Question 1

All of the following drugs exhibit flow dependent elimination EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Atenolol exhibits flow independent elimination, meaning its elimination is not significantly affected by changes in blood flow. Drugs with flow dependent elimination, like Isoniazid, Propoxyphene, Amitriptyline, and Lignocaine, are significantly affected by changes in blood flow, particularly liver blood flow, as their metabolism is largely determined by the rate at which they are delivered to the organ responsible for their metabolism.

Question 2

Which of the following undergoes a phase I hydrolysis reaction? (biotransformation)

Accepted Answer

Lignocaine undergoes phase I hydrolysis as part of its metabolic biotransformation process.

Question 3

Which of the following undergoes acetylation in the liver? (Phase 2 biotransformation)

Accepted Answer

Isoniazid undergoes acetylation in the liver as part of its phase 2 biotransformation process.

Question 4

A D Response B C Concentration Which of these drugs is the most efficacious?

Accepted Answer

Efficacy refers to the maximum effect that a drug can produce, regardless of dose. The question does not provide specific data, but based on the options given, the correct answer would involve the drugs that, when combined or considered individually, are implied to have the highest maximum effect. Since the question format and content do not specify details about the drugs' effects, the answer is inferred based on the options provided, suggesting that Drugs A and D together are considered the most efficacious.

Question 5

EC50 is

Accepted Answer

EC50 refers to the concentration of a drug that produces 50% of its maximal effect, not necessarily related to the percentage of receptors bound.

Question 6

Which of the following will NOT alter the volume of distribution of a drug?

Accepted Answer

Clearance affects the rate at which a drug is removed from the body, not the volume of distribution. The volume of distribution is influenced by factors related to how the drug distributes in body compartments, such as body composition and the presence of barriers to distribution, not by how quickly the drug is eliminated.

Question 7

Volume of distribution equals

Accepted Answer

The volume of distribution is defined as the total amount of drug in the body divided by the plasma concentration. This parameter helps in understanding how extensively a drug is distributed throughout the body tissues.

Question 8

Which of the following drugs undergoes rate limited elimination?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following drugs undergoes rate...

Question 9

Ligand gated channel receptors include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Ligand-gated channel receptors, also known as ionotropic receptors, are directly activated by neurotransmitters to allow ions to pass through the membrane. GABA, aspartate, glycine, and glutamate receptors are all examples of ligand-gated channels. Ach-muscarinic receptors, however, are G-protein coupled receptors, not ligand-gated channels, making them the exception in this list.

Question 10

Regarding receptor regulation

Accepted Answer

Receptor down regulation typically occurs over a period of hours to days as a response to prolonged exposure to an agonist.

Question 11

Which of the following acts on intracellular receptors

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroids act on intracellular receptors, where they bind to glucocorticoid receptors in the cytoplasm, then translocate to the nucleus to modulate gene expression.

Question 12

Which of the following has ? bioavailability in the neonate when compared with older children/adults?

Accepted Answer

Neonates have increased gastric pH, which can lead to increased bioavailability of acid-labile drugs like penicillin.

Question 13

First order kinetics

Accepted Answer

The answer of First order kinetics
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Question 14

A single compartment model means that

Accepted Answer

A single compartment model assumes that the drug distributes uniformly throughout the body and its concentration decreases exponentially over time, which is described by one exponential term.

Quiz 2: Drug Elimination, Biotransformation, Receptor Regulation, and Kinetics