Five Possible Definitions of Leadership Were Discussed in Chapter 1

Five possible definitions of leadership were discussed in Chapter 1. Definitions of leadership can focus on the end results, the means to get things done, the spirit in which it is conducted, alignment with external needs or a combination of all. Which of the following emphasizes the spirit in which it is conducted?

A) Administrative leadership is the process of providing the results required by authorized systems in an efficient, effective, and legal manner.
B) Administrative leadership is the process of developing/supporting followers who provide the results.
C) Administrative leadership is the process of aligning the organization with its environment, especially the necessary macrolevel changes, and realigning the organizational culture as appropriate.
D) The key element to administrative leadership is its service focus in which leaders are dedicated to responsiveness, openness, and the common good.