Question 1

Moral panics are often caused by a slow build up of societal change.

Accepted Answer

Moral panics are typically triggered by events or situations that are perceived as sudden threats to societal norms and values, rather than by a slow build-up of societal change. They often involve media amplification and public anxiety.

Question 2

What is the role of the police in deviancy amplification?

Accepted Answer

In the case of drug use an example is the moral panic in London in the mid to late 1960s that encouraged an increase in police action, fuelled by harsh sentences, to marijuana use. As a result, drug taking becomes more secretive, the price of drugs rises, the gains to be made increase and organised crime becomes involved.

Question 3

Are there any conclusions about whether watching violence on television alters behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Livingstone repeats the oft-quoted observation by Schramm et al. (1961: 11):For some children, under some conditions, some television is harmful. For some children under the same conditions, or for the same children under other conditions, it may be beneficial. For most children, under most conditions, most television is probably neither particularly harmful nor particularly beneficial.However, she then (2000: 315) goes on to say that 'bland and cautious conclusions … do not satisfy the strength of public feeling on the issue' and notes that this strength of feeling may well be related to the generalised desire for childhood to be a time of relative innocence - an uncontaminated private sphere.

Question 4

Another approach to the influence of the media is to suggest 'crime news as cultural conflict'. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

One approach to the influence of the media is 'crime news as hegemony in action'. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

How did the media play a role in the development of 'police fetishism'?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

What are the possible answers to questions about the relationship between viewing and aggression?

Accepted Answer

The relationship between viewing and aggression can be explained through selective exposure (A), where more aggressive individuals might choose more violent content, the hypothesis that violent programs can increase aggression in viewers (B), and the idea that certain social circumstances can both increase aggression and lead to a preference for more violent television (D). C is not directly related to the relationship between viewing and aggression.

Question 8

Two major approaches to the possible effects of the media have emerged since the Second World War, these are:

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism and mass society approaches are the two major approaches to the possible effects of the media that have emerged since the Second World War. Behaviorism focuses on the observable effects of media on individuals' behavior, while mass society theory suggests that media has a direct and powerful influence on society at large.

Question 9

Why are some crimes deemed newsworthy?

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Under what circumstances might the police- media relationship become tense or problematic?

Accepted Answer

If the press begins to publish more negative stories about the police, it can damage the reputation of the police department and lead to a strained relationship between law enforcement and the media. This can lead to a lack of trust and cooperation, making it more difficult for the police to do their job effectively. Additionally, if the press feels that the police are withholding information or not being transparent, it can lead to tension and conflict in the relationship.

Question 11

Primary definers of social events are:

Accepted Answer

People in powerful and privileged positions, such as the police, often act as primary definers of social events because they have the authority and influence to shape public perception and discourse.

Question 12

What is a 'moral panic'?

Accepted Answer

A 'moral panic' is a rapid build up of public concern or fear over a perceived threat to social order or values. It often involves exaggerated or sensationalized media coverage and can lead to social and political responses that may be disproportionate to the actual threat.

Question 13

Why is it argued that the media increase fear of crime?

Accepted Answer

Media often presents crime in a way that exaggerates its prevalence and severity, leading to a distorted perception of reality and an increased fear of crime among the public.

Question 14

If violent crime makes up made up one-quarter of all crime stories in the 'quality press' and 46 per cent in the 'popular press' what percentage is of notifiable crime is violence against the person?

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Question 15

The recently-formed Serious and Organised Crime Agency (SOCA) is totally responsible for the policing of cybercrime.

Accepted Answer

Although the Serious and Organised Crime Agency (SOCA) was formed to tackle serious and organized crime, including cybercrime, it was replaced by the National Crime Agency (NCA) in 2013, which now has primary responsibility for tackling cybercrime in the UK.

Question 16

It has been argued that although the arrival of any new media is often greeted with concern or moral panic, none has generated as much as the internet.

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that the internet has generated more concern or moral panic than any other new media, implying that it has generated more than others.

Question 17

Secondary definers are the police, who can speak as 'accredited sources' to journalists.

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

What are the four primary categories of cybercrime defined by Wall (2001)?

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Quiz 4: Crime and the Media