Question 1

What type of fixative is commonly used for amino acid histochemistry?
A)Formaldehyde vapor
B)Alcoholic fixative
C)Baker's formol calcium
D)Acetone

Accepted Answer

Formaldehyde vapor
The type of fixative that is commonly used for amino acid histochemistry is the formaldehyde vapor. This is because formaldehyde vapor best preserves proteins. Other choices are not ideally used to fix proteins and amino acids.

Question 2

This is a very basic fixative made up of 40% saturated formaldehyde attenuated to 10% with 10% NaCl. What is this type of fixative?
A)Gendre's fixative
B)Formal-Sublimate
C)Glutaraldehyde
D)10% formol-Saline

Accepted Answer

10% Formol-Saline
The very basic fixative that is made up of 40% saturated formaldehyde attenuated to 10% with 10% NaCl is 10% formol-saline. This is a basic fixative that only contains 10% NaCl. Other choices do not reflect the dilution stated in the question.

Question 3

What is this type of metallic fixative that produces black precipitates?
A)Mercuric chloride
B)Chromate fixative
C)Lead fixative
D)Heidenhain's Susa

Accepted Answer

Mercuric Chloride
The type of metallic fixative that produces black precipitates is Mercuric chloride. These black precipitates are deposits of mercury. Other fixatives in the choices do not produce this black precipitate.

Question 4

What type of Mercuric chloride fixative is added with glacial acetic acid to avoid dark precipitate development?
A)Zenker's Fluid
B)B-5 fixative
C)Muller's fluid
D)Heidenhain's Susa

Accepted Answer

Zenker's Fluid
The type of Mercuric chloride fixative that is added with glacial acetic acid to avoid dark precipitate development is the Zenker's Fluid. This is prepared with a Mercuric chloride stock solution and is added with glacial acetic acid before it is used for fixation to avoid the development of dark precipitates.

Question 5

This type of picric acid fixative is recommended for the preservation of embryos and pituitary biopsies.
A)Bouin's solution
B)Brasil's Alcoholic picroformol
C)Glacial acetic acid
D)Carnoy's fluid

Accepted Answer

Bouin's solution
The type of picric acid fixative that is recommended for the preservation of embryos and pituitary biopsies is the Bouin's solution. Glacial acetic acid and Carnoy's fluid are not picric acid fixatives while Brasil's Alcoholic picroformol is a picric acid fixative but not recommended for preservation of embryos and pituitary biopsies but rather for glycogen fixation.

Question 6

It is a type of fixative that is ideal for small tissue fragments and must be used in higher concentrations to better fix the sample. What is this type of fixative?
A)Alcohol
B)Acids
C)Aldehydes
D)Metallic fixatives

Accepted Answer

Alcohol
The type of fixatives that is ideal for small tissue fragments and must be used in higher concentrations to better fix the sample is alcohol. Alcohol is only ideal for small tissue samples and smears because it cannot penetrate the thick samples. Also, it is used in higher concentrations ranging from 70% up to 100%. Decreased concentrations of alcohol will cause cell distortion. Other options do not reflect the characteristics being described in the question.

Question 7

This type of fixation is usually done using thermal coagulation, which is suitable for frozen tissue sections and for the preparation of bacteriological smears?
A)Absolute alcohol fixation
B)Metallic fixation
C)Heat fixation
D)Acid fixation

Accepted Answer

Heat fixation
Heat fixation is the type of fixation that is usually done using thermal coagulation, which is suitable for frozen tissue sections and for preparation of bacteriological smears. In this question, absolute alcohol can be used as fixative for frozen tissue samples but not with bacteriological smears. Other choices are incorrect.

Question 8

This fixative is preferred for the preservation of chromosomes, lymph glands and urgent biopsies, as well as to preserve brain tissue for the identification of rabies.
A)Carnoy's Fluid
B)100% Methyl alcohol
C)Bouin's Solution
D)Muller's Fluid

Accepted Answer

Carnoy's Fluid
Carnoy's fluid is the fixative that is preferred for the preservation of chromosomes, lymph glands and urgent biopsies, as well as to preserve brain tissue for the identification of rabies. Carnoy's fluid is a fast acting fixative and maybe used for immediate biopsy specimens for processing within 5 hours. It is very suitable for small tissue fragments and after fixation, tissues maybe transferred directly to absolute alcohol, thereby decreasing the time it takes to process the sample. Other options do not accurately fit the description in the question.

Question 9

Among the choices below, which of the following fixatives is preferred for the preservation of mucopolysaccharides and nuclear proteins?
A)Carnoy's Fluid
B)100% Methyl Alcohol
C)Newcomer's Fluid
D)Bouin's Solution

Accepted Answer

Newcomer's Fluid
Among the choices above, the preferred fixative for the preservation of mucopolysaccharides and nuclear proteins is the Newcomer's Fluid. It generates an improved reaction with Feulgen stain and also functions as a nuclear and histochemical fixative. Other options are not preferred for the preservation of mucopolysaccharides and nuclear proteins.

Question 10

This fixative is made up of chromic and osmic acid, suggested for cytoplasmic structures particularly the mitochondria. Which of the following choices below best describes the statement above?
A)Flemming's solution
B)Trichloroacetic acid
C)Bouin's Solution
D)Muller's Fluid

Accepted Answer

Flemming's solution
The fixative that is made up of chromic and osmic acid, suggested for cytoplasmic structures particularly the mitochondria is the Flemmning's solution. This is the most basic chrome-osmium acetic acid fixative used. Other choices do not accurately reflect the description in the question stated above.

Question 11

This type of fixative is preferred for the diagnosis of early degenerative processes and tissue necrosis.
A)Muller's Fluid
B)Orth's Fluid
C)Heidenhain's Susa
D)Zenker-formol

Accepted Answer

Orth's Fluid
The type of fixative that is preferred for the diagnosis of early degenerative processes and tissue necrosis is Orth's Fluid. It is able to significantly improve fixation of myelin compared to using buffered formalin. The other choices do not describe the statement above.

Question 12

This is type of fixative is usually incorporated with other fixatives to form a compound solution. This hardens at 17 degree Celsius. What type of fixative is this?
A)Alcohol
B)Glacial acetic acid
C)Carnoy's Fluid
D)Muller's Solution

Accepted Answer

Glacial acetic acid
The type of fixative that is usually incorporated with other fixatives to form a compound solution and hardens at 17 degree Celsius is Glacial acetic acid. That is why it is named as glacial due to its ability to harden at a low temperature. Other choices do not fit the property stated in the question.

Question 13

This type of fixative is ideal for the diagnosis of water diffusible enzymes especially phosphatases and lipase but produces unavoidable shrinkage and deformation.
A)Alcohol
B)Acetone
C)Heat
D)Acid

Accepted Answer

Acetone
The type of fixative that is ideal for the diagnosis of water diffusible enzymes especially phosphatases and lipase but make unavoidable shrinkage and deformation is Acetone. Other choices do not describe the statement above.

Question 14

This is also the fixative of choice for the preservation of brain tissue for the diagnosis of rabies. Which among the choices below is described by the statement above?
A)Heat fixation
B)Alcohol
C)10% formol-saline
D)Acetone

Accepted Answer

Acetone
The fixative of choice for the preservation of brain tissue for the diagnosis of rabies among the choices above is Acetone. Brain specimen is very delicate and cannot be preserved with fixatives that have strong properties. Acetone is the suited fixative for it preserves better the brain as well as the rabies virus contained in the brain tissue.

Question 15

Which of the following is the fixative of choice for fixing brain tissue?
A)Acetone
B)Alcohol
C)Carnoy's Fluid
D)Both A and C

Accepted Answer

Both A and C
The fixatives of choice for fixing brain tissue are both Acetone and Carnoy's Fluid. These are excellent fixatives for brain tissue because of their fast acting preservation of brain tissue. Alcohol is not the choice for fixing brain tissue because alcohol is only ideal for small tissue fragments.

Question 16

A histotechnician receives a sample of bone marrow for biopsy. What fixative of choice is suitable for bone marrow preservation?
A)Alcohol
B)B-5 fixative
C)Carnoy's fluid
D)Orth's fluid

Accepted Answer

B-5 fixative
The fixative of choice that is suitable for bone marrow preservation is B-5 fixative. It is a fast acting fixative that is able to fix the bone marrow biopsy for 1 and a half hour. The other fixatives in the choices are not suitable for bone marrow preservation.

Question 17

It is an excellent fixative that is chiefly recommended for tumor biopsies especially of the skin.
A)Heidenhain's Susa Solution
B)Helly solution
C)B-5 Fixative
D)Zenker's Fluid

Accepted Answer

Heidenhain's susa Solution
Heidenhain's susa solution is an excellent fixative that is chiefly recommended for tumor biopsies especially of the skin. This is because the Heidenhain's susa solution allows simple sectioning of fibrous connective tissues. Other choices are not primarily recommended for skin tumor biopsies.

Question 18

All of the following choices below are the disadvantages of the formalin fixative, except:
A)Dermatitis on prolonged contact.
B)It may produce considerable shrinkage of the tissue.
C)Prolonged fixation may produce bleaching of the specimen and loss of natural tissue colors.
D)It evaporates quickly.

Accepted Answer

It evaporates quickly.
All of the following choices below are the disadvantages of Formalin fixative except for statement that it evaporates quickly. Formalin does not evaporate quickly because it is diluted with solutions that are not volatile like saline and phosphate as buffer.

Question 19

All of the following choices below are fixatives of choice for electron microscopy, except:
A)100% Methanol
B)Osmium Tetroxide
C)Glutaraldehyde
D)Paraformaldehyde

Accepted Answer

100% Methanol
All of the following choices above are fixatives of choice for electron microscopy except for 100% Methanol. Methanol penetrates the tissue gradually and might not penetrate the tissue deeper. It is only recommended for the preservation of dry and wet smears.

Question 20

It is the fixative of choice used to preserve touch preparations and for staining procedures of Wright- Giemsa.
A)Acetone
B)Formalin
C)Isopropyl alcohol
D)Osmic acid

Accepted Answer

Isopropyl Alcohol
The fixative of choice used to preserve touch preparations and for staining procedures of Wright- Giemsa is Isopropyl alcohol. The other choices are not the fixatives of choice for such procedures stated above.

Quiz 1: Fixation

What type of fixative is commonly used for amino acid histochemistry?

This is a very basic fixative made up of 40% saturated formaldehyde attenuated to 10% with 10% NaCl. What is this type of fixative?

What is this type of metallic fixative that produces black precipitates?

What type of Mercuric chloride fixative is added with glacial acetic acid to avoid dark precipitate development?

This type of picric acid fixative is recommended for the preservation of embryos and pituitary biopsies.

It is a type of fixative that is ideal for small tissue fragments and must be used in higher concentrations to better fix the sample. What is this type of fixative?

This type of fixation is usually done using thermal coagulation, which is suitable for frozen tissue sections and for the preparation of bacteriological smears?

This fixative is preferred for the preservation of chromosomes, lymph glands and urgent biopsies, as well as to preserve brain tissue for the identification of rabies.

Among the choices below, which of the following fixatives is preferred for the preservation of mucopolysaccharides and nuclear proteins?

This fixative is made up of chromic and osmic acid, suggested for cytoplasmic structures particularly the mitochondria. Which of the following choices below best describes the statement above?

This type of fixative is preferred for the diagnosis of early degenerative processes and tissue necrosis.

This is type of fixative is usually incorporated with other fixatives to form a compound solution. This hardens at 17 degree Celsius. What type of fixative is this?

This type of fixative is ideal for the diagnosis of water diffusible enzymes especially phosphatases and lipase but produces unavoidable shrinkage and deformation.

This is also the fixative of choice for the preservation of brain tissue for the diagnosis of rabies. Which among the choices below is described by the statement above?

Which of the following is the fixative of choice for fixing brain tissue?

A histotechnician receives a sample of bone marrow for biopsy. What fixative of choice is suitable for bone marrow preservation?

It is an excellent fixative that is chiefly recommended for tumor biopsies especially of the skin.

All of the following choices below are the disadvantages of the formalin fixative, except:

All of the following choices below are fixatives of choice for electron microscopy, except:

It is the fixative of choice used to preserve touch preparations and for staining procedures of Wright- Giemsa.