Question 1

__________ takes place after an experimental session is complete and involves revealing the true purpose of the experiment, the sponsor of the experiment, and generally a question-and-answer session.

Accepted Answer

Debriefing is the process of revealing the true purpose of the experiment and providing participants with information about the sponsor of the experiment. It may also involve a question-and-answer session to address any concerns or questions the participants may have. Desensitizing, sanitizing, follow-up, and restoration do not accurately describe this process.

Question 2

John has just completed participating in an experiment, and now the researcher is explaining the true purpose of the experiment as well as telling him who is the sponsor of the experiment. He is allowed to ask questions of the researcher at this point. John is receiving a _____.

Accepted Answer

John is receiving a debriefing, which is a process where a researcher explains the true purpose of an experiment to participants and allows them to ask questions. This is important for ethical considerations and to ensure participants fully understand their involvement in the study.

Question 3

A(n) _____performs a review of research using human participants, checking procedures to make sure all participants are treated ethically.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) _____performs a review of research using...

Question 4

All of the following are ethical obligations of the client EXCEPT _____.

Accepted Answer

Clients are not required to have as complete an understanding of the research as the researcher; their role is to utilize the research findings effectively, not to match the researcher's expertise.

Question 5

All of the following are ethical obligations of the research participant EXCEPT _____.

Accepted Answer

Technological competence is not an ethical obligation of the research participant. The other options (voluntary participation, faithful participation, honesty, and privacy) are all ethical obligations of research participants.

Question 6

_____ are preliminary questions that qualify participants as valid sample members.

Accepted Answer

Screening questions are used to validate participants as suitable for the study or research being conducted. They are designed to eliminate individuals who don't meet specific qualifications or criteria required for participation.

Question 7

Unethical actions usually result in a breakdown in responsibility during the research process. This usually means that business decisions will be based on untrustworthy information, which is potentially bad for _____.

Accepted Answer

Unethical actions and a breakdown in responsibility during the research process can have negative impacts on all parties involved, including customers, shareholders, and employees, as well as their families. Decisions based on untrustworthy information can lead to consequences such as decreased customer satisfaction, loss of shareholder value, and potential harm to employees and their families. Therefore, all of the above options are potentially impacted by unethical research practices.

Question 8

All of the following are key fundamentals laid out in the international code of practice developed by the European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research (ESOMAR) and the International Chamber of Commerce EXCEPT _____.

Accepted Answer

The key fundamentals laid out in the international code of practice developed by the European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research (ESOMAR) and the International Chamber of Commerce include conforming to relevant laws, taking special care when researching children and young people, behaving ethically, and not using personal data for any other purpose. The only option that is not included in the code is conducting research that involves any form of deception.

Question 9

A(n) _____ is a list of questions that can be useful in guiding decision making.

Accepted Answer

An ethics checklist is a list of questions designed to guide decision making, ensuring that ethical considerations are taken into account.

Question 10

Which of the following is a consideration when designing a strategy for obtaining access to research respondents?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are important considerations when designing a strategy for obtaining access to research respondents. The nature of the research question and adopted research design will dictate the type of respondents needed, which will influence the source(s) from which data is required. Gaining access to the source(s) can be a challenge, so a plan for collecting data should be developed that takes into account potential obstacles and how to overcome them. Therefore, all of the options listed are important considerations for designing a strategy to obtain access to research respondents.

Question 11

Which of the following is an obstacle to accessing key sources for data?

Accepted Answer

All of the above are obstacles to accessing key sources for data. Little or no opportunity of direct access to key informants can limit the researcher's ability to gather information, the overall impression formed of the researcher can affect the willingness of individuals to participate and provide information, lack of credibility and perceived value of the research can result in sources not wanting to participate, and the sensitive nature of research questions can deter individuals from providing information.

Question 12

All of the following should be included in a letter or presentation to potential participants to encourage participation EXCEPT _____.

Accepted Answer

The design of the research is often too technical and detailed for initial communications meant to encourage participation. It's more important to focus on the purpose, confidentiality, researcher's credentials, and the potential usefulness of the findings to engage potential participants.

Question 13

Business ethical standards are no longer an issue due to transparency in modern business activities.

Accepted Answer

Transparency can help identify ethical issues in business, but it does not eliminate the need for ethical standards. It is still crucial for businesses to have a code of ethics and to prioritize ethical behavior in their operations.

Question 14

Social responsibilities include concern for the way that the actions of a business can affect society or groups of people.

Accepted Answer

Social responsibilities require a business to consider the impact of its actions on society, including the well-being of individuals and groups. This includes environmental impact, labor practices, community involvement, and ethical behavior.

Question 15

Market responsibility means a concern for making sure that products will not harm consumers and that prices are fair.

Accepted Answer

Market responsibility is the concept of ensuring that the products provided by a company are safe for the consumers and that they are priced fairly. This includes factors like ensuring that the products do not harm the environment, that they are ethically and sustainably produced, and that they meet customer needs and expectations.

Question 16

Researchers have a duty to act in a truthful and ethical manner with their study subjects.

Accepted Answer

Researchers are responsible for maintaining the privacy, autonomy, and well-being of their study participants, as well as ensuring the accuracy and honesty of their research findings. These ethical considerations are crucial for maintaining the integrity of the scientific community and protecting the rights of research subjects.

Question 17

Researchers have the luxury of choosing how to report data - either at a personal, identifiable level or at an aggregated, anonymized level.

Accepted Answer

Researchers must adhere to ethical guidelines and privacy laws, which often require data to be reported in an aggregated, anonymized form to protect individuals' privacy and confidentiality.

Question 18

An Institutional Review Board (IRB) only has the power to approve an initial research project.

Accepted Answer

An IRB has the power to approve, require modifications in, or disapprove all research activities that fall within their jurisdiction, including initial projects as well as ongoing reviews of continuing projects.

Question 19

Research study participants do not have a responsibility to be truthful in their answers during a study.

Accepted Answer

Research study participants have a responsibility to be truthful in their answers during a study to ensure the validity and reliability of the research findings. If participants provide false information, it can negatively impact the results and potentially harm the study's overall objectives. As such, participants should be encouraged to answer truthfully and should not fear negative consequences for doing so.

Question 20

Ethics checklists can be useful in helping with decision making.

Accepted Answer

Ethics checklists provide a structured approach to evaluating ethical considerations and can help individuals make well-informed decisions.

Quiz 3: Ethics in Business Research