulation of the brain while the patient is under general anesthesia. It is believed to work by increasing levels of neurotransmitters involved in mood regulation. ECT is not typically used as a first-line treatment due to potential side effects and the invasive nature of the treatment.

Question 3

Cognitive therapy, ______ behavioral therapy, entails a(n) ______ therapy format.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy, like behavioral therapy, often involves a brief therapy format, focusing on specific problems and goal-oriented treatment.

Question 4

Which of the following drugs (or drug groups) is used to treat depressive disorders?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following drugs (or drug...

Question 5

Cognitive psychologists focus on helping depressed patients ______.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychologists believe that negative and unrealistic thinking patterns contribute to depression. By helping patients identify and challenge these patterns, they can learn to think more realistically and positively, which can improve their mood and reduce symptoms of depression.

Question 6

The potential side effects of ______ include psychomotor retardation, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention, confusion, delirium, low blood pressure, and potentially
Suicidal overdoses because of high toxicity.

Accepted Answer

The potential side effects listed are classic side effects of tricyclic antidepressants. SSRIs do not usually cause psychomotor retardation or confusion, neuroleptics do not usually cause constipation or delirium, and while lithium can cause confusion and low blood pressure, it does not cause dry mouth or constipation.

Question 7

Tricyclic antidepressants work by interfering with the reuptake of ______.

Accepted Answer

Tricyclic antidepressants work by interfering with the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. By blocking the reuptake of these neurotransmitters, they increase the concentration of these chemicals in the brain, leading to an improvement in mood.

Question 8

Research has demonstrated that a combination of psychotherapy and antidepressant medication produced ______ outcomes for treatment of depression compared to either treatment alone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research has demonstrated that a combination of...

Question 9

Overall, about ______ percent of depressed patients treated on an outpatient basis respond favorably to either psychotherapy or antidepressant medication alone.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that approximately 50 to 70 percent of depressed patients treated on an outpatient basis respond favorably to either psychotherapy or antidepressant medication alone.

Question 10

Research indicates that in treating severe depression, ECT is ______.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that ECT is safe and effective in treating severe depression. While it may have some side-effects, the benefits of the treatment outweigh the risks for many patients.

Question 11

Significant side-effects of ______ include upset stomach, headaches, agitation, insomnia, lack of sexual drive, and impaired sexual responsiveness.

Accepted Answer

The side-effects listed are common with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as Prozac and Zoloft. MAO inhibitors and tricyclics also have significant side-effects, but the ones listed are more commonly associated with SSRIs. Lithium is a mood stabilizer and does not generally cause the same side-effects as the other options.

Question 12

The potential side effects of ______ include psychomotor retardation, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention, confusion, delirium, and cardiovascular complications.

Accepted Answer

MAO inhibitors can cause anticholinergic side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, and urinary retention, as well as cardiovascular complications and central nervous system effects like confusion and delirium.

Question 13

Adding ______ therapy to medication treatment may help reduce the risk of relapse in depressed patients after the medication is withdrawn.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in reducing the risk of relapse in depression by helping patients develop coping strategies and change negative thought patterns, which can sustain improvements after medication is withdrawn.

Question 14

Interpersonal psychodynamic therapy differs from traditional psychoanalysis in that it ______.

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal psychodynamic therapy differs from traditional psychoanalysis in that it focuses on current relationships, rather than solely exploring past experiences and childhood conflicts.

Question 15

Cognitive behavior therapy appears to be ______ antidepressant medications in treating depression.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) has been found to be as effective as antidepressant medications in treating depression, according to numerous studies. This means that for many individuals, CBT can be a viable alternative to medication, offering comparable benefits in managing symptoms of depression.

Question 16

Behavioral psychologists focus on helping depressed patients ______.

Accepted Answer

Behavioral psychologists focus on modifying observable behaviors, so they help depressed patients develop more effective social and interpersonal skills to improve their interactions and reduce depressive symptoms.

Question 17

Prozac relieves depression primarily by raising levels of ______ in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Prozac is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), meaning it increases the levels of serotonin in the brain by blocking its reuptake, leading to more serotonin being available to bind to postsynaptic receptors. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is important in regulating mood, appetite, and sleep.

Question 18

SSRIs are ______ toxic and have ______ side effects than MAO inhibitors and tricyclics.

Accepted Answer

SSRIs have fewer toxic effects and fewer side effects compared to MAO inhibitors and tricyclics.

Question 19

A biological approach to the treatment of mood disorders could involve which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a biological treatment for mood disorders that involves the application of electrical currents to the brain to induce a seizure. ECT has been found to be effective in treating severe depression, mania, and bipolar disorder. It is unclear exactly how ECT works, but it is believed to affect the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain. Cingulotomy and prefrontal lobotomy are surgical procedures that involve the removal of brain tissue and are not commonly used in the treatment of mood disorders today. Insulin therapy is a historical treatment for schizophrenia that is not used in the treatment of mood disorders.

Question 20

Interpersonal therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment for ______.

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal therapy (IPT) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of major depression. It focuses on improving relationships and communication with others, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression related to social isolation, interpersonal conflicts, and grief. IPT is not typically used as a primary treatment for bipolar disorders or cyclothymia.

Quiz 7: Mood Disorders and Suicide