Question 1

The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act did which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act, passed in 1974, encouraged states to remove status offenders (juveniles who committed offenses that would not be crimes if committed by adults, such as truancy or running away from home) from institutions. The Act did not provide funding for boot camps, create a distinct system of justice for juveniles, or prompt states to treat juveniles as adults.

Question 2

Probation, restitution, community service, and house arrest are considered _______ options for juvenile offenders.

Accepted Answer

Noncustodial options are those that do not involve incarceration in a facility. Probation, restitution, community service, and house arrest are examples of noncustodial options for juvenile offenders. This approach focuses on rehabilitation instead of punishment, and aims to reintegrate young offenders into their communities while addressing their offending behavior. Custodial options, on the other hand, involve detention in a facility and are typically reserved for more serious or violent offenses.

Question 3

_______ facilities house juvenile offenders or youths in need on a temporary basis and are primarily used for youths awaiting placement in foster or group homes.

Accepted Answer

Shelter care facilities are temporary housing for juvenile offenders or youths in need, typically used while they await placement in foster or group homes. Adoption (A) is a process through which a child is legally placed with new parents permanently. Sub rosa (B) refers to something done in secret or without the knowledge of others. Parens patriae (D) is a legal doctrine that grants the state the authority to act as a parent or guardian for the protection of its citizens.

Question 4

Also known as shock incarceration, _______ emphasize military-style discipline, structured activity, and physical training for troubled youth, and generally last 60-180 days.

Accepted Answer

The description of military-style discipline, structured activity, and physical training for troubled youth, lasting 60-180 days, is characteristic of boot camps, also known as shock incarceration. Forestry camps and wilderness camps typically involve outdoor activities and environmental education, while police camps may focus on law enforcement training.

Question 5

The long-term confinement of juvenile delinquents historically involved placement in a(n) _______ school, which resembled prisons for juveniles and offered few amenities and limited educational and other opportunities for rehabilitation.

Accepted Answer

Reform schools were historically used for the long-term confinement of juvenile delinquents, offering limited rehabilitation opportunities and resembling prisons for juveniles. Choices A, B, and D do not fit the description of confinement for juvenile delinquents in the context of the sentence.

Question 6

Zack was released to aftercare after serving a year in a detention center. The decision to release him was made by members of the detention center where Zack was placed. As such, Zack was in a state that uses _______ sentencing.

Accepted Answer

The fact that Zack was released to aftercare after serving a year in a detention center suggests he was in a state that uses indeterminate sentencing. Indeterminate sentencing allows for flexibility in the length of a sentence and provides an opportunity for early release contingent upon a prisoner's rehabilitation progress. Thus, members of the detention center had the power to determine when Zack was ready for release based on his progress in achieving rehabilitation goals.

Question 7

Most states use indeterminate sentencing, in which the decision to release a juvenile from custody to aftercare is made by juvenile correctional agencies, boards that determine a youth's suitability for aftercare, and

Accepted Answer

Indeterminate sentencing means that the decision to release a juvenile from custody to aftercare is not predetermined and is instead based on the youth's behavior and progress in rehabilitation programs. Therefore, it makes sense that the decision would be made by a board that determines a youth's suitability for aftercare, rather than district attorneys, grand juries, or defense attorneys who may not have as much information on the youth's progress. Sentencing judges may be involved in the decision-making process, but they are not listed as a choice in this question.

Question 8

Among the distinctions between adult and juvenile corrections is the enhanced focus on rehabilitating adults compared juveniles.

Accepted Answer

Juvenile corrections typically focus more on rehabilitation compared to adult corrections, which often emphasize punishment and deterrence.

Question 9

Custodial options are designed for juvenile offenders who typically have committed a more serious offense or have a history of delinquent behavior.

Accepted Answer

Custodial options, such as probation, residential treatment, or incarceration, are usually reserved for juvenile offenders who have committed more serious offenses or who have a history of delinquent behavior.

Question 10

Juvenile probation officers often seek to build a bond with juvenile offenders and develop a sense of trust that is often absent at the adult level.

Accepted Answer

Building a bond and trust with juvenile offenders is a common approach taken by probation officers in order to facilitate rehabilitation and reduce recidivism rates. This approach may not always be appropriate or effective with adult offenders.

Question 11

Restitution always involves financial repayment to victims.

Accepted Answer

Restitution can involve financial repayment, but it can also include other forms of compensation such as community service, counseling, or other forms of assistance to the victim.

Question 12

Critics argue that the use of free labor as part of community service eliminates job opportunities for law-abiding citizens.

Accepted Answer

Critics believe that the use of free labor in community service takes away job opportunities that could be filled by paid, law-abiding citizens.

Question 13

With regard to institutional security, all juvenile residential facilities lock youths in their sleeping rooms at least some of the time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of With regard to institutional security, all juvenile...

Question 14

Aftercare is provided to juveniles after they have been released from some form of custody.

Accepted Answer

Aftercare is a part of the juvenile justice system and is provided to juveniles after they are released from detention or residential facilities to help them reintegrate into the community and reduce their chances of reoffending.

Question 15

What custodial placement options are used with regard to juvenile offenders?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What custodial placement options are used with...

Question 16

What type of placement would you use for the following juvenile offenders? Justify your responses.
- A first-time offender who was involved with the robbery of a convenience store
- A youth who has been caught shoplifting on 5 separate occasions
- A youth who was caught selling drugs; it was his second offense

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of placement would you use...

Quiz 34: Juvenile Corrections