E-Commerce
-The earliest efforts by consumers to------ marketers' reach occurred through the blocking of TiVo ads, the rise of "Do Not Call" lists, and Spam alert controls in electronic messaging.

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The earliest efforts by consumers to limit e-commerce marketers' reach occurred through the blocking of TiVo ads, the rise of "Do Not Call" lists, and Spam alert controls in electronic messaging. In addition to traditional television program advertisements and telemarketing calls, consumers began to receive hundreds of spam advertisements through e-commerce marketers. In the earliest efforts to limit marketers' reach and allow consumers some control over messages they receive, software such as TiVo recording systems allowed blocking of advertisements. Regulators also allowed individuals to place their numbers on "Do Not Call" registries to reduce telemarketing calls. Electronic messaging servers and Internet Service Providers also allowed customers to block spam and other advertising e-mails.

E-Commerce -The Earliest Efforts by Consumers To------ Marketers' Reach Occurred Through