Question 1

Marx is a whereas Hegel is an idealist.
A)materialist
B)dualist
C)pluralist
D)skeptic

Accepted Answer

Marx is known for his materialist conception of history, which focuses on the ways in which material conditions and economic factors shape society and history. Hegel, on the other hand, is an idealist who believed that reality is shaped by ideas, thoughts, and consciousness.

Question 2

Spinoza's metaphysical position is known as .
A)materialism
B)dualism
C)pluralism
D)monism

Accepted Answer

Spinoza's metaphysical position is known as monism, which is the belief that reality is unified and consists of a single substance or principle. Unlike dualism, which posits two fundamentally different kinds of substances (often mind and matter), monism asserts that there is only one kind of substance, and for Spinoza, this substance is God or Nature, encompassing everything.

Question 3

is regarded as the father of modern Empiricism.
A)john locke
B)david hume
C)rene descartes
D)immanuel kant

Accepted Answer

John Locke is often credited as the father of modern empiricism due to his argument that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience.

Question 4

rejected innate ideas.
A)rene descartes
B)john locke
C)spinoza
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

John Locke famously rejected the notion of innate ideas, arguing instead that the mind is a tabula rasa (blank slate) at birth, and knowledge is acquired through experience and perception.

Question 5

is a monist.
A)spinoza
B)descartes
C)leibnitz
D)all these

Accepted Answer

Spinoza is known for his monist philosophy, particularly his identification of God with nature, suggesting that there is only one substance in the universe. Descartes and Leibniz, on the other hand, are not monists; Descartes is famous for his dualist perspective, distinguishing between mind and body, and Leibniz proposed a pluralist universe composed of an infinite number of simple substances or monads.

Question 6

The theory of innate ideas was first propounded by_ .
A)john locke
B)spinoza
C)descartes
D)david hume

Accepted Answer

Descartes is known for proposing the theory of innate ideas, suggesting that some ideas are inherent to the human mind and not acquired through experience.

Question 7

argue that objects do not exist independent of mind.
A)materialists
B)realists
C)objectivists
D)idealists

Accepted Answer

Idealists argue that objects do not exist independent of mind, positing that reality is mentally constructed or immaterial.

Question 8

Hegel developed Idealism.
A)subjective
B)absolute
C)naïve
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Hegel is most closely associated with Absolute Idealism, a philosophical theory which argues that reality is the manifestation of an absolute, all-encompassing mind or spirit.

Question 9

Esse est Percipi is the dictum of Idealism.
A)objective
B)subjective
C)absolute
D)all these

Accepted Answer

"Esse est percipi" translates to "to be is to be perceived," a principle of subjective idealism proposed by George Berkeley. It suggests that objects only exist as perceptions in the mind, emphasizing a subjective viewpoint.

Question 10

is the earliest representative o f Greek Cosmology.
A)socrates
B)plato
C)thales
D)protagoras

Accepted Answer

Thales is considered the earliest representative of Greek cosmology due to his theory that water is the fundamental substance behind all matter, marking the beginning of philosophical inquiry into the nature of the universe.

Question 11

According to dualism, Reality is _.
A)twofold
B)many
C)one
D)indivisible

Accepted Answer

Dualism posits that reality is twofold, typically dividing existence into two fundamentally different components, such as mind and matter, or physical and non-physical entities.

Question 12

Ultimate reality is the concern of .
A)metaphysics
B)skepticism
C)aesthetics
D)pragmatism

Accepted Answer

Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that studies the fundamental nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, and potentiality and actuality.

Question 13

Each science deals with of reality.
A)a part
B)the whole
C)all parts
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Each science focuses on a specific part of reality, rather than the whole or all parts. Different sciences explore different aspects of the natural and social world.

Question 14

is a representative of idealism.
A)carvakas
B)marx
C)engels
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Idealism is a philosophical approach that emphasizes the mental or spiritual aspects of experience. Carvakas, Marx, and Engels are not representatives of idealism. Carvakas belong to materialistic and atheistic school of thought in Indian philosophy, while Marx and Engels are known for their contributions to communism and dialectical materialism, which are contrary to idealistic philosophy.

Question 15

Epistemology is concerned with of knowledge.
A)origin
B)validity
C)limitation
D)all these

Accepted Answer

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge, including aspects such as the origin, nature, methods, and limits of human knowledge.

Question 16

Skeptics consider truth as . Introduction to Philosophy Page 4
A)certain
B)necessary
C)probable
D)practical

Accepted Answer

Skeptics often view truth as probable rather than absolute, reflecting their position that certainty is hard to achieve.

Question 17

hold coherence theory.
A)realists
B)idealists
C)both (a) and (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

Accepted Answer

Idealists hold the coherence theory of truth, which suggests that truth is determined by the coherence of a set of beliefs or propositions with each other, rather than by their correspondence to an external reality.

Question 18

John Dewey is a/an .
A)rationalist
B)absolutist
C)idealist
D)pragmatist

Accepted Answer

John Dewey is best known as a pragmatist. His philosophy emphasized practicality and the importance of experience and experimentation in the acquisition of knowledge.

Question 19

Mind-body dualism is the position of .
A)charles pierce
B)john dewey
C)descartes
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Mind-body dualism is most famously associated with René Descartes, who argued that the mind and body are fundamentally different in nature: the mind being of a non-material, thinking substance, and the body being of a material, physical substance.

Question 20

coined of the term 'Aesthetics'.
A)socrates
B)plato
C)aristotle
D)alexander baumgarten

Accepted Answer

Alexander Baumgarten is credited with coining the term 'aesthetics' in the 18th century, specifically in 1735, to denote the philosophy of beauty and art.

Quiz 2: Philosophy

Marx is a whereas Hegel is an idealist.

Spinoza's metaphysical position is known as .

is regarded as the father of modern Empiricism.

rejected innate ideas.

is a monist.

The theory of innate ideas was first propounded by_ .

argue that objects do not exist independent of mind.

Hegel developed Idealism.

Esse est Percipi is the dictum of Idealism.

is the earliest representative o f Greek Cosmology.

According to dualism, Reality is _.

Ultimate reality is the concern of .

Each science deals with of reality.

is a representative of idealism.

Epistemology is concerned with of knowledge.

Skeptics consider truth as . Introduction to Philosophy Page 4

hold coherence theory.

John Dewey is a/an .

Mind-body dualism is the position of .

coined of the term 'Aesthetics'.