When the law-writing, law-enforcing, and law-judging functions of government are practiced by different parts of the government, it is called:

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The concept of separation of powers is simply the idea that different parts of government are in charge of different things. In the United States, Congress is in charge of writing laws, the executive branch under the president is in charge of enforcing those laws, and the judiciary branch is in charge of interpreting the laws. If the US had a pure separation of powers system, then these boundaries would be strictly enforced. Since it has a checks and balances system, though, the boundaries are not strictly enforced.

When the Law-Writing, Law-Enforcing, and Law-Judging Functions of Government Are