Question 1

Early nationalists supported __________. Localists supported __________.

Accepted Answer

Early nationalists supported a conservative agenda. Localists supported a liberal agenda. Likes Republicans and Democrats today, Localists and Nationalists were the names given to the political parties of the time. Nationalists supported the conservative agenda; Localists supported a liberal agenda.

Question 2

Federalism maintains the idea that our two major forms of government are both what?

Accepted Answer

Federalism maintains the idea that our two major forms of government are both sovereign. Federalism maintains the idea that our two major forms of government are both sovereign. This means that both state and local governments have separate powers, though they are not equal.

Question 3

What was federalism meant to do in the early days of the republic?

Accepted Answer

In the early days of the republic, federalism was meant to protect the liberties of the nation. In the early days of the republic, federalism was meant to protect the overall liberties of the nation. The layered design of the government was-and still is-designed to meet this goal.

Question 4

What caused major shifts in the scope of federalism?

Accepted Answer

Major shifts in the scope of federalism were caused by conflicts between republics and totalitarian nations, states failing to protect civil rights, and the failure of capitalist economies to avoid major collapses. Conflicts between republics and totalitarian nations, states failing to protect civil rights, and capitalist economies failing to avoid major collapses have all caused major shifts in the scope of federalism. States failed to protect civil rights during the changes brought on during the Civil War; Capitalist economies failed to avoid major collapses during the Great Depression; conflicts between republics and totalitarian nations occurred during the Cold War era.

Question 5

Why did early leaders like Madison fear "factions"?

Accepted Answer

Early leaders like Madison feared "factions" because they believed that factions would take control of regions and block minority groups. Madison and other early leaders of the American republic feared that political factions would take control of whole regions and block minority groups from wielding any political power or influence. Madison correctly predicted that regions and states would need a central government that would work to protect minorities of all kinds.

Question 6

How are the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments similar?

Accepted Answer

The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments are similar in that they all expanded the rights of African Americans residing in the United States. It would be a good idea to memorize most of the early Constitutional Amendments for your exam. Remember: the 13th Amendment abolished slavery, the 14th Amendment extended citizenship to African Americans and guaranteed due process and "equal protection under the law" to all people, and the 15th Amendment gave African American men the right to vote.

Question 7

How did the founders want to limit legislative powers?

Accepted Answer

The founders wanted to limit legislative powers by giving the executive the power to create independent agencies. In the years of the early American republic, the founders wanted to limit legislative powers by not letting them remove certain rights in normal times. These limitations were written into Article 1, Section 9 of the U.S. Constitution, which specifically states that Congress must not suspend writs of habeas corpus unless emergencies require it; that they may not pass bills of attainder or ex post facto laws; that they are prohibited from setting taxes without the use of a census, they may not use tax reports, and that they may not give preferential laws to ports or states; that they may not draw money from the Treasury funds without laws; and that they may not grant titles of nobility.

Question 8

Which of the following was written by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison in order to convince the states to ratify the Constitution?

Accepted Answer

John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison wrote The Federalist Papers in order to convince the states to ratify the Constitution. Jay, Hamilton, and Madison wrote The Federalist, also known as The Federalist Papers, to convince some states-namely Virginia, Rhode Island, North Carolina, and New York-to ratify the Constitution in 1787.

Question 9

Which of the following terms describes the system that was built into the U.S. Constitution in which the three branches of the government (executive, judicial, and legislative) have separate but equal powers that are limited and fully dependent upon each other?

Accepted Answer

Checks and balances is the system of separate but equal powers built into the U.S. Constitution for the three branches of government. The system of checks and balances-also known as separation of powers-was one of the most notable achievements of the Articles of Confederation in the U.S. Constitution. This system was put into place so that no one branch of the government exerts too much power and control over decision- and law-making.

Question 10

Which of the following does the term "New Federalism" refer to?

Accepted Answer

The term "New Federalism" refers to the conservative movement that is designed to return more power and control of money to the states. New Federalism is a conservative political philosophy focusing upon the transfer of certain powers from the federal government to the states. The primary objective of New Federalism, unlike that of the eighteenth-century political philosophy of Federalism, is the restoration to the states of the autonomy and power which they lost to the federal government after President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal and federal civil rights laws in the 1960s.

Question 11

The following concepts are mentioned in the Preamble to the Constitution: I. Establish Justice
II) Secure the blessing of education
III) Provide for the common defense
IV) Promote the general welfare
True or false?

Accepted Answer

False. The preamble does not mention securing the blessing of education. The Preamble to the Constitution mentions the establishment of justice, provision for the common defense, and the promotion of the general welfare. Education, while extremely important to the United States, is not explicitly mentioned. The line about securing blessings is mentioned in regard to liberty. This is the text to the Preamble:
We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Question 12

What is the idea that the Constitution was created by the states and so the states could, therefore, dissolve the Constitution at their will?

Accepted Answer

The Compact Theory is the idea that the Constitution was created by the states and the states may, therefore, dissolve the Constitution. The Compact Theory stated that the Constitution was created by the states and the states may, therefore, dissolve the Constitution, and make any federal law that happened to violate their state's interest "null and void." After the Tariff of Abominations was passed in 1828, South Carolina could, under the Compact Theory, declare the tariff unconstitutional.

Question 13

Of the following powers, which one is designated only to the national government?

Accepted Answer

The only one of these powers that is designated only to the national government is the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations.
Key Takeaway: Only the national government can regulate trade with foreign countries. Occasionally, if a foreign government is at odds with the United States government, the national government will forbid trade with the offending country (known as an embargo).

Question 14

What does the 22nd Amendment to the United States Constitution establish?

Accepted Answer

The 22nd Amendment to the United States Constitution limited presidents to serving two terms. The 22nd Amendment to the United States Constitution limited presidents to serving two presidential terms. This was passed in 1947, following Franklin D. Roosevelt having been elected to four consecutive terms as president. Before Roosevelt, presidential candidates limited themselves to serving two terms only by tradition. Many people were afraid that having presidents remain in office for longer than two terms would lead to large problems.

Question 15

"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed."
Which amendment of the United States Constitution is this from?

Accepted Answer

This text is from the 2nd Amendment of the United States Constitution. This is the text of the 2nd Amendment of the United States Constitution. In recent years, its interpretation has been a dividing factor. Today, many people support some for gun control, whiles others refer back to this amendment as their unequivocal right to arm themselves.

Question 16

Of the following, who has the responsibility, according to the Constitution, to create additional federal courts and assign the number of judges who will preside in them?

Accepted Answer

Congress has the responsibility to create additional federal courts and assign the number of judges who will preside in them. The power to create federal courts and to assign the number of judges who will preside in them is granted to Congress in the Constitution. If there were ever a movement to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court, that increase would have to be determined by Congress.

Question 17

Under the Articles of Confederation, where does the bulk of the power rest?

Accepted Answer

Under the Articles of Confederation, the bulk of the power rests with the state legislatures. The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, customarily referred to as the Articles of Confederation, was the first constitution of the United States of America and legally established the union of the states. Under the Articles, states retained sovereignty over all governmental functions not specifically relinquished to the central government. This meant that the bulk of governmental power remained within individual state legislatures, not the federal legislature.

Question 18

The term "establishment clause" refers which portion of the United States Constitution?

Accepted Answer

The term "establishment clause" refers to the portion of the United States Constitution that states that Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion (the 1st Amendment). The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment refers to the first of several pronouncements in the United States Constitution, stating that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion." Together with the Free Exercise Clause, these two clauses make up what are commonly known as the "religion clauses" of the First Amendment.

Question 19

What is it called when two or more governments share power over the same area and people?

Accepted Answer

Federalism is the idea that two or more governments are both sovereign over a certain geographic area. That means both governments are ultimately in charge of some things. In the United States, this division is between the federal government and the state governments. The federal government is in charge of some things such as international relations, and state governments are in charge of other things such as education.

Question 20

Under which model of federalism do national and regional governments remain supreme within their own set of duties?

Accepted Answer

Under dual federalism, often called "layer cake federalism," there is a strict barrier between what the central (national) government is supposed to do and what the regional (state) governments are supposed to do. Most scholars agree that while the United States operated on more of a dual federalism model in the beginning, it is no longer the case. There is too much overlap between governmental entities. For example, even though education is technically under the authority of the states, the federal government, through funding initiatives, now has tremendous influence over how education is administered.

Quiz 41: (AP) Us Government: Constitution

Early nationalists supported . Localists supported .