Question 1

State the early version of the distinction between active and avoidant coping strategies. Give some examples of a person's response to stress from each end of the dimension. Distinguish coping strategies that are problem-focused from emotion-focused strategies. State the relative effectiveness of these different strategies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of State the early version of the distinction...

Question 2

In general,avoidance coping strategies are more effective in helping people with a wide variety of stressors than active strategies.

Accepted Answer

Active coping strategies, such as problem-solving and seeking social support, are generally more effective in managing stress than avoidance coping strategies, such as denial and substance use. Avoidance coping may provide temporary relief, but it can lead to long-term negative consequences and does not address the source of stress.

Question 3

A four-category model of adult attachment styles divides people along which two dimensions?

Accepted Answer

A four-category model of adult attachment styles divides people along the dimensions of anxiety and avoidance. Individuals who score high in anxiety tend to worry about rejection and abandonment, while those who score high in avoidance tend to be uncomfortable with intimacy and prefer emotional distance in their relationships. These two dimensions create four categories: secure, preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant.

Question 4

In terms of the four-category model of adult attachment,preoccupied people

Accepted Answer

Preoccupied people have negative views of themselves and positive views of others. They often feel unworthy of love and have a strong desire for intimacy, but also fear rejection and abandonment.

Question 5

One explanation for why aggression leads to more aggression is that it is reinforced by the cathartic release of tension.

Accepted Answer

When someone releases their aggression, they may feel a sense of catharsis or relief. However, this can reinforce the aggressive behavior and lead to more aggression in the future as it becomes a learned coping mechanism.

Question 6

A woman is uncomfortable getting close to others and has difficulty trusting potential romantic partners. She probably has which kind of adult attachment style?

Accepted Answer

The traits described (discomfort getting close to others and difficulty trusting partners) are characteristic of avoidant attachment style.

Question 7

People with which kind of adult attachment style are least likely to fall in love?

Accepted Answer

People with an avoidant attachment style tend to have a fear of intimacy and a desire for autonomy, which can make it difficult for them to form deep romantic connections and fall in love.

Question 8

Karen Horney agreed with Freud that unconscious conflicts often trigger anxiety.

Accepted Answer

Karen Horney did agree with Freud that unconscious conflicts can cause anxiety. However, she also believed that other factors such as social and cultural influences played a significant role in shaping personality and behavior.

Question 9

Francisco has fallen in love many times,but has difficulty finding long-term happiness in any of his relationships. He desperately wants to find a romantic partner. Francisco probably has which kind of adult attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Francisco's difficulty in finding long-term happiness in relationships despite falling in love multiple times suggests an anxious-ambivalent attachment style. People with this attachment style tend to crave intimacy and want to be close to their partners, but often worry about being abandoned or rejected, leading to emotional highs and lows in relationships.

Question 10

In terms of the four-category model of adult attachment,dismissing people have feelings that they are unworthy while they tend to see others as trustworthy.

Accepted Answer

Dismissing people tend to have high self-esteem and view themselves as competent and independent, but they often have difficulty recognizing and expressing their own emotions and may dismiss the importance of close relationships in their lives. They may also view others as unreliable or untrustworthy.

Question 11

Carol is having difficulty with her romantic relationship. She is afraid of losing her partner,so she gives in to her partner's wishes to keep him happy. Carol probably has which kind of attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with an anxious-ambivalent attachment style tend to cling to their partner and fear rejection or abandonment. They often prioritize their partner's needs over their own to maintain the relationship.

Question 12

Describe three kinds of parent-child attachment relationships. Contrast with examples of each of the four categories of adult attachment styles.What are the implications for children in each of the three relationships when they are adults?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe three kinds of parent-child attachment relationships....

Question 13

A person who describes his or her relationships with family members as distrustful and emotionally distant most probably has an avoidant style of attachment.

Accepted Answer

The description of distrustful and emotionally distant relationships with family members is consistent with the characteristics of an avoidant attachment style.

Question 14

Fears of abandonment and being left alone characterize which of the following categories of adult attachment?

Accepted Answer

Fears of abandonment and being left alone are characteristic of individuals with fearful attachment. They have both high avoidance and high anxiety in relationships, often feeling conflicted about getting too close to others while also deeply desiring intimacy and connection.

Question 15

Although she is involved in a steady romantic relationship,Jackie has an avoidant attachment style. This week she is stressed about an upcoming medical operation. Studies suggest the stress will cause Jackie to

Accepted Answer

Individuals with avoidant attachment styles tend to withdraw from close relationships during times of stress. Therefore, it is likely that Jackie will pull away from her partner during this difficult time.

Question 16

Discuss how Freud's original frustration-aggression hypothesis influenced research by behavioral psychologists on the topic. Give evidence that frustration is one cause of aggression. Define displacement and catharsis and specify their roles in aggressive behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss how Freud's original frustration-aggression hypothesis influenced...

Question 17

A man worries that his romantic partner does not really love him. He becomes demanding and sometimes overwhelming in his effort to secure his partner's love. The man probably has which kind of attachment style?

Accepted Answer

The man's behavior suggests an anxious-ambivalent attachment style, which is characterized by a fear of abandonment and an excessive need for closeness and reassurance from romantic partners. This attachment style often leads to clingy and demanding behavior in relationships, as the individual feels insecure and uncertain about their partner's feelings towards them.

Quiz 6: Neo-Freudian Theories: Relevant Research