Question 1

When perceiving sensory events, individuals with synaesthesia will

Accepted Answer

Individuals with synaesthesia consistently and automatically perceive another sensory event which is paired with the one presented. This is a defining characteristic of synaesthesia. They may see colors when they hear sounds, or taste certain flavors when they see certain shapes. This pairing of sensory experiences is automatic and consistent for the individual with synaesthesia.

Question 2

The evidence from Barton's (2008) review of 10 patients suggests that bilateral lesions to the fusiform gryi results in

Accepted Answer

Barton's review suggests that bilateral lesions to the fusiform gyrus result in severe impairments in the ability to form an image of a face.

Question 3

The fusiform face area (FFA) varies between individuals in its

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

Why are there limitations to the conclusions that can be drawn from prosopagnosia research?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why are there limitations to the conclusions...

Question 5

Patients with congenital prosopagnosia show

Accepted Answer

Congenital prosopagnosia is a condition that is characterized by difficulties in recognizing faces that are unrelated to any intellectual, sensory or neurological deficits. There is considerable variability in face-processing impairment among those with congenital prosopagnosia which means that some may have mild difficulties while others may have severe difficulties. Therefore, option A and C are incorrect. Also, there is no evidence to suggest that individuals with congenital prosopagnosia only recognize animals and not humans, so option D is incorrect.

Question 6

The 'disinhibited-feedback' theory (as it relates to synesthesia) proposes that

Accepted Answer

The 'disinhibited-feedback' theory proposes that connections between different sensory pathways exist in 'normal' brains, but are usually inhibited. In cases of synesthesia, however, these connections are not inhibited, leading to the perception of sensory experiences in a way that is different from the norm.

Question 7

Your textbook describes four stages of cognitive processing: Perception, Learning and Memory, Retrieval, and Thinking. It's useful to break things down this way, but it's also an oversimplification. Why is it an oversimplification?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your textbook describes four stages of cognitive...

Question 8

Give one example of how top-down perception causes errors, and one example of how top-down perception helps us perceive better.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give one example of how top-down perception...

Question 9

What does it mean to say that searching for simple features is a parallel process, while searching for conjunctions is a serial process?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does it mean to say that...

Question 10

Explain the difference between form agnosia and integrative agnosia, and explain how you could classify a patient as one or the other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the difference between form agnosia and...

Question 11

List 3 characteristics of Synesthesia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List 3 characteristics of Synesthesia....

Question 12

What is the mechanism underlying the phenomenon of Blindsight (as discussed in class)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the mechanism underlying the phenomenon...

Question 13

What is Unilateral Spatial Neglect? How does it differ from visual field loss?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is Unilateral Spatial Neglect? How does...

Question 14

Congenital prosopagnosia is thought to occur

Accepted Answer

Congenital prosopagnosia is a condition present from birth, which means it occurs without any apparent brain injury. It is thought to be a result of a developmental problem in the brain's fusiform gyrus, which is responsible for facial recognition. It is not linked to any specific trauma in the womb or childhood.

Question 15

When comparing a case of form agnosia with a case of integrative agnosia, Riddoch et al. (2008) found

Accepted Answer

Riddoch et al. (2008) found that form agnosia and integrative agnosia involve qualitatively different types of processing, highlighting the distinct nature of these conditions in how visual information is processed.

Question 16

The ventral stream (travelling to the temporal lobe) is thought to be responsible for

Accepted Answer

The ventral stream is also known as the "what pathway" as it is responsible for identifying objects and events and attaching meaning to them. This includes recognizing faces and familiar objects. Skilled movement generation is primarily associated with the dorsal stream, or the "where pathway."

Question 17

It is often the case that for synaesthetes the apparent colour of a word is determined by

Accepted Answer

Synaesthesia is a condition where the stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. For synaesthetes who experience colored hearing, the color they perceive when they hear or think of a word often depends on the first letter of the word. This is because their brains associate specific letters with specific colors.

Question 18

For synaesthetes completing a Stroop task, when the inducer colour matches the synaesthetic colour

Accepted Answer

Synaesthetes experience a consistency effect, where performance is enhanced when the inducers (e.g. the word "red" in red ink) match their synaesthetic experiences. Therefore, responses are faster when the inducer colour matches the synaesthetic colour.

Question 19

Currently in fMRI studies, the brain regions most commonly activated in the critical synaesthesia response study conditions lie in

Accepted Answer

The answer of Currently in fMRI studies, the brain regions...

Question 20

Grossenbacher and Lovelace's (2001) 'disinhibited-feedback' theory proposes that

Accepted Answer

Grossenbacher and Lovelace's theory proposes that individuals with synaesthesia have disinhibited feedback between different sensory pathways, which means that the connections between these pathways exist but are usually inhibited in individuals without synaesthesia. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it accurately reflects the theory's proposition.

Quiz 4: Disorders of Perception and Attention