Question 1

The study of perception is important because

Accepted Answer

The study of perception is important because we often assume that our perceptions reflect reality, which may not always be the case. It is important to understand how our own perceptions can be influenced by biases and to acknowledge that different people can have different perceptions of the same situation. This can lead to better communication and relationships. The other choices are not accurate or relevant to the importance of studying perception.

Question 2

_____ occurs when sense data is transmitted to the brain.

Accepted Answer

Perception is the process by which the brain processes and interprets sensory information received from the environment through the senses. Selection is the process by which certain sensory information is chosen for processing, while organization refers to the sorting and grouping of sensory information. Interpretation is the process by which meaning is assigned to the sensory information. Therefore, perception best describes the transmission of sense data to the brain.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not true of the self-concept?

Accepted Answer

The self-concept is not solely an individual phenomenon; it is influenced by social interactions and perceptions from others.

Question 4

Civility requires that we temper our desire for self-expression with

Accepted Answer

The answer of Civility requires that we temper our desire...

Question 5

_____ is the second stage of the perception process.

Accepted Answer

Organization is the second stage of the perception process, where the brain organizes the selected information into a coherent pattern or structure.

Question 6

Your ability to hear your name spoken in a conversation other people are having while you are engaged in your own conversation reflects the _____ aspect of perception.

Accepted Answer

Salience refers to the degree to which something stands out and catches our attention, which can include hearing our own name in a conversation while being engaged in another conversation. Vividness relates to the clarity and intensity of sensory input, while figure-ground refers to the separation of an object from its background, and proximity is the aspect of perception that involves grouping items together based on their physical closeness.

Question 7

You have organized your personal library into genres such as nonfiction, biographies, romance novels, science fiction, etc. Your behavior is similar to the perception process that helps us organize information based on

Accepted Answer

The behavior of organizing personal library into genres is similar to the perception process of organizing information based on similarity. In this case, the similarity is based on the genre or category of the book.

Question 8

Our failure to notice small changes in our surroundings is due to the _____ aspect of the perception process.

Accepted Answer

Expectancy refers to our tendency to perceive what we expect to perceive based on past experiences and prior knowledge. This can cause us to miss small changes in our surroundings because we might not be actively looking for them or expecting them to occur.

Question 9

Which statement is not true of stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

Stereotypes are not always reflections of reality, but rather oversimplified and often inaccurate generalizations about a group of people.

Question 10

Which statement is not typical of men and communication?

Accepted Answer

Men typically do not text for enjoyment as much as they use communication as a means to an end, to demonstrate power and position, or to find information.

Question 11

You're driving down the freeway and you cut someone off. According to attribution theory, which statement are you most likely to make when you realize what you've done?

Accepted Answer

According to attribution theory, when we make mistakes, we tend to attribute it to external factors such as not seeing the other car rather than internal factors such as needing to be more alert. Therefore, the most likely statement in this scenario would be "Gosh, I didn't see that car."

Question 12

You're driving down the freeway and someone cuts you off. According to attribution theory, which statement are you most likely to make in response?

Accepted Answer

According to attribution theory, people tend to make dispositional attributions for negative behavior, meaning they attribute it to the person's character rather than situational factors. Therefore, the most likely response in this scenario would be to see the other driver as a jerk and blame their careless driving rather than any external factors.

Question 13

Your friend Melissa forgot your birthday. According to attribution theory, which statement are you most likely to think to in response?

Accepted Answer

According to attribution theory, when we experience a negative event, we are more likely to attribute it to internal factors (e.g., the person's personality or intentions) than to external factors (e.g., the situation). In this case, Melissa forgetting your birthday is a negative event, and you are most likely to attribute it to her being a bad friend (an internal factor) rather than to her being busy (an external factor).

Question 14

_____ theory argues that we tend to minimize personal responsibility for what we do poorly.

Accepted Answer

Attribution theory suggests that people tend to make attributions or explanations for events, including their successes and failures. When it comes to failures or poor performance, individuals tend to attribute the cause to external factors rather than personal responsibility, as a way to protect their self-esteem. This is known as the fundamental attribution error, or the tendency to overemphasize dispositional (internal) explanations for others' behavior and situational (external) explanations for our own behavior.

Question 15

_____ theory argues that we tend to take more credit for what we've done than we probably deserve.

Accepted Answer

The theory described fits with the concept of attribution, which is the way we explain behavior and interpret events, and more specifically, the fundamental attribution error, which refers to our tendency to overemphasize dispositional (internal/personality-based) explanations and underestimate situational (external/environmental) explanations for the behavior of others. This can apply to ourselves as well, where we give ourselves more credit for our achievements and accomplishments without acknowledging the role of external factors.

Question 16

_____ theory argues that we tend to assume people have many positive traits if we know that they have a few positive traits.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of the Implicit Personality Theory, which is the tendency to assume that certain traits go together and form a single personality type. Therefore, if someone shows a few positive traits, we assume they have many more positive traits.

Question 17

You've interviewed someone for a job. The person is a perfect match of skills and enthusiasm for the position. In a background check, you discover that he or she was fired from a previous position because of an office affair. According to implicit personality theory, you will

Accepted Answer

Implicit personality theory suggests that we make assumptions about people's personalities and future behavior based on past behaviors or traits. Discovering the candidate was fired for an office affair might lead one to assume they could engage in similar behavior again, potentially influencing the decision not to offer the position.

Question 18

Which statement is not true of collectivistic cultures?

Accepted Answer

Collectivistic cultures place a strong emphasis on group harmony and community, therefore they often believe that the group is responsible for taking care of its members (A) and friendships are important and long-lasting (B). Additionally, group memberships are often very important and can extend beyond just family relationships (D). However, collectivistic cultures generally do not believe in individualism and therefore do not place as much emphasis on the idea that people are solely responsible for their own misfortunes (C).

Question 19

Which statement is not true of individualist cultures?

Accepted Answer

Individualist cultures prioritize individual achievement and success over group harmony or loyalty. As a result, friendships in these cultures may be less stable or long-lasting as individuals may prioritize their own goals and pursuits over maintaining social relationships.

Question 20

Which statement is not true of co-cultures?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement is not true of co-cultures?
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Quiz 2: Perceiving the Self and Others