Question 1

A person who, according to anthropologists, is one of the most powerful roles when negotiating between two or more people from diverse cultures is known as _________.

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Existential advocacy contributes to understanding the living present.
B.Correct. A culture broker in nursing serves as a mediator between the patient and other health-care professionals to support the patients' cultural beliefs and values.
C.Incorrect. An ombudsman is an official appointed to investigate complaints against maladministration.
D.Incorrect. Facilitation is a component of culture brokering; however, it is not defined in this way.

Question 2

________________________ illuminates how we ought to live and practice nursing when we relate to others who may be different than ourselves.

Accepted Answer

A.Correct. Transcultural caring competence in nursing practice calls forth presence and moral accountability and ethical responsibility-illuminating the moral voice of nurses to serve the good of humankind through compassion and justice.
B.Incorrect. Transcultural caring communication encompasses interpersonal communication between or among members of diverse culture groups.
C.Incorrect. Transcultural context refers to the person as a multicultural self.
D.Incorrect. The center of transcultural caring dynamics is the model for nursing and health care (awareness, understanding, and choice).

Question 3

For the second time in a week, May and Jenny are called into the nursing director's office. May has worked on the floor for 12 years and never seemed to have a problem with her coworkers. Jenny has been a nurse for a year, working on May's floor for a month. According to May, Jenny is quick to make decisions and always looking for ways to "do things better." Jenny thinks that May doesn't take her job seriously. She also believes that May is more concerned about the chain of command than she is about advocating for the patient. Jenny prides herself on her fierce dedication to her patients. Based on this scenario, which generation does Jenny likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Those born between 1965 and 1980 (Generation X) are known for their skepticism and are self-commanding.
B.Incorrect. Veterans were born between 1925 and 1945 and are known for their loyalty and for following the chain of command.
C.Correct. Generation Y-also known as millennials, digitals, or Generation F-are known to make decisions almost immediately, often demanding great efficiency and few mistakes.
D.Incorrect. May is most likely a Baby Boomer, a generation whose characteristics include being optimistic and following a chain of command.

Question 4

What question would the nurse ask a patient of a different cultural background when attempting to enhance the patient history and physical examination?

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. This question assists with communication; however, it would not help to enhance the patient history or physical examination.
B.Incorrect. This question would satisfy the Advocacy component of the CARING tool.
C.Correct. According to the Interaction aspect of the CARING model, asking questions such as this assists the nurse to act competently by interviewing, listening, and manifesting transcultural knowledge and skill.
D.Incorrect. This question is not relevant to the history or physical exam.

Question 5

____________________ organize our perception of reality by imposing order onto disorder in our experience.

Accepted Answer

A.Correct. Symbols organize perception and represent symbolic interaction that determines what is valued and what is valuable in culture.
B.Incorrect. Rituals reveal values at their deepest level.
C.Incorrect. Systems may assist in imposing order; however, this answer does not complete the sentence.
D.Incorrect. Ideologies are beliefs that guide individuals.

Question 6

People of different cultures embrace different health-care practices to deal with their health and needs. Nurses in the United States predominantly practice the western model; however, they may be exposed to eastern models during the course of their career and should be acknowledged. Which of the following is an example of an eastern model of health care?

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Empirical science is the foundation of western health care.
B.Correct. Integration of the mind, body, and spirit, along with a variety of traditional eastern remedies (ethnomedicine), describes the eastern model of health care.
C.Incorrect. Nanotechnology is an important part of emerging technology in the western philosophy of health care.
D.Incorrect. Bioenergetics, along with robotics and nanotechnology are all current and future components of the western model of care.

Question 7

After a battery of tests, Bob Martin was faced with deciding whether or not to take his wife off of life support. A decision conference was held that included Mr. Martin, his in-laws, Mr. Martin's adult children, as well as various health-care professionals involved in Mrs. Martin's care. At first, the Martin family and Mrs. Martin's parents talked about Mrs. Martin and the various conversations they had with her leading up to her present state. Health-care professionals presented Mrs. Martin's family members with the reality of Mrs. Martin's condition, along with their experiences of similar cases and the latest research that pertained to her present condition, all of which indicated that Mrs. Martin would never regain consciousness and that the machines and medications were keeping her alive. The discussion then shifted to details about the future Mrs. Martin and the family faced should they not begin the process of ending life support. Even though everyone was in agreement that ceasing life-sustaining measures was the best decision, the realization of losing Mrs. Martin and the impact the loss would have on their lives was starting to sink in. Mr. Martin wondered, "How can I go on without her?" Mrs. Martin's parents thought, "Parents are never supposed to bury their child." The Martin children were doubly devastated by losing their mother and that their children would grow up without their grandmother. Using your knowledge of transcultural caring inquiry, choose the option(s) that demonstrate(s) the knowledge-in-process, communicative spiritual-ethical caring of transcultural caring inquiry. (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. This is part of the inquiry of choice, not understanding.
B.Correct. Family and health-care providers sharing conversations demonstrates the co-creative and emergent present moment that reflects and captures possibilities of meaning involving recollection of past knowledge.
C.Correct. This statement illustrates the self-in-relation to the present situation.
D.Correct. Health-care providers informing family that Mrs. Martin was not self-producing her vital signs clarifies Mrs. Martin's anticipated future (requirement of life-support to sustain vital signs or her death if life-support ended).
E.Correct. The encounter of the present moment is knowledge-in-process where reflective action results.

Question 8

How can the sociocultural aspect of spiritual-ethical caring be utilized in nursing practice? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A.Correct. Discovering the nature of intergenerational relationships (i.e., harmonious or conflictual) is an example of using the sociocultural aspect.
B.Incorrect. This is an example of the technological aspect.
C.Correct. Identifying the ethnic foundation of the patient, family, or significant others is an example of the sociocultural aspect.
D.Incorrect. This is an example of the physical aspect.
E.Correct. Determining how the universal environment, including the environment of a hospital, clinic, outpatient center, family, or community, influences the patient in health or illness is an example of the sociocultural aspect.

Question 9

George is teaching a Transcultural Caring course and has given his students a journal prompt in order to reveal how they understand the concept of practical wisdom. What examples or explanations of practical wisdom should George find when evaluating the student response to the prompt, "Practical wisdom … ?" (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Transcultural caring is co-creative emergence that embodies awareness, understanding, and choice.
B.Correct. What is required in the concrete situation is the kind of practical wisdom whose special merit is its ability to grasp what is demanded by the circumstances at hand.
C.Correct. Practical wisdom facilitates understanding of how a patient arrives at a choice and how the nurse and patient self-transcend or transform. The ethics of accountability and reconciliation illuminate the transformative process.
D.Incorrect. This statement describes the process of the fourth revolution of intergeneration and interaction.
E.Incorrect. Rituals reveal values at their deepest level, often giving us clues to and understanding of the essential makeup of human societies.

Question 10

After learning that the United States provided more allocation of funds for health care to prisoners than their own indigenous people, Thomas felt compelled to make a difference. Immediately upon receiving his license to practice nursing, he moved to a remote area of Arizona to work at a Navajo health clinic. Thinking he would make a difference with his newly acquired nursing skills, Thomas quickly realized that one of his most important tasks was ensuring tribal members had clean water to drink. Which aspects of transcultural caring would help Thomas cope with and understand his new position at the clinic? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A.Correct. Focusing on the caring aspect of fairness while being mindful of the cultural differences is a transcultural caring approach that would help Thomas.
B.Correct. Maintaining his compassion while acknowledging the suffering around him is an appropriate response through transcultural caring.
C.Correct. Recognizing that caring and compassion will be comforting, Thomas may be in a position to take action that will help the tribal people in the long term.
D.Incorrect. Dynamic patterns of culture are captured through transcultural evidence.
E.Incorrect. This statement describes adaptation.

Question 11

History, ethnicity, and the cultural or geographical contexts play a significant role in the evolution of class care in health-care organizations. Professional behaviors of those entrusted with the care of various social classes must be monitored. Which of the following examples illustrate those at risk for receiving substandard care due to their perceived class? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Single motherhood is not considered in social class.
B.Incorrect. Homosexuality is not indicative of a class care issue.
C.Correct. Uninsured patients may not receive the same level of care due to the perceived inability to pay for care, or lack of compliance with mandated health insurance.
D.Correct. Immigrants are often subject to substandard care as a result of perceived class.
E.Correct. Patients who are sometimes termed "frequent fliers" appear to utilize the emergency department for health care.

Question 12

While once considered heroic and admirable by other countries, an anti-American sentiment is spreading throughout the world. The change in feeling toward the United States is largely due to the perception of ethnocentric behaviors. What examples can be found in present-day American culture that would indicate reasons for this change in feeling? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A.Correct. Due to cultural intolerance, the United States has lost the respect it used to enjoy.
B.Incorrect. This is an example of U.S.-led activity that fosters good feelings globally.
C.Incorrect. Promotion of democratic principles has been a long-admired quality of the United States.
D.Correct. Images of violence and war in American films have increased negative feelings toward the United States.
E.Incorrect. Religious freedom is protected by the US Constitution.

Question 13

When using any of the tools in the transcultural caring relationship, which of the following points should be considered? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A.Correct. Determination of the language or interpreter needs should be considered with all of the tools.
B.Correct. In order to develop a trusting relationship, mutually collaborative interactions should be used in every assessment tool.
C.Incorrect. Identification of patient ethnic foundation is assessed in the sociocultural aspect of the transcultural caring dynamic tool.
D.Incorrect. The compassion aspect of Ray's CARING Tool for Cultural Competency requires responding lovingly in authentic presence.
E.Correct. Ethical interaction, showing respect, and serving the good of the patient, family and significant others displays spiritual-ethical caring and should be considered when using any of the tools in the transcultural caring relationship.

Quiz 6: Transcultural Caring Inquiry: Awareness, Understanding, and Choice