Question 1

A researcher conducts two studies on self-perception.In Study 1,24 participants rate how positively they view themselves (on a 5-point scale)in one of three groups (n = 8 per group).In Study 2,the researcher conducts a similar study,except that k = 3 and n = 8.If SS_BG = 28 and SS_E = 42 in both studies,then in which study will the decision be to reject the null hypothesis at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

The decision to reject the null hypothesis in an ANOVA depends on the F-ratio, which is calculated as the ratio of between-group variance to within-group variance. Given that both studies have the same sum of squares between (SSB) and sum of squares error (SSE), the F-ratio would be the same, leading to the same decision regarding the null hypothesis in both studies.

Question 2

Which of the following post hoc tests is associated with the least power to detect an effect?

Accepted Answer

Tukey's HSD test is more conservative compared to Fisher's LSD and Studentized Newman-Keuls, meaning it has less power to detect an effect because it controls for Type I error more strictly.

Question 3

A researcher randomly assigned 32 children to observe a short clip depicting either their favorite superhero,a parent,a teacher,or no person at all (n = 8 per group).If SS_BG = 30 and SS_E = 104,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher randomly assigned 32 children to...

Question 4

Which of the following post hoc tests is associated with the greatest power to detect an effect?

Accepted Answer

Fisher's LSD test generally has the greatest power among the options listed because it does not adjust for multiple comparisons as stringently as the other tests, making it more sensitive to detecting an effect when one truly exists.

Question 5

When the variability attributed to between groups is equal to the variability attributed to error,then the value of the test statistic for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA is ______.

Accepted Answer

When the variability attributed to between groups is equal to the variability attributed to error, the F-ratio (test statistic) would be equal to 1. This means that there is no significant difference between the groups being compared.

Question 6

Computing a one-way between-subjects ANOVA is appropriate when ______.

Accepted Answer

A one-way between-subjects ANOVA is appropriate when different participants are observed one time in each of two or more groups for one factor. This type of ANOVA is used to compare the means of two or more groups that differ on a single categorical variable. It is not appropriate when the same participants are observed in each of two or more groups, or when the levels of one or more factors are manipulated, as these situations require different types of ANOVA.

Question 7

A researcher conducts two studies on child health.In Study 1,30 children consume either a low-,moderate-,or high-fat meal (n = 10 per group).In Study 2,the researcher conducts the same study,except that a No Meal control group is added,with n = 10 in each group.If F_obt = 3.11 in both studies,then in which study will the decision be to reject the null hypothesis at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

Study 2 has more groups, increasing the degrees of freedom for the between-group variance, which can lead to a lower critical F-value, making it more likely to reject the null hypothesis.

Question 8

A researcher measures differences in recall between male and female participants following a romantic movie clip.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher measures differences in recall between...

Question 9

Homogeneity of variance is an assumption for the one-way between-subjects ANOVA.What does this assumption mean?

Accepted Answer

Homogeneity of variance assumes that the variance is equal in each population from which samples are selected. This is important because unequal variances can lead to biased results in the ANOVA. A and B are not related to the assumption of homogeneity of variance, and D is a reference to independence of observations, which is a different assumption for statistical tests.

Question 10

A researcher computes the following one-way between-subjects ANOVA table for a study where k = 3 and n = 12.State the decision at a .05 level of significance.(Hint: Complete the table first.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher computes the following one-way between-subjects...

Question 11

A researcher randomly assigned N = 16 rodents to experience one of four levels of shock (n = 4 per group)following the illumination of a visual cue.If SS_BG = 24 and SS_E = 48,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher randomly assigned N = 16...

Question 12

A professor compared differences in class grades between students in their freshman,sophomore,junior,and senior years of college.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

A one-way between-subjects ANOVA is appropriate for this study because it involves comparing the means of multiple groups (freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior) with different participants in each group. This design allows for the testing of whether there are significant differences in the means of the groups while controlling for individual differences among participants. The other options (A, C, and D) are not appropriate because they involve comparisons between two groups or require a specific factor to be manipulated or measured.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a post hoc test for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

F1F1F1S1F1F1F10² is not a recognized post hoc test for ANOVA. The other options (B, C, D) are all legitimate post hoc tests.

Question 14

A researcher measures differences in romantic feelings among adolescent and adult males.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher measures differences in romantic feelings...

Question 15

Following a significant one-way between-subjects ANOVA in which k > 2,what is the next appropriate step?

Accepted Answer

Conducting post hoc tests is necessary to determine which specific group(s) differ significantly from each other after a significant overall effect has been detected in the one-way between-subjects ANOVA. Summarizing and interpreting the data are important steps, but post hoc tests are needed to make more detailed comparisons between groups.

Question 16

A researcher divides participants into groups that will engage in low,moderate,or intense levels of exercise.The total calories consumed by participants following the exercise are then recorded.What type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

This study involves dividing participants into groups that will engage in different levels of exercise, which creates different treatment conditions. The researcher needs to compare the mean caloric intake of participants across the different exercise groups, which can be achieved through a one-way between-subjects ANOVA. This statistical design allows the researcher to test whether there is a significant difference in mean caloric intake between the different exercise groups, while controlling for other potential factors that might affect caloric intake. A related-samples t-test and a two-independent-sample t-test are not appropriate because they are designed for different types of study designs where the treatments are either compared within the same group or between two separate groups, respectively.

Question 17

In a study with three groups and 13 participants in each group,the sum of squares for the within-groups source of variation is 18.What is the value for the mean square within groups in this study?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a study with three groups and...

Question 18

A researcher computes the following one-way between-subjects ANOVA table.State the decision at a .05 level of significance.(Hint: Complete the table first.)

Accepted Answer

The p-value (0.042) is less than the significance level (0.05), hence we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a statistically significant difference between at least two of the group means.

Question 19

In a study with four groups and 10 participants in each group,the sum of squares for the between-groups source of variation is 60.What is the value for the mean square between groups in this study?

Accepted Answer

The mean square between groups is calculated by dividing the sum of squares between groups by the degrees of freedom between groups. In this case, the degrees of freedom between groups is 4 - 1 = 3. Therefore, the mean square between groups is 60 / 3 = 20.

Question 20

A researcher assigns 21 adolescents to rate the likability of a person described in a vignette as having one of three personality traits.An equal number of participants are assigned to each group.If F_obt = 4.08 for this study,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

A one-way between-subjects ANOVA was conducted with three groups, and the F_obt value was found to be 4.08. In order to determine the decision at a .05 level of significance, we need to compare the obtained F-value with the critical F-value. Since the question does not provide the critical F-value, we cannot perform this comparison. However, if the obtained F-value is greater than the critical F-value, we would reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is A, reject the null hypothesis.

Quiz 12: Analysis of Variance: One-Way Between-Subjects Design

Which of the following post hoc tests is associated with the least power to detect an effect?

A researcher randomly assigned 32 children to observe a short clip depicting either their favorite superhero,a parent,a teacher,or no person at all (n = 8 per group) .If SS_BG = 30 and SS_E = 104,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Which of the following post hoc tests is associated with the greatest power to detect an effect?

When the variability attributed to between groups is equal to the variability attributed to error,then the value of the test statistic for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA is ______.

Computing a one-way between-subjects ANOVA is appropriate when ______.

A researcher measures differences in recall between male and female participants following a romantic movie clip.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Homogeneity of variance is an assumption for the one-way between-subjects ANOVA.What does this assumption mean?

A researcher computes the following one-way between-subjects ANOVA table for a study where k = 3 and n = 12.State the decision at a .05 level of significance.(Hint: Complete the table first.)

A researcher randomly assigned N = 16 rodents to experience one of four levels of shock (n = 4 per group) following the illumination of a visual cue.If SS_BG = 24 and SS_E = 48,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

A professor compared differences in class grades between students in their freshman,sophomore,junior,and senior years of college.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Which of the following is not a post hoc test for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

A researcher measures differences in romantic feelings among adolescent and adult males.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Following a significant one-way between-subjects ANOVA in which k > 2,what is the next appropriate step?

A researcher divides participants into groups that will engage in low,moderate,or intense levels of exercise.The total calories consumed by participants following the exercise are then recorded.What type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

In a study with three groups and 13 participants in each group,the sum of squares for the within-groups source of variation is 18.What is the value for the mean square within groups in this study?

A researcher computes the following one-way between-subjects ANOVA table.State the decision at a .05 level of significance.(Hint: Complete the table first.)

In a study with four groups and 10 participants in each group,the sum of squares for the between-groups source of variation is 60.What is the value for the mean square between groups in this study?

Quiz 12: Analysis of Variance: One-Way Between-Subjects Design

Which of the following post hoc tests is associated with the least power to detect an effect?

A researcher randomly assigned 32 children to observe a short clip depicting either their favorite superhero,a parent,a teacher,or no person at all (n = 8 per group) .If SSBG = 30 and SSE = 104,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Which of the following post hoc tests is associated with the greatest power to detect an effect?

When the variability attributed to between groups is equal to the variability attributed to error,then the value of the test statistic for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA is ______.

Computing a one-way between-subjects ANOVA is appropriate when ______.

A researcher measures differences in recall between male and female participants following a romantic movie clip.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Homogeneity of variance is an assumption for the one-way between-subjects ANOVA.What does this assumption mean?

A researcher computes the following one-way between-subjects ANOVA table for a study where k = 3 and n = 12.State the decision at a .05 level of significance.(Hint: Complete the table first.)

A researcher randomly assigned N = 16 rodents to experience one of four levels of shock (n = 4 per group) following the illumination of a visual cue.If SSBG = 24 and SSE = 48,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

A professor compared differences in class grades between students in their freshman,sophomore,junior,and senior years of college.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Which of the following is not a post hoc test for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

A researcher measures differences in romantic feelings among adolescent and adult males.If different participants were in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Following a significant one-way between-subjects ANOVA in which k > 2,what is the next appropriate step?

A researcher divides participants into groups that will engage in low,moderate,or intense levels of exercise.The total calories consumed by participants following the exercise are then recorded.What type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

In a study with three groups and 13 participants in each group,the sum of squares for the within-groups source of variation is 18.What is the value for the mean square within groups in this study?

A researcher computes the following one-way between-subjects ANOVA table.State the decision at a .05 level of significance.(Hint: Complete the table first.)

In a study with four groups and 10 participants in each group,the sum of squares for the between-groups source of variation is 60.What is the value for the mean square between groups in this study?

A researcher randomly assigned 32 children to observe a short clip depicting either their favorite superhero,a parent,a teacher,or no person at all (n = 8 per group) .If SS_BG = 30 and SS_E = 104,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

A researcher randomly assigned N = 16 rodents to experience one of four levels of shock (n = 4 per group) following the illumination of a visual cue.If SS_BG = 24 and SS_E = 48,then what was the decision at a .05 level of significance for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?