Question 1

Noncovalent molecular interactions occur between many different biomolecules and often involve proteins.Give an example of such an interaction and what the function might be.

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Question 2

While every level of a protein's structure is important to the function of that protein, which level of structure is most important to the function of enzymes, and why?

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Question 3

Explain the polar character of an ammonia molecule (NH₃).What is the cause of the partial charges? What is the overall charge for NH₃?

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Question 4

You are a student intern in the research and development department of a pharmaceutical company.You have discovered a compound that destroys the common cold virus in cultured human cells.Chemical characterization reveals that carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are present, in a 20:40:4 ratio of C:H:O.Which chemical class is this compound? Experiments in rats show that neither oral nor injectable treatment with the compound was effective in destroying the virus.Discuss some possible reasons for this lack of effectiveness.

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Question 5

Proteins are described as having different levels of structure.List and distinguish between the level(s)that produce a linear shape vs.a globular shape, and explain why one of those levels can result in either a linear or globular shape.

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Question 6

Sally does not understand the differences between ions, isotopes, and free radicals.Assuming she has learned and understood some basic chemistry, what is the likely source of her confusion? Review the definitions of these terms, then make a table or flow chart to help her sort this out.

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Question 7

Ahmed is trying to memorize chemical structures of every compound his professor has indicated are important to the human body.Explain to him that an easier way is to memorize a few rules of chemical bonding and then figure out the structure of the important compounds, especially the simpler compounds.

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Question 8

What are functional groups? List the most common functional groups found in biological molecules.

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Question 9

Describe what happens to NaCl when placed in water.

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Question 10

Your roommate is not a science major but is interested in science and asks you to verify a rumor he has heard: it is theoretically possible for two people to walk through each other without causing harm.Confirm or refute what he has heard, and explain.

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Question 11

If the dissociation constant of a protein is less than one (Kd < 1), what can you conclude about the affinity of the protein for the ligand?

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Question 12

Stanley is confused on the similarities and differences between proteins and nucleic acids.Assuming he has learned and understood the basic chemistry, what is the likely source of his confusion? To help him sort this out, make a table or flow chart to explain the structure of these molecules and their relationship to each other.

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Question 13

Your swimming buddy, Mario, jumped into a pool parallel to the water surface.When he stood up, he yelled "ouch," and you noticed that the skin on his chest and belly looked red and irritated.How would you describe the properties of water to explain to Mario why this happened? Why doesn't it hurt when pool water is penetrated perpendicular to the surface, as with a hands-first or feet-first dive?

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Question 14

Define polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonding.Which of these bonds involves more than one molecule? Which of these bonds is/are important in determining the properties of water? Explain.

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Question 15

How many grams of glucose, molecular mass = 180 Daltons, is necessary to make 1 liter of a 1.0 molar solution?

Accepted Answer

A 1.0 molar solution means 1 mole of solute per liter of solution. Since the molecular mass of glucose is 180 Daltons, 1 mole of glucose weighs 180 grams.

Question 16

Lipids are considered hydrophobic because they easily dissolve in water.If True what allows them to dissolve in water or if not, what is it about their molecular structure that makes them less likely to dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are considered hydrophobic because they have an even distribution of electrons and no positive or negative poles.Thus, nonpolar molecules have no regions of partial charge, and therefore tend to repel water molecules.

Question 17

You are helping your dad prepare food in the kitchen.Dad has a tablespoon of water in one hand and a tablespoon of vegetable oil in the other, when he trips over the rug and spills both spoons on the countertop.Dad notices that the oil forms a thin film on the countertop, whereas spilled water forms smaller, taller beads.How should you explain the different behavior of these liquids to your dad?

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Question 18

A 5 M solution of 100 mL of glucose contains how many grams of glucose, molecular mass = 180 Daltons?

Accepted Answer

To calculate the number of grams of glucose in 100 mL of a 5 M solution, we first need to convert Molarity to moles per liter:

5 M = 5 mol/L

Then, we can calculate the number of moles in 100 mL (0.1 L) of this solution:

moles = Molarity x volume = 5 mol/L x 0.1 L = 0.5 moles

Finally, we can convert moles to grams using the molecular weight of glucose (180 g/mol):

grams = moles x molecular weight = 0.5 moles x 180 g/mol = 90 grams

Therefore, the answer is C) 90.

Question 19

Water striders are insects that literally walk on water.These insects are frequently found living on ponds.If hydrogen bonds did not exist, how would this affect the life of water striders?

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Question 20

Ionic bonds are considered to be strong chemical bonds.Yet, ions dissociate in water.Explain this apparent contradiction.

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Quiz 2: Molecular Interactions