Question 1

What is meant by a test's validity?

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Question 2

What is reaction time and what is the relationship between IQ scores and reaction time?

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Question 3

As you are driving down the highway, you realize that one of your tires is going flat. No problem-you pull over and change the tire. According to the views of Robert Sternberg, what kind of intelligence did you display? Explain.

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Question 4

Explain why traits that are affected by genes should be more similar in MZ twins than in DZ twins.

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Question 5

What are the advantages of gauging intelligence relative to that of age-matched peers, as opposed to merely comparing mental age to chronological age?

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Question 6

What does it mean to state that IQ scores have predictive value for a wide range of real-life criteria? Assess the predictive value of IQ scores on an individual and a group basis. Include some specific examples in your answer.

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Question 7

Defend the argument that there is more than one kind of intelligence.

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Question 8

What is savant syndrome? Does savant syndrome support Charles Spearman's theory of generalized intelligence? Why or why not?

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Question 9

What does it mean when we say that intelligence tests can be culturally biased?

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Question 10

By definition, a test that has been _______ has been administered to many people so that the performance average and variability are established.

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Question 11

Which is a major criticism of the Stanford-Binet test?

Accepted Answer

The Stanford-Binet test is widely criticized for being inappropriate for testing adults because it compares chronological and mental age, which is not suitable for the adult population. The test was originally designed for children, and while it has been adapted for use in adults, it is not considered a reliable measure of adult intelligence. Additionally, some argue that the test is biased towards Western countries and cultures, and may not accurately measure the intelligence of individuals from other cultures or backgrounds.

Question 12

In a normal distribution of scores, _______ percent of all people score within one standard deviation of the mean, and _______ percent of all people score within two standard deviations of the mean.

Accepted Answer

In a normal distribution of scores, approximately 68% of all people score within one standard deviation of the mean, and approximately 95% of all people score within two standard deviations of the mean. This is known as the 68-95-99.7 rule. Choice B is the only option that reflects these percentages.

Question 13

Differentiate between a reliable test and a valid test.

Accepted Answer

A reliable test means that it gives consistent results when administered multiple times, while a valid test measures what it is supposed to measure. Therefore, choice C correctly distinguishes between the two concepts. The other options are incorrect.

Question 14

Two newly developed IQ tests are administered to 500 people on consecutive days. The mean score on the first test is 60, while the mean score on the second test is 85. On this basis, which of the following do these tests appear to lack?

Accepted Answer

The difference in mean scores between the two tests suggests a lack of cross-test reliability, which refers to the consistency of results across different versions or forms of a test. Standardization refers to the use of consistent procedures in administering, scoring, and interpreting a test, scoring reliability refers to the consistency of scoring within a single administration of a test, and split-half reliability refers to the consistency of results between different halves of the same test. These concepts are not necessarily related to the observed difference in mean scores between the two IQ tests.

Question 15

A researcher wants to know if a test measures all the various facets of a psychological trait in question, or just a few aspects of the trait. The researcher is trying to determine the test's

Accepted Answer

Content validity refers to the extent to which a test measures all the aspects or facets of a psychological trait that it is designed to measure. Therefore, this is the best choice for the researcher in question.

Question 16

Raymond is a high school dropout who earns about $400 per week washing dishes at a local diner. Raymond is representative of a population with an IQ of about

Accepted Answer

According to the IQ scale, a score of 85 falls into the low average range. As Raymond is a high school dropout, it is reasonable to assume that his IQ falls in this range. It would not be appropriate to assume that he has an IQ as low as 50, which falls into the range of severe intellectual disability, as he is able to hold down a job and perform the task of washing dishes. It is also unlikely that his IQ would be as high as 110 or 130, which fall into the average to above average range, as he has not completed high school.

Question 17

Mrs. Zimmerman is a first-grade teacher who has just administered a reading and math assessment test to Jackson. Because Jackson scored very high on the reading assessment component of the test, Mrs. Zimmerman believes that he will score high on the math assessment component of the test. It appears that Mrs. Zimmerman agrees with

Accepted Answer

Mrs. Zimmerman's belief that there is a correlation between Jackson's reading and math abilities suggests that she subscribes to Spearman's theory of generalized intelligence, which asserts that individuals possess a level of overall intelligence that is reflected in their performance across different tasks and domains.

Question 18

Some psychologists believe that _______ intelligence is analogous to a computer's processing speed, while _______ intelligence is analogous to data that is stored on a computer's hard drive.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists believe that fluid intelligence is analogous to a computer's processing speed because it involves reasoning and problem-solving abilities that are used in new or novel situations. On the other hand, crystallized intelligence is analogous to data stored on a computer's hard drive because it involves acquired knowledge, skills, and abilities that are based on past experiences and learning. The other answer choices do not accurately reflect this analogy.

Question 19

Which of the following would be considered creative intelligence, as put forth by Robert Sternberg?

Accepted Answer

According to Robert Sternberg's theory of intelligence, creative intelligence involves proposing unique solutions to deal with unusual situations. Working with abstract information (A) falls under analytical intelligence, performing learned behaviors in familiar situations (C) falls under practical intelligence, and adapting to everyday life by applying theoretical ideas (D) falls under analytical and practical intelligence.

Question 20

Which of Howard Gardner's eight intelligences are the abilities that Robert Sternberg collectively calls analytical intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Gardner's eight intelligences include linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. Of these, the abilities that Sternberg collectively calls analytical intelligence are linguistic, logical-mathematical, and spatial. These are the abilities commonly measured by IQ tests and are associated with academic and intellectual performance.

Quiz 11: Intelligence