Question 1

How is negative of an image obtained with intensity levels [0,L-1] with "r" and "s" being pixel values?
A)s = l - 1 + r
B)s = l - 1 - r
C)s = l + 1 + r
D)s = l + 1 + r.

Accepted Answer

The negative of an image is obtained by subtracting each pixel value (r) from the maximum intensity value (L-1), hence the correct formula is s = L - 1 - r.

Question 2

The general form of log transformations is ____________________.
A)s = c.log(1 + r)
B)s = c+log(1 + r)
C)s = c.log(1 - r)
D)s = c-log(1 - r)

Accepted Answer

The general form of log transformations often used in various applications, including signal processing and economic data analysis, is s = c.log(1 + r). This formula is used to transform data to make it more linear or to stabilize the variance across the data.

Question 3

Power-law transformations has the basic form of ________________, where c and ? are constants.
A)s = c + r?
B)s = c - r?
C)s = c * r?
D)s = c / r.?

Accepted Answer

Power-law transformations follow the form s = c * r^?, where c and ? are constants, allowing for various adjustments in the image's intensity values.

Question 4

For what value of the output must the Power-law transformation account for offset?
A)no offset needed
B)all values
C)one
D)zero

Accepted Answer

The Power-law transformation must account for an offset when the value of the output is zero, as applying the transformation directly to zero values can lead to undefined results or loss of information. This is because the power-law function involves raising the input value to a certain power, and raising zero to any power will always result in zero, which might not be desirable in image processing or other applications where the transformation is used.

Question 5

What is Gamma Correction?
A)a power-law response phenomenon
B)inverted intensity curve
C)light brightness variation
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Gamma correction involves adjusting the luminance of an image through a power-law transform. This process compensates for the nonlinear manner in which monitors display color and the nonlinear perception of brightness by the human eye, resulting in a more accurate and consistent visual representation across different devices.

Question 6

Which process expands the range of intensity levels in an image so that it spans the full intensity range of the display?
A)shading correction
B)contrast sketching
C)gamma correction
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Contrast stretching, not "contrast sketching", is the correct term for the process that expands the range of intensity levels in an image so that it spans the full intensity range of the display. This enhances the contrast of the image.

Question 7

Highlighting a specific range of intensities of an image is called ___________.
A)intensity matching
B)intensity highlighting
C)intensity slicing
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Intensity slicing is the correct term for highlighting a specific range of intensities in an image. It involves selecting a range of intensity values and then enhancing or modifying those values to highlight specific features within an image.

Question 8

Highlighting the contribution made to total image by specific bits instead of highlighting intensity-level changes is called ____________________.
A)intensity highlighting
B)byte-slicing
C)bit-plane slicing
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Bit-plane slicing highlights the contribution made to total image by specific bits, rather than focusing on intensity-level changes. This technique is useful in analyzing the significance of different bits in representing the image.

Question 9

Which of the following involves reversing the intensity levels of an image?
A)log transformations
B)piecewise linear transformations
C)image negatives
D)none of the mentioned.

Accepted Answer

Image negatives involve reversing the intensity levels of an image, creating a photographic negative effect.

Question 10

Piecewise Linear Transformation function involves which of the following?
A)bit-plane slicing
B)intensity level slicing
C)contrast stretching
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

The answer of Piecewise Linear Transformation function involves which of...

Question 11

What is the basis for numerous spatial domain processing techniques?
A)transformations
B)scaling
C)histogram
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

The basis for numerous spatial domain processing techniques is the histogram, as it provides a global understanding of the intensity distribution of an image, which is crucial for tasks like contrast enhancement, thresholding, and equalization.

Question 12

In _______ image we notice that the components of histogram are concentrated on the low side on intensity scale.
A)bright
B)dark
C)colourful
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

In a dark image, the histogram components are concentrated on the low side of the intensity scale because most of the pixels in the image have low intensity values, indicating darkness.

Question 13

What is Histogram Equalisation also called as?
A)histogram matching
B)image enhancement
C)histogram linearisation
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Histogram equalization is also known as histogram linearization because it aims to create a uniform histogram by redistributing the intensity values of the image.

Question 14

What is Histogram Matching also called as?
A)histogram equalisation
B)histogram specification
C)histogram linearisation
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Histogram Matching is also known as histogram specification. It is a process in digital image processing where the histogram of one image is adjusted so it matches the histogram of another specified image. This technique is used for various purposes, including color matching between two images.

Question 15

Histogram Equalisation is mainly used for _________________________.
A)image enhancement
B)blurring
C)contrast adjustment
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

The answer of Histogram Equalisation is mainly used for _________________________.
A)image...

Question 16

To reduce computation if one utilises non-overlapping regions, it usually produces ______ effect.
A)dimming
B)blurred
C)blocky
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Utilizing non-overlapping regions in image or signal processing typically results in a blocky effect due to the abrupt changes between adjacent non-overlapping blocks. This is often seen in image compression techniques like JPEG, where the image is divided into non-overlapping blocks, and each block is processed separately.

Question 17

What does SEM stands for?
A)scanning electronic machine
B)self electronic machine
C)scanning electron microscope
D)scanning electric machine

Accepted Answer

SEM stands for Scanning Electron Microscope, which is a type of microscope that uses electrons instead of light to form an image.

Question 18

The type of Histogram Processing in which pixels are modified based on the intensity distribution of the image is called _______________.
A)intensive
B)local
C)global
D)random

Accepted Answer

Global histogram processing modifies pixels based on the overall intensity distribution of the image, affecting the image as a whole rather than focusing on local regions or patterns.

Question 19

Which type of Histogram Processing is suited for minute detailed enhancements?
A)intensive
B)local
C)global
D)random

Accepted Answer

Local histogram processing is suited for minute detailed enhancements because it focuses on enhancing small regions of an image, allowing for detailed adjustments in specific areas rather than applying changes globally across the entire image.

Question 20

In uniform PDF, the expansion of PDF is ____________________________.
A)portable document format
B)post derivation function
C)previously derived function
D)probability density function

Accepted Answer

The correct expansion of PDF in the context of a uniform distribution is "probability density function." This term is used in statistics and probability theory to describe the function that defines the probability distribution of a continuous random variable.

Quiz 3: Image Processing Transformations, Histograms, and Filters

How is negative of an image obtained with intensity levels [0,L-1] with "r" and "s" being pixel values?

The general form of log transformations is ____________________.

Power-law transformations has the basic form of ________________, where c and ? are constants.

For what value of the output must the Power-law transformation account for offset?

What is Gamma Correction?

Which process expands the range of intensity levels in an image so that it spans the full intensity range of the display?

Highlighting a specific range of intensities of an image is called ___________.

Highlighting the contribution made to total image by specific bits instead of highlighting intensity-level changes is called ____________________.

Which of the following involves reversing the intensity levels of an image?

Piecewise Linear Transformation function involves which of the following?

What is the basis for numerous spatial domain processing techniques?

In _______ image we notice that the components of histogram are concentrated on the low side on intensity scale.

What is Histogram Equalisation also called as?

What is Histogram Matching also called as?

Histogram Equalisation is mainly used for _________________________.

To reduce computation if one utilises non-overlapping regions, it usually produces ______ effect.

What does SEM stands for?

The type of Histogram Processing in which pixels are modified based on the intensity distribution of the image is called _______________.

Which type of Histogram Processing is suited for minute detailed enhancements?

In uniform PDF, the expansion of PDF is ____________________________.