Question 1

The basic unit of nervous tissue is the ______.
A) dendrite
B) axon
C) neuron
D) nerve

Accepted Answer

The basic unit of nervous tissue is the neuron. A neuron is composed of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. Nerves are bundles of axons and dendrites, while dendrites and axons are components of neurons, but not the basic unit themselves.

Question 2

A main function of most types of epithelial tissue is ______.
A) sensation
B) support
C) covering surfaces
D) absorption

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue functions primarily to cover and line various surfaces of the body, such as skin and mucous membranes. While some types of epithelial tissue may also have functions such as absorption and sensation, covering surfaces is the main function.

Question 3

In animals,individual cells are grouped into _____.
A) organs
B) tissues
C) organisms
D) organ systems

Accepted Answer

In animals, individual cells are grouped into tissues, which are then organized to form organs, which together make up the organ systems of the organism.

Question 4

Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body?
A) nervous
B) blood
C) connective
D) muscle

Accepted Answer

The nervous tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body, allowing for the rapid transfer of information between different parts of the body.

Question 5

Which of the following is the most common type of connective tissue in the typical human body?
A) fibrous connective tissue
B) adipose tissue
C) loose connective tissue
D) bone

Accepted Answer

Loose connective tissue is the most common type of connective tissue in the human body, and it is found in many different organs and structures. It provides support and cushioning, and it also allows for flexibility and movement. Fibrous connective tissue is also common, but is found primarily in tendons and ligaments. Adipose tissue is a specialized type of connective tissue that stores fat, and is not as widespread as loose connective tissue. Bone is a type of connective tissue, but is not as common as loose connective tissue throughout the body.

Question 6

Imagine an invertebrate that lives in an estuary where salinity varies cyclically with the tides.If this animal practices homeostasis with respect to the salt concentration of its body fluids,its salt concentration will show ______.
A) no variations
B) slight, continuous fluctuations
C) slight variations, but only when the external salinity is changing rapidly
D) a cyclic variation identical to that of the surrounding water

Accepted Answer

The invertebrate practicing homeostasis will maintain its internal salt concentration relatively stable, showing only slight, continuous fluctuations despite external changes.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a true statement about organs?
A) An organ represents a higher level of structure than the tissues composing it.
B) An organ consists of several tissues.
C) An organ can only carry out the functions of its component tissues.
D) An organ consists of many cells.

Accepted Answer

This is not a true statement about organs. Organs are capable of carrying out functions that cannot be performed by their component tissues alone. The interaction between multiple tissues in an organ allows for complex functions to be carried out.

Question 8

The connection between form and ______ is a basic concept of biology.
A) structure
B) adaptation
C) function
D) environment

Accepted Answer

The connection between form and function is a fundamental concept in biology, as the shape and structure of an organism or its parts are closely related to their roles and activities.

Question 9

The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant by varying the amount of hydrogen ions (H⁺)it secretes into the urine.You can confidently predict that this aspect of kidney function will be controlled by ______. A) a negative feedback mechanism B) nerve impulses from the brain C) a hormone produced in the brain D) a hormone produced in the kidney itself

Accepted Answer

The maintenance of constant acidity levels in body fluids is a vital aspect of homeostasis, which is achieved through a negative feedback mechanism. In this case, the kidney senses changes in the acidity levels of body fluids and responds by secreting varying amounts of hydrogen ions into the urine to bring the levels back to the set point. Once the levels are restored, the feedback loop is turned off, and the process is repeated when necessary. This is an example of a negative feedback mechanism, which is a vital control mechanism for maintaining homeostasis in the body. Nerve impulses or hormones may also play a role in moderating kidney function, but the primary control mechanism for this aspect of kidney function is negative feedback.

Question 10

Which one of the following types of tissue stores fat in the body?
A) cartilage
B) bone
C) adipose tissue
D) fibrous connective tissue

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue, also known as fat tissue, is responsible for storing energy in the form of fat. It is found under the skin and around organs in the body. Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that provides support to bones and joints. Bone tissue provides support and protection to the body. Fibrous connective tissue provides support to organs and tissues.

Question 11

What kind of connective tissue has a matrix that is strong and flexible?
A) bone
B) adipose tissue
C) loose connective tissue
D) cartilage

Accepted Answer

Cartilage has a matrix that is strong and flexible, which provides support while also allowing for some movement.

Question 12

Homeostasis ______.
A) is the maintenance of a constant internal state
B) is a pathological condition
C) is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
D) is the way the internal environment influences the external environment

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment within an organism, despite changes in the external environment. This is a necessary process for the proper functioning of the body's cells and organs. Choice A is partially correct but not specific enough, and choices B and D are incorrect.

Question 13

A physiologist is a biologist who studies the ______.
A) structure of living things
B) structure of body parts
C) evolution of animals
D) function of body parts

Accepted Answer

A physiologist is a scientist who studies the function of living organisms or their parts, including cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. Therefore, the best choice is D - function of body parts.

Question 14

Connective tissue is different from the other major tissue types in that ______.
A) it is made up of cells
B) the cells are sparsely scattered through an extracellular matrix
C) it is not made up of cells
D) it is found only in humans

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue is composed of cells, but they are widely spaced apart and embedded in an extracellular matrix, which is composed of protein fibers and ground substance. Therefore, option B is the correct choice. Option A is incorrect because connective tissue is made up of cells. Option C is incorrect because connective tissue is not cellular, and Option D is incorrect because connective tissue is found in many animal species, not just humans.

Question 15

The fact that every organism continuously exchanges chemicals and energy with its surroundings indicates that organisms ______.
A) are open systems
B) are closed systems
C) maintain homeostasis
D) osmoregulate

Accepted Answer

The fact that organisms continuously exchange chemicals and energy with their surroundings indicates that they are open systems, meaning they can exchange both matter and energy with their environment. Closed systems cannot exchange matter with their surroundings, while maintaining homeostasis and osmoregulation are important functions of organisms, they are not directly related to the exchange of chemicals and energy with the environment.

Question 16

Which of the following distinguishes cardiac muscle from both smooth and skeletal muscle?
A) Its cells are striped.
B) It generally cannot be contracted at will.
C) It generally can be contracted at will.
D) Its cells are branched.

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are unique in that they are branched, which distinguishes them from the linear structure of skeletal and smooth muscle cells.

Question 17

Which is the most abundant kind of tissue in most animals?
A) connective
B) epithelial
C) blood
D) muscle

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is the most abundant kind of...

Question 18

Bone is a type of
A) connective tissue
B) epithelial tissue
C) extracellular matrix
D) adipose tissue

Accepted Answer

Bone is a type of connective tissue that provides support and protection to the body. It is made up of cells and extracellular matrix, consisting mainly of collagen fibers and calcium phosphate crystals, which give bone its strength and hardness.

Question 19

Which of the following is true of a typical skeletal muscle?
A) It is found in the walls of organs such as the digestive tract.
B) Its fibers do not have a striped appearance under the microscope.
C) It can be enlarged by exercise.
D) It is only found in heart tissue.

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscles can be enlarged through exercise, a process known as hypertrophy. Option A is incorrect because smooth muscle is found in the walls of organs such as the digestive tract, while option B is incorrect because skeletal muscle fibers have a striated appearance under the microscope. Option D is incorrect because cardiac muscle, not skeletal muscle, is found only in heart tissue.

Question 20

Involuntary muscle includes
A) skeletal muscle only
B) smooth muscle only
C) smooth muscle and cardiac muscle
D) smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and some skeletal muscle

Accepted Answer

Involuntary muscles are muscles that are not under conscious control. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle are both types of involuntary muscle, while skeletal muscle is under conscious control. Therefore, the best choice is C, which includes both smooth and cardiac muscle.

Quiz 21: Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

The basic unit of nervous tissue is the ______.

A main function of most types of epithelial tissue is ______.

In animals,individual cells are grouped into _____.

Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body?

Which of the following is the most common type of connective tissue in the typical human body?

Imagine an invertebrate that lives in an estuary where salinity varies cyclically with the tides.If this animal practices homeostasis with respect to the salt concentration of its body fluids,its salt concentration will show ______.

Which of the following is not a true statement about organs?

The connection between form and ______ is a basic concept of biology.

The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant by varying the amount of hydrogen ions (H⁺) it secretes into the urine.You can confidently predict that this aspect of kidney function will be controlled by ______.

Which one of the following types of tissue stores fat in the body?

What kind of connective tissue has a matrix that is strong and flexible?

Homeostasis ______.

A physiologist is a biologist who studies the ______.

Connective tissue is different from the other major tissue types in that ______.

The fact that every organism continuously exchanges chemicals and energy with its surroundings indicates that organisms ______.

Which of the following distinguishes cardiac muscle from both smooth and skeletal muscle?

Which is the most abundant kind of tissue in most animals?

Bone is a type of

Which of the following is true of a typical skeletal muscle?

Involuntary muscle includes