Question 1

is the founder of Idealism.
A)hegel
B)spinoza
C)plato
D)aristotle

Accepted Answer

Plato is considered the founder of Idealism, a philosophical approach that emphasizes the role of ideas and ideals in shaping reality. His theory of Forms or Ideas posits that non-material abstract forms, and not the material world, possess the highest and most fundamental kind of reality.

Question 2

Naturalism is the position of _.
A)aristotle
B)hegel
C)plato
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

Ancient Greek atomism is .
A)monism
B)pluralism
C)dualism
D)idealism

Accepted Answer

Ancient Greek atomism, proposed by philosophers like Democritus and Leucippus, is a form of pluralism. It suggests that the universe is composed of an infinite number of indivisible and indestructible atoms moving through the void, differing in shape and size. This contrasts with monism (the belief in a single substance or reality), dualism (the belief in two fundamental substances or realities), and idealism (the belief that reality is fundamentally mental or immaterial).

Question 4

'Real is rational and rational is real'. This is the dictum of .
A)hegel
B)spinoza
C)marx
D)aristotle

Accepted Answer

This dictum is associated with Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, a German philosopher who is a central figure in German idealism. His philosophy is characterized by his dialectical method and the idea that reality (the rational) is capable of being expressed in rational categories.

Question 5

Neutral Monism is the metaphysical position of .
A)marx
B)spinoza
C)berkeley
D)aristotle

Accepted Answer

Neutral Monism, as a metaphysical position, is most closely associated with Spinoza. Spinoza's philosophy suggests a kind of unity of mind and matter, which aligns with the principles of Neutral Monism, arguing that the fundamental nature of reality is neither purely mental nor purely physical.

Question 6

The pragmatist criterion of truth is .
A)god
B)perception
C)workability
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

The pragmatist criterion of truth is workability, meaning that ideas or theories are true if they work or are practical in application.

Question 7

Transcendentalism refers to the philosophy of .
A)marx
B)kant
C)locke
D)aristotle

Accepted Answer

Transcendentalism refers to a philosophical movement that developed in the late 1820s and 1830s in the eastern United States. It was influenced by the work of Immanuel Kant, who introduced the term "transcendental" to describe the way in which the mind does not passively receive information from the outside world but instead contributes to the experience of objects through its innate capacity to perceive and understand. While transcendentalism in the U.S. took on its own unique characteristics, focusing on individual intuition and the beauty of nature, its philosophical roots can be traced back to Kant's ideas on knowledge and perception.

Question 8

Cartesian epistemology emphasizes as the source of true knowledge.
A)perception
B)faith
C)revelation
D)reason

Accepted Answer

Cartesian epistemology, named after René Descartes, emphasizes reason as the primary source of knowledge. Descartes is famous for his statement "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am"), which reflects his view that reason and thought are the foundations of knowledge.

Question 9

'True knowledge is a priori'. This is the view of _ .
A)empiricists
B)materialists
C)rationalists
D)all these

Accepted Answer

Rationalists argue that true knowledge comes from innate ideas or principles that are independent of sensory experience, which is what is meant by "a priori" knowledge. Empiricists, on the other hand, believe that knowledge comes from sensory experience. Materialists focus on the physical substance of the world, which doesn't directly relate to the source of knowledge as a priori or a posteriori.

Question 10

Identify the odd one.
A)thales
B)anaximander
C)socrates
D)anaximenes

Accepted Answer

Socrates is the odd one out because he is known for his contributions to ethics and epistemology, unlike Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes, who are pre-Socratic philosophers known for their work in natural philosophy.

Question 11

The term 'right' implies - according to .
A)rule
B)reason
C)desire
D)interest

Accepted Answer

The term 'right' implies according to rule.

Question 12

The child's right to education necessarily implies the of parents to give it.
A)will
B)desire
C)refusal
D)duty

Accepted Answer

The child's right to education implies that parents have the duty to ensure their child receives an education. This is a legal and moral responsibility in many jurisdictions.

Question 13

Modern philosophers tried to reject the authority of .
A)renaissance
B)scholasticism
C)reason
D)all these

Accepted Answer

Modern philosophers often sought to move away from the medieval scholastic tradition, which was heavily influenced by the authority of the church and ancient philosophers, aiming instead for methods based on reason, empirical evidence, and critical thinking.

Question 14

Rationalism and Empiricism represent the philosophy of era.
A)ionian
B)medieval
C)contemporary
D)modern

Accepted Answer

Rationalism and Empiricism are two key philosophical approaches that significantly shaped the modern era, particularly during the 17th and 18th centuries, influencing developments in science, epistemology, and metaphysics.

Question 15

The study of philosophy stimulates .
A)dogmatism
B)critical thinking
C)blind faith
D)all these

Accepted Answer

The study of philosophy is primarily aimed at stimulating critical thinking, encouraging individuals to question, analyze, and evaluate arguments and ideas logically rather than accepting them on faith or authority.

Question 16

Empiricists regard ________ as the only source of knowledge.
A)reason
B)experience
C)intuition
D)analysis

Accepted Answer

Empiricists believe that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience. Therefore, they regard experience as the only source of knowledge.

Question 17

According to Descartes_________ is the source of real knowledge.
A)sense experience
B)reason
C)authority
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Descartes believed that reason is the source of real knowledge, emphasizing the use of rational deduction and intuition in understanding the world, as opposed to relying on sensory experience or authority.

Question 18

_________ is the position holding that there is no genuine knowledge.
A)skepticism
B)empiricism
C)realism
D)rationalism

Accepted Answer

Skepticism is the philosophical position that questions or denies the possibility of genuine knowledge or certainty in some area of inquiry.

Question 19

According to_______ theory of truth, a proposition is true when it agrees with reality or fact.
A)correspondence
B)coherence
C)pragmatic
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

The correspondence theory of truth posits that the truth or falsity of a statement is determined by how accurately it reflects the real world. According to this theory, a statement is true if it corresponds to a fact or reality.

Question 20

___________ is the theory of truth that emphasizes the norm of utility/practical value.
A)correspondence theory
B)pragmatic theory
C)coherence theory
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

The pragmatic theory of truth emphasizes the practical aspect of truth, suggesting that the truth of a statement is determined by its practical consequences or utility.

Quiz 3: Philosophy Theories

is the founder of Idealism.

Naturalism is the position of _.

Ancient Greek atomism is .

'Real is rational and rational is real'. This is the dictum of .

Neutral Monism is the metaphysical position of .

The pragmatist criterion of truth is .

Transcendentalism refers to the philosophy of .

Cartesian epistemology emphasizes as the source of true knowledge.

'True knowledge is a priori'. This is the view of _ .

Identify the odd one.

The term 'right' implies - according to .

The child's right to education necessarily implies the of parents to give it.

Modern philosophers tried to reject the authority of .

Rationalism and Empiricism represent the philosophy of era.

The study of philosophy stimulates .

Empiricists regard ________ as the only source of knowledge.

According to Descartes_________ is the source of real knowledge.

_________ is the position holding that there is no genuine knowledge.

According to_______ theory of truth, a proposition is true when it agrees with reality or fact.

___________ is the theory of truth that emphasizes the norm of utility/practical value.