Question 1

_____________ is the effect caused by the use of an insufficient number of intensity levels in smooth areas of a digital image.
A)gaussian smooth
B)contouring
C)false contouring
D)interpolation

Accepted Answer

False contouring is the effect caused by the use of an insufficient number of intensity levels in smooth areas of a digital image, leading to visible bands or contours instead of a smooth gradient.

Question 2

The process of using known data to estimate values at unknown locations is called
A)acquisition
B)interpolation
C)pixelation
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Interpolation is the process of estimating unknown values that fall between known values. In various fields such as mathematics, science, and computer graphics, interpolation is used to predict and estimate data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an application of Image Multiplication?
A)shading correction
B)masking
C)pixelation
D)region of interest operations

Accepted Answer

Image multiplication is used in various image processing tasks such as shading correction, masking, and region of interest operations. However, pixelation, which refers to the effect where an image appears as if it is made up of large, visible pixels, is not an application of image multiplication. Pixelation is typically a result of enlarging an image without increasing its resolution or as a deliberate stylistic effect, rather than a process involving the multiplication of images.

Question 4

The procedure done on a digital image to alter the values of its individual pixels is
A)neighbourhood operations
B)image registration
C)geometric spacial transformation
D)single pixel operation

Accepted Answer

Single pixel operations, also known as point operations, involve altering the values of individual pixels in an image independently of their neighbors. This can include adjustments to brightness, contrast, or color balance, among others.

Question 5

In Geometric Spacial Transformation, points whose locations are known precisely in input and reference images.
A)tie points
B)key-points
C)known points

Accepted Answer

Tie points are points whose locations are known precisely in both the input and reference images, used in geometric spatial transformations to align and calibrate images.

Question 6

A continuous image is digitised at _______ points.
A)random
B)vertex
C)contour
D)sampling

Accepted Answer

Digitising a continuous image at specific points is referred to as sampling. This process involves measuring the image intensity at regular intervals to convert it into a digital form.

Question 7

The transition between continuous values of the image function and its digital equivalent is called ______________
A)quantisation
B)sampling
C)rasterisation
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Quantisation is the process of mapping a large (often continuous) set of values to a countable smaller set, such as rounding values to some unit of precision. In the context of digital imaging, it refers to the process of converting the continuous range of pixel values (brightness, color intensities) into a finite number of discrete levels.

Question 8

Images quantised with insufficient brightness levels will lead to the occurrence of ____________
A)pixillation
B)blurring
C)false contours
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Images quantised with insufficient brightness levels lead to the occurrence of false contours, which are abrupt changes in brightness that do not actually exist in the scene, giving a banded appearance to the image.

Question 9

The smallest discernible change in intensity level is called ____________
A)intensity resolution
B)contour
C)saturation
D)contrast

Accepted Answer

Intensity resolution refers to the smallest discernible change in intensity level that can be detected or distinguished.

Question 10

What is the tool used in tasks such as zooming, shrinking, rotating, etc.?
A)sampling
B)interpolation
C)filters
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Interpolation is the tool used in tasks such as zooming, shrinking, rotating, etc., as it involves estimating intermediate values within a set of known data points.

Question 11

The type of Interpolation where for each new location the intensity of the immediate pixel is assigned is ___________
A)bicubic interpolation
B)cubic interpolation
C)bilinear interpolation
D)nearest neighbour interpolation

Accepted Answer

Nearest neighbor interpolation assigns the value (or intensity) of the closest pixel to the new location, making it the simplest form of interpolation. This method does not consider the values of neighboring pixels, leading to a blocky or pixelated image when upscaled.

Question 12

The type of Interpolation where the intensity of the FOUR neighbouring pixels is used to obtain intensity a new location is called ___________
A)cubic interpolation
B)nearest neighbour interpolation
C)bilinear interpolation
D)bicubic interpolation

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of Interpolation where the intensity...

Question 13

Dynamic range of imaging system is a ratio where the upper limit is determined by
A)saturation
B)noise
C)brightness
D)contrast

Accepted Answer

The dynamic range of an imaging system is the ratio of the largest (brightest) signal that a system can record to the smallest (darkest) signal it can record. The upper limit is determined by saturation, which is the point at which the sensor or medium can no longer increase its response to light, leading to a loss of detail in the brightest parts of the image.

Question 14

For Dynamic range ratio the lower limit is determined by
A)saturation
B)brightness
C)noise
D)contrast

Accepted Answer

The lower limit of the dynamic range ratio is determined by noise, as it represents the smallest signal that can be distinguished from the background noise.

Question 15

Quantitatively, spatial resolution cannot be represented in which of the following ways
A)line pairs
B)pixels
C)dots
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Spatial resolution can be quantitatively represented in various ways, including line pairs, pixels, and dots, making all the mentioned options valid representations.

Question 16

In 4-neighbours of a pixel p, how far are each of the neighbours located from p?
A)one pixel apart
B)four pixels apart
C)alternating pixels
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

In a 4-neighbors configuration, each of the neighbors is located one pixel apart from the central pixel p, directly to the north, south, east, or west of it.

Question 17

If S is a subset of pixels, pixels p and q are said to be ____________ if there exists a path between them consisting of pixels entirely in S.
A)continuous
B)ambiguous
C)connected
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Pixels p and q are said to be connected if there exists a path between them consisting entirely of pixels in S, which allows for the formation of a continuous path or shape within the subset.

Question 18

If R is a subset of pixels, we call R a _________ of the image if R is a connected set.
A)disjoint
B)region
C)closed
D)adjacent

Accepted Answer

A region in the context of image processing refers to a subset of pixels that are connected, meaning there's a path within the subset between any two pixels.

Question 19

Two regions are said to be ___________ if their union forms a connected set.
A)adjacent
B)disjoint
C)closed
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Two regions are said to be adjacent if their union forms a connected set, meaning there is a path within the set that connects any two points in the union of the regions.

Question 20

If an image contains K disjoint regions, what does the union of all the regions represent?
A)background
B)foreground
C)outer border
D)inner border

Accepted Answer

The union of all disjoint regions in an image represents the foreground, as these regions are typically the areas of interest distinct from the background.

Quiz 2: Digital Image Processing Terminology and Concepts

_____________ is the effect caused by the use of an insufficient number of intensity levels in smooth areas of a digital image.

The process of using known data to estimate values at unknown locations is called

Which of the following is NOT an application of Image Multiplication?

The procedure done on a digital image to alter the values of its individual pixels is

In Geometric Spacial Transformation, points whose locations are known precisely in input and reference images.

A continuous image is digitised at _______ points.

The transition between continuous values of the image function and its digital equivalent is called ______________

Images quantised with insufficient brightness levels will lead to the occurrence of ____________

The smallest discernible change in intensity level is called ____________

What is the tool used in tasks such as zooming, shrinking, rotating, etc.?

The type of Interpolation where for each new location the intensity of the immediate pixel is assigned is ___________

The type of Interpolation where the intensity of the FOUR neighbouring pixels is used to obtain intensity a new location is called ___________

Dynamic range of imaging system is a ratio where the upper limit is determined by

For Dynamic range ratio the lower limit is determined by

Quantitatively, spatial resolution cannot be represented in which of the following ways

In 4-neighbours of a pixel p, how far are each of the neighbours located from p?

If S is a subset of pixels, pixels p and q are said to be ____________ if there exists a path between them consisting of pixels entirely in S.

If R is a subset of pixels, we call R a _________ of the image if R is a connected set.

Two regions are said to be ___________ if their union forms a connected set.

If an image contains K disjoint regions, what does the union of all the regions represent?