Question 1

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the difference between accuracy and precision in measurements?
I. Precision is a measure of how close an experimental value is to the dependent variable.
II. Accuracy is a measure of how close an experimental value is to the expected value.
III. Precision is a measure of how close a series of experimental values are to each other.
IV. Accuracy is a measure of how close an experimental value is to the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

Statements II and III are the definitions of accuracy and precision. Neither accuracy nor precision relies on the dependent or the independent variables.

Question 2

A patient has a Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Of the following drugs, which should be avoided in this patient?

Accepted Answer

Quinolones should be avoided in patients with G6PD deficiency. The enzyme is found in red blood cells and protects against oxidative stress. African Americans have some of the highest rates of polymorphisms. There is no contraindication for the other listed agents.

Question 3

Which of the following is a common anti-emetic used as an adjunct in chemotherapy AND is a 5HT3 receptor antagonist?

Accepted Answer

Ondansetron (Zofran) is a 5HT3 antagonist. All of the listed drugs are used as anti-emetics in oncology. Aprepitant (Emend) is a neurokinin-1 antagonist. Metoclopramide (Reglan, Metazol, Octamide) is a dopamine-2 antagonist.

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE of HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)?
I. One purpose was to improve the Medicare and Medicaid programs
II. It is enforced by the Office of Civil Rights
III. HIPAA regulations apply to electronic healthcare transactions
IV. HIPAA addresses privacy issues as one of its primary goals.

Accepted Answer

All the statements are true.

Question 5

Which of the following can induce a photoreaction in a sensitive individual?
I. Chlorthiazide
II. Oxaprozin
III. Tretinoin
IV. Hydroxyurea

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyurea does not induce photosensitivity in sensitive individuals, though it may produce various skin reactions. The others listed all are known photosensitizing agents.

Question 6

Rivastigmine is a(n) ____________ used to treat __________ and rarely has the adverse effect of inducing ____________.

Accepted Answer

Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat AD. A rare adverse effect is anxiety and tremor.

Question 7

Which of the following drugs is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

Etanercept is an immunomodulator used to treat moderate to severe RA and ankylosing spondylitis. In comes as an injuection. Tolcapone is a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor and is used to treat Parkinson's disease. Topiramate blocks voltage dependent Na+ channels and is used as an anti-seizure medication. Risdronate is a bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis.

Question 8

Which of the following is not likely to be used in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

Iron sucrose is used as an intravenous treatment of iron deficiency anemia. The other drug/delivery systems are correct; ferrous sulfate is the only oral preparation listed for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.

Question 9

Which of the following is FALSE concerning the use of NSAIDs for pain management?

Accepted Answer

NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandins via the cyclo-oxygenase pathway; therefore statement B is false. All other statements are true.

Question 10

What does the "B" in the chemotherapeutic combination, ABVD represent?

Accepted Answer

The "B" in the gold-standard antineoplastic combination ABVD is for bleomycin. The other drugs in the combination are Adriamycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine. Baclofen is a SM relaxant. Bivalirudin is an anticoagulant. Buspirone is an anxiolytic.

Question 11

Imuran is used as an immunosuppressant to prevent kidney transplant rejection. Which of the following should be monitored in a patient on Imuran?
I. Amylase and lipase levels
II. Liver Function Tests (LFTs)
III. CBC with differential
IV. Creatine phosphokinase levels

Accepted Answer

Patients on Imuran (azathiaprine) should be monitored for pancreatic enzyme levels (amylase and lipase), LFTs and CBCs. The most common adverse reactions include blood dyscrasias, serum sickness and hepatotoxicity.

Question 12

Which of the following drugs is used to treat tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Pyrazinamide, a niacinamide derivative, is used to treat tuberculosis. Celcoxib is marketed as Celebrex and is a non-steroidal COX-s inhibitor used to treat OA and RA. Propoxyphene, marketed as Darvon, is a non-opioid analgesic.

Question 13

For the following chemotherapeutic agents, determine the INCORRECT combination of agent/mechanism of action.
I. Olanzapine/ Dopamine and Serotonin-2 receptor antagonist
II. Paclitaxel/anti-mitotic
III. Pindolol/ beta-adrenergic antagonist
IV. Donepezil/alkylating agent

Accepted Answer

In choices I, II and III, the drugs are correctly paired with the mechanism of action. Donepazil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to treat Alzheimer's disease.

Question 14

Which of the following are anti-arrhythmics?

Accepted Answer

None of the agents listed are anti-arrhythmic agents. Ondansetron (Zofran) is a 5HT3 antagonist. Filgrastim (Neupogen) is a leukocyte colony stimulating factor. Zolpidem (Ambien) is a sedative-hypnotic agent.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true concerning Cholecalciferol?

Accepted Answer

Cholecalciferol is another term for Vitamin D3. It is contraindicated in cases of hypercalcemia. Thromboembolic events are not associated with Vitamin D use.

Question 16

Of the following medications, which is the only neuromuscular blocker?

Accepted Answer

Botulinum toxin A (Botox) is the only neuromuscular blocker and is non-depolarizing. Oxcabazepine (Oxetal) is a mood stabilizer and anti-convulsant and blocks voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) is a benzodiazepine anxiolytic that binds to GABA receptors, potentiating its effects. Finasteride (Proscar, Propecia, Fincar, Finpecia, Finax, Finast, Finara, Finalo, Prosteride, Gefina, Appecia) is an androgen inhibitor used in BPH and male-pattern baldness.

Question 17

A 23-year-old female patient has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Which of the following would be the best therapeutic approach?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is most often treated with mood stabiliziers such as lithium or lamotrigine. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic/neuroleptic with partial agonist activity at D2 and 5HT-1A receptors. Azothiaprine is an anti-rheumatic disease-modifying agent. Zoledronic acid is a calcium regulator, but it is not used in the treatment of bipolar disorder.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an atypical antipsychotic?

Accepted Answer

Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant and not an antipsychotic. All the other drugs listed are considered atypical antipsychotics.

Question 19

Which of the following are TRUE sign/symptoms/complications of anemia of chronic kidney disease?
I. Red blood cells are macrocytic and the MCV (mean corpuscular volume) is normal.
II. The hematocrit is low, usually less than 30.
III. The red blood cells are normocytic and normochromic.
IV. Fatigue, irritability, sore tongue, shortness of breath and weakness are all common symptoms.

Accepted Answer

In the anemia of chronic kidney disease, the red blood cells are NOT macrocytic, but are normocytic-of normal size. This would also mean a normal MCV. Statements II, III and IV are true for anemia of chronic kidney disease.

Question 20

Which of the following is a brand name for irbesartan?

Accepted Answer

Avapro is the brand name for irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (antihypertensive). Nimotop is the brand name for mimodipine, a calcium channel blocker (antihypertensive). Plendil (felodipine) is also a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension. Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine) is an antimalarial drug also used to treat systemic lupus erythematosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Quiz 5: Pharmacological