Question 1

According to sociologists Massey and Denton, a set of neighborhoods that are exclusively inhabited by members of one group and in which almost all of the members of the group live is called a/an…

Accepted Answer

Massey and Denton define a ghetto as a set of neighborhoods that are exclusively inhabited by members of one group and in which almost all of the members of that group live, emphasizing its isolation and homogeneity.

Question 2

Enclaves are defined as communities where a high percentage of the residents are members of the same group, often an ethnic group.Which of the following additional characteristics is true of enclaves?

Accepted Answer

Enclaves are often formed by individuals choosing to live near others who share their cultural, ethnic, or national backgrounds, indicating a voluntary nature of residence.

Question 3

In the Bensonhurst section of Brooklyn, where Hutter grew up, two ethnic groups lived spatially integrated but symbolically segregated.Each group lived in the neighborhood to be near "their own," and to have access to their own ethnic grocery stores, candy stores, and churches.At that time, Bensonhurst was a/an…

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Louis Wirth wrote the classic study of the ghetto, based on the…

Accepted Answer

Louis Wirth's classic study of the ghetto was based on the Jewish community in Chicago.

Question 5

Wirth saw the ghetto primarily in ________ rather than in ________ terms.

Accepted Answer

Wirth viewed the ghetto more from a social psychological perspective, emphasizing the social dynamics and psychological impacts on individuals and communities, rather than merely focusing on its geographic or physical aspects.

Question 6

Louis Wirth and the Chicago School tended to see the ghetto as…

Accepted Answer

Louis Wirth and the Chicago School viewed the ghetto as a stage in the assimilation process that all groups would go through, emphasizing the transitional nature of ethnic enclaves in the process of integrating into broader society.

Question 7

The Chicago School failed to understand the experience of African Americans in the ghetto because of their…

Accepted Answer

The Chicago School's approach to urban sociology often emphasized assimilation and overlooked the complexities of cultural pluralism, failing to fully grasp the unique experiences of African Americans in urban ghettos.

Question 8

The fundamental problem with the Chicago School in terms of the ghetto was its inability to…

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fundamental problem with the Chicago School...

Question 9

One indication of the rapid growth of industrialization in the United States from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century is that the nonagricultural workforce almost ________ from 1890 to 1910.

Accepted Answer

According to historical data, the nonagricultural workforce in the United States almost doubled from around 12.5 million in 1890 to approximately 23 million in 1910, indicating a rapid growth of industrialization.

Question 10

The immigrants who made up the "new immigration" to the United States from 1880 to 1924 came predominantly from…

Accepted Answer

The "new immigration" of 1880-1924 consisted of predominantly eastern and southern Europeans, such as Italians, Poles, and Russians.

Question 11

Although there are many mixed motives for immigration, the main explanation for the massive movement of people to the United States in the early twentieth century was that…

Accepted Answer

The immigrants' countries of origin were experiencing population explosions and dislocations, which created a push factor for people to leave and seek better opportunities elsewhere.

Question 12

Unlike the "old" immigrants, who arrived prior to 1876 and lived in geographically dispersed residence patterns, the "new" immigrants, from 1876-1925, tended to live in the industrial cities of the Northeast and Midwest because…

Accepted Answer

The "new" immigrants came to the United States in search of economic opportunity and jobs, so they tended to settle in urban industrial centers where there were more job opportunities. This was especially true as the United States industrialized in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Question 13

When immigrants to a new society move to an area where they already have family or friends they are engaging in…

Accepted Answer

This is an example of chain migration, where immigrants move to an area where they have family or friends who have already settled. This allows for a support network as well as a smoother transition into the new society.

Question 14

The Chicago School argued that the extended family ties of immigrants, as well as the communities in which they lived, promoted social disorganization.Tamara Hareven's findings…

Accepted Answer

Tamara Hareven's findings indicated the continuing viability of kinship ties and involvements among urban immigrants, which contradicts the Chicago School's argument that extended family ties promote social disorganization.

Question 15

Restrictive legislation in 1921 and 1924 drastically limited immigration, nonetheless city migration continued to rise as…

Accepted Answer

The restrictive legislation in 1921 and 1924 limited immigration, but it did not stop the migration of African Americans from rural southern states to industrial cities in the Northeast and Midwest. This movement is known as the Great Migration and was driven by the hope of finding better economic opportunities and escaping racial discrimination and violence in the South.

Question 16

Like flash mobs, mass mobs are spontaneous gatherings…

Accepted Answer

Mass mobs are organized gatherings of people who attend churches for Sunday Mass, usually in an effort to revitalize struggling or underappreciated historic churches.

Question 17

An account relied to David Rieff demonstrates that the Havana known by the older generation of migrants…

Accepted Answer

The article states that the Havana known by the older generation of migrants "exists only in their memories," indicating that the city has changed significantly since they left and is not the same as they remember.

Question 18

Although drawn to the North by the promise of jobs, many African Americans in northern cities were eventually ensnared in poverty because of…

Accepted Answer

Discriminatory hiring practices, the decline of entry-level manufacturing jobs, and the lack of affordable housing all contributed to the poverty that many African Americans in northern cities faced. Despite moving to the North in search of better job opportunities, they often found themselves trapped in segregated neighborhoods with few job prospects beyond low-paying service or domestic work.

Question 19

From the period of the Great Migration through World War II, more African Americans and other racial minorities were housed in growing segregated ghettos because of…

Accepted Answer

The prevalence of racism played a significant role in the segregation of minority populations in urban ghettos. Redlining, discriminatory lending practices, and zoning laws all systematically excluded minorities from living in more desirable neighborhoods and forced them into restricted areas. The urban ecology model and preference to live together may have played a small role, but they were not the primary factors. Great deals on housing and availability of mortgages were not widely accessible to African Americans during this time due to discriminatory practices.

Question 20

After World War II, expanding slums, few well-paying jobs, increasing costs of social services, the movement of industrial and manufacturing jobs out of cities, and the beginning of the White middle-class movement to the suburbs caused many cities to experience a(n) …

Accepted Answer

The sentence mentions several negative factors that affected many cities after World War II, such as expanding slums, loss of well-paying jobs, and movement of industries to the suburbs. These factors led to a decline in many cities' economies, populations, and quality of life for their residents. Therefore, the best choice is D - steep decline.

Quiz 11: Urban Communities and Social Policies