Question 1

List and describe the techniques used to increase hypnotic responsiveness. Explain why it can be said that hypnosis is largely a participant variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and describe the techniques used to...

Question 2

In dream research,sleepers are sometimes awakened when physiological measures indicate they are probably dreaming.

Accepted Answer

This is true. In order to study dreams, researchers sometimes awaken sleepers during the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) stage of sleep when they are more likely to be dreaming. They may also use physiological measures, such as monitoring brain waves or eye movements, to indicate when a sleeper is likely dreaming.

Question 3

Before the use of more sophisticated defense mechanisms,children most often use projection as a defense mechanism.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

Sociocognitive theories of hypnosis point out that a person cannot do under hypnosis what they would not do without it.

Accepted Answer

Sociocognitive theories of hypnosis propose that hypnosis is a social and psychological phenomenon where the hypnotized person's responses are influenced by social and cognitive factors, such as expectations and beliefs about hypnosis, the authority of the hypnotist, and the context of the situation. These theories emphasize that hypnosis does not give the hypnotist complete control over the hypnotized person, and that the person cannot be made to do things that go against their moral or ethical beliefs, or that they would not do without hypnosis.

Question 5

Write about a dream you have had and give an example of a psychoanalytic interpretation of it. Why do people dream,according to Freud? Summarize the research findings on dreams that challenge Freud's theory of dreaming.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write about a dream you have had...

Question 6

State three specific predictions of Freud's theory about hostile humor. Summarize the evidence for a preference for hostile humor,the reduction of aggression with hostile humor,and the relationship between tension reduction and funniness.

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

According to one explanation of hypnosis,the superego forms a new subsystem when a person is under hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

This explanation of hypnosis is not widely accepted by the scientific community. The superego is a psychological concept from Freudian psychoanalytic theory, which is not recognized by most modern psychologists as a valid model of the mind. Hypnosis is still not well understood, but it is generally thought to involve a state of focused attention and suggestibility, rather than the formation of new psychological subsystems.

Question 8

Give a description of your own of the defense mechanisms used by children and contrast them with those used by adults. Give examples of different individual differences in defense mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

One function of dreams that Freud maintained was they provide a safe and healthy outlet for expressing aggressive desires.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that dreams served as a form of wish fulfillment, allowing individuals to express repressed desires, including aggressive ones, in a safe and non-threatening way.

Quiz 4: The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research