Question 1

Therapists who treat racial prejudice-related trauma need to make sure that they

Accepted Answer

Therapists who treat racial prejudice-related trauma should have a clear anti-racist stance to ensure that they are sensitive to the nuances of the issue and to show that they are committed to social justice. It is important for therapists to recognize and address systemic oppression that contributes to the trauma. They should not limit themselves to only treating PTSD but adopt a holistic approach that incorporates culturally specific definitions of grief and healing. Although promoting hope for a better future is an essential aspect of therapy, it should not be the sole focus.

Question 2

----------------refers to the situation where minority group members realize they can be judged in terms of a negative stereotype and their fear of confirming that judgment affects their actual performance.

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat refers to the situation where minority group members realize they can be judged in terms of a negative stereotype and their fear of confirming that judgment affects their actual performance. This can lead to underperformance and can have negative effects on individuals and society as a whole.

Question 3

Research on stereotype threat has shown that Black people who are told that a test is diagnostic of their intellectual ability will

Accepted Answer

Research on stereotype threat has consistently shown that Black people who are told that a test is diagnostic of their intellectual ability score lower on that test. This is compared to White people who have also been told the test measures ability. Option A is incorrect because it is the opposite of what the research shows. Option C is not supported by research on stereotype threat.

Question 4

Student A is planning a presentation about incidents of racial bias at his university. Student A's talk will most likely be viewed negatively if he is a-------------------person and his examples are----------------.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Student A is planning a presentation about...

Question 5

Stereotype threat operates only

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat can occur when the stereotyped judgment is in an area that is important to the stereotyped group member, such as academic achievement, athletic ability, or leadership skills. It is not necessarily dependent on actual discrimination or low ability of the individual.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a key to understanding how stereotype threat operates?

Accepted Answer

This statement is incorrect as stereotype threat does not stem from an internalization of negative stereotypes about one's group. Instead, it stems from the concern that one's behavior or performance will confirm a negative stereotype held by others about one's group.

Question 7

Under which of the following conditions is stereotype threat most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat is most likely to occur in situations where an individual feels at risk of confirming a negative stereotype about their social group. In choice B, the context of a White man demonstrating athletic ability alongside a Black man could invoke stereotypes about racial differences in athletic ability, potentially causing stereotype threat for the White man. The other options do not as directly involve a context where a negative stereotype about the individual's social group could be confirmed.

Question 8

Stereotype threat

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat can lead to decreased working memory capacity, lower attention and ultimately decreased performance on tasks. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 9

Carmella concludes that the stereotype that women are not good at math applies to her and that, as a result, ingroup members will judge her badly. Which type of threat is represented by her belief?

Accepted Answer

Carmella's belief is concerning her own perceived abilities in math, which pertains to her own self-concept. She is worried about being judged negatively by others in her ingroup based on this stereotype, but this is a result of her own internalized self-concept threat.

Question 10

Charles is a 75-year-old man. He worries that if he cannot recall some fact, it will reinforce younger people's stereotype that older adults have poor memory. His con- cern represents which type of threat?

Accepted Answer

Charles is concerned about how his memory loss will reinforce the stereotype that older adults have poor memory. This is a group-reputation threat (outgroup) because Charles is concerned about how his behavior will reflect on his group (older adults).

Question 11

If people care about the implications of their stereotype-relevant actions for the way they see themselves, the source of their stereotype threat is the-------------------and the type of threat is----------------.

Accepted Answer

The question mentions the concern people have about how their actions impact the way they see themselves, suggesting that the source of the stereotype threat is the self, and the type of threat is related to one's self-concept. Therefore, the correct answer is B, self and self-concept.

Question 12

If people believe that their own stereotype-relevant actions are public to ingroup members and they care how ingroup members see them, the source of the stereotype threat is the-------------------and the type of threat is----------------.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If people believe that their own stereotype-relevant...

Question 13

If people believe that outgroup members think the stereotype of their group is true, the source of the stereotype threat is the-------------------and the type of threat is----------------.

Accepted Answer

When individuals believe that outgroup members perceive stereotypes about their group as true, the source of the stereotype threat is attributed to the group itself, and the type of threat concerns the reputation of the group in the eyes of the outgroup. This scenario reflects concerns about how the group is viewed by others, rather than how individuals view themselves or their own abilities.

Question 14

People who believe their success or failure is under their personal control

Accepted Answer

People who believe their success or failure is under their personal control are unlikely to experience stereotype threat, as they do not feel limited by their social identities and are more confident in their abilities to succeed.

Question 15

A Latino male who is-------------------on stigma consciousness is likely to have a-------------------college grade point average.

Accepted Answer

High stigma consciousness, or the awareness and concern about being judged or stereotyped, can lead to stress and anxiety, potentially negatively impacting academic performance, hence a Latino male with high stigma consciousness is likely to have a lower college grade point average.

Question 16

Researchers have ruled out all but which of the following as plausible explanations for the experience of stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Researchers have ruled out all but which...

Question 17

Paulette discriminated against a co-worker. She later participated in an experiment. Based on the results of research, which of the following would likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that engaging in discriminatory behavior can lead to cognitive dissonance and psychological stress, which in turn can impair executive function. This impairment can manifest as difficulty in planning, problem-solving, and maintaining attention, all of which are components of executive function.

Question 18

Anne is asked to solve math problems under conditions that elicit stereotype threat. If you were observing an f MRI of Anne's brain during this time, you would likely see the greatest activation in areas associated with

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat often activates areas of the brain associated with processing social and emotional information, including the fear of being judged or the anxiety of conforming to negative stereotypes. This can lead to increased activity in regions related to social rejection, as individuals may fear being negatively evaluated based on stereotypical assumptions.

Question 19

Which of the following is a way to reduce stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

Providing role models who have succeeded in the area being assessed can help reduce stereotype threat by showing that individuals from the same group have been successful in that domain, which can help to counteract negative stereotypes. The other options listed do not effectively address stereotype threat.

Question 20

Black men who watched Barack Obama's acceptance speech at the 2007 Democratic National Convention

Accepted Answer

According to the research conducted by Nicholas A. Valentino et al. (2011), Black men who watched Barack Obama's acceptance speech at the 2007 Democratic National Convention scored higher on a verbal ability test than Black men who did not watch the speech. The authors suggest that this could be due to the positive stereotype association between Blacks and verbal ability, activated by the presence of a successful Black public figure. The study did not measure interest in the political process, nor did it compare Black and White men who did not watch the speech.

Quiz 10: The Experience of Discrimination