Question 1

_____________ refers to the experience of the "holy" where the knowledge of God, principles and articles of faith, teachings and insights from the Holy Books, and religious traditions facilitate the unfolding of living with others in love and truth.
A) Theology
B) Ethics
C) Religion
D) Spirituality

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Theology is the study of the supernatural or transcendent, God, and the creative principle of the universe.
B.Incorrect. Ethics involves personal and moral principles.
C.Correct. Religion is the correct term associated with the definition provided.
D.Incorrect. Spirituality is connected to the soul, to an inner communion with someone greater than the self.

Question 2

__________________ refers to how the wisdom of spirituality (theology) shares parallel insights into the reality of the nature of the universe (cosmology and history).
A) Universality
B) Morality
C) Belongingness
D) Enculturation

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. This refers to being shared by all people or things.
B.Incorrect. Morality outlines principles of right and wrong, good and bad.
C.Correct. This interconnectedness reveals there are no separate or isolated objects in the universe.
D.Incorrect. Enculturation involves deep learning of a particular culture so as to live and function within it.

Question 3

It is impossible for a nurse to know how all religions or spiritual beliefs affect the patient's response to health or illness. In order to help understand what is valued by both sides and to provide appropriate transcultural spiritual care, what is the best course of action that a nurse can take?
A) Create a cultural "CliffsNotes" binder containing experiences with different patient cultures for reference.
B) Listen and observe for clues from the patient and family as to how best care for the patient.
C) Compare and contrast the patient/family members' religious/spiritual experiences with your own.
D) Request a pastoral care referral when a patient has religious or spiritual beliefs are different than your own.

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Although overall belief systems may be standardized, each patient, and the degree to which they practice their religious beliefs vary widely.
B.Incorrect. This response may assist in understanding, but it is not the best course of action as asked for in the question.
C.Correct. Good cross-cultural comparative evaluation addresses identification of and reflection on similarities and differences between and among religious traditions. It is critical to appreciate, learn about, question and listen to the accounts of both patient and family member experiences to understand what is valued in self and others.
D.Incorrect. The objective in these instances is to understand the patient's viewpoint and adapt approaches to care. In addition, pastoral care may not be available and may be excessive use of resources.

Question 4

_______________ is a new synthesis that integrates knowledge of the brain, science, spirituality, and religious experience.
A) Neurotheology
B) Theology
C) Mythology
D) Anthropology

Accepted Answer

A.Correct. Neurotheology is a new synthesis based on the interconnectedness of the patterns of reality.
B.Incorrect. Theology is the study of the supernatural or transcendent, God, and the creative principle of the universe.
C.Incorrect. Mythology in the context of this text explains that the world is expressed through stories and artistic symbols.
D.Incorrect. Anthropologists study the development of human societies and cultures.

Question 5

Noticing that her patient was becoming overwhelmed with the number of medical students brought into the room, Nancy approached the chief resident, requesting that the number of medical students be limited to one or two per visit. Citing the unique nature of the patient's condition, the chief resident objected; however, she was overruled by the attending physician. Although the opportunity for learning is significant, what fact of nursing science supports the attending physician's decision to override the chief resident's objection?
A) The attending physician's delegation to the chief resident to train medical students could make the hospital vulnerable to legal or ethical violations.
B) The implied authority of the physician and the medical students undermined the relationship and authority of the nurse as it applied to patient care.
C) Despite being a teaching hospital, the chief resident had reason to believe the patient's privacy was being violated due to the minor status of the patient.
D) The chief resident was focused on the educational needs of the students; the nurse was focused on caring for the patient's whole mind, body and spirit.

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Chief residents are often charged with the oversight of medical students.
B.Incorrect. The scenario does not support this response as accurate.
C.Incorrect. There is no mention of age in the scenario.
D.Correct. Nurses have a unique responsibility to care for the soul of the patient because of the commitment to holism.

Question 6

The connectivity hypothesis has required that biology, physics, and sociology theorists are exchanging ideas that move each of the sciences ahead. With an understanding of consciousness, science, and spirituality, how would the connectivity hypothesis best be explained?
A) It is one of the central dimensions that describes cultural care diversity and universality.
B) It is the feedback of active information that shows and creates coherence among electrons, photons, molecules or cells, humans, societies, cultures, and civilizations.
C) It is based on quantum physics, chaos theory, holography, and holistic science.
D) It is created on the foundation of materialism, determinism, reductionism, and objectivity.

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. This response refers to the awareness of cultural illness and health, along with the influence of religion and transcultural caring.
B.Correct. Within human nature, the mind and brain are responsible for all experience.
C.Incorrect. Quantum physics, chaos theory, holography and holistic science are the basis for the new sciences of complexity.
D.Incorrect. Western scientific thought espoused rules based on materialism, determinism, reductionism, and objectivity.

Question 7

Red Cross volunteers from around the country were summoned to Houston, Texas after a category 4 hurricane devastated the coastal city. After the physical injuries were tended to, it became apparent that many of those affected by the tragedy reported they did not feel safe and needed to leave shelters to try and find family members and friends. With the understanding of universal sources, what was likely the cause of the fear and desire to leave the shelters?
A) Expanded consciousness
B) Spiritual suffering
C) Belongingness
D) Panentheism

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Expanded consciousness describes how some nursing theorists characterize nursing.
B.Correct. Struggle with spiritual suffering can occur when natural disasters occur, especially when people are displaced from their homes.
C.Incorrect. Belongingness is an incorrect response to the scenario.
D.Incorrect. Panentheism is one of the approaches to God, combining theism and pantheism.

Question 8

_____________ has been influential in modern science and has provided insight into the working of the human mind.
A) Shintoism
B) Baha'i
C) Buddhism
D) New age

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Shintoism is not associated with modern science or for providing insight into the working of the human mind.
B.Incorrect. Baha'i is a contemporary faith that teaches all creatures are of one God and are part of one family.
C.Correct. Buddhism has been influential in modern science and has provided insight into the working of the human mind.
D.Incorrect. New age spirituality honors the spiritual as a creative force and recognizes our common humanity.

Question 9

_________________ is a system of oral, written, and meditative belief that is accepted more within the branches of liberal Judaism because of the appeal to the need for a sense of meaning, belongingness, and holiness in life.
A) Orthodox Judaism
B) Jewish Kabala
C) Conservative Judaism
D) Reform Judaism

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Orthodox Judaism maintains Jewish tradition and law as it always was from the Hebrew scripture.
B.Correct. Jewish Kabala is accepted more within liberal Judaism because of the appeal to the need for a sense of meaning, belongingness, and holiness in life.
C.Incorrect. Conservative Judaism interprets Jewish tradition and biblical literature of human input.
D.Incorrect. Reform Judaism espouses more social action and ethical behavior with less concern for Jewish law.

Question 10

On the way to work, a nurse hears breaking news on the radio that a "violent attack by extremists" just occurred at the Islamic Society of Boston. Reports from the scene seem to indicate that the attack was carried out by a "terrorist group." Boston Medical was the nearest Level 1 Trauma Center, so it was likely that the nurse would eventually be caring for the most critical patients. As a result of the confusion at the scene of the attack, it is unclear which patients were responsible for the attack and which were victims.
One of the patients being transferred to the medical/surgical floor is the Senior Imam of the Center that was attacked. Which statements below demonstrate understanding of Islam as presented in chapter 5? (Select all that apply.)
A) Sunnis do not worship in mosques.
B) There are two branches of Islam (Sunni and Shi'a).
C) Sufism focuses on healing love and practicing remembrance.
D) Wahhabism is a form of Shi'a Islam.
E) Shiites are accused of being the source of global terrorism.

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Sunnis practice their religion in mosques.
B.Correct. Sunni and Shi'a are the two primary branches of Islam.
C.Correct. In addition to healing love and practicing remembrance, the combination of breath and sound open the heart to greater love.
D.Incorrect. Wahhabism is a form of Sunni Islam and is considered orthodox, ultraconservative and fundamentalist designed to restore "pure monotheistic worship."
E.Incorrect. Wahhabism is accused of being the source of global terrorism and causing disunity among Muslims.

Question 11

A 15-year-old girl was brought into the emergency room by her parents for complaints of severe abdominal cramping. Upon examination, it became apparent the teenager was in the process of miscarrying. After explaining what had happened, the nurse reassured the teen that miscarriage was not uncommon. The teen informed the nurse that if her parents found out she was pregnant, they would disown her, so she found a way to cause a miscarriage online. What approach should the nurse use to ensure a caring moment, while coming to terms with her own values? (Select all that apply.)
A) Praying
B) Knowing
C) Being
D) Enabling
E) Reinforcing

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. The information provided does not indicate that the patient would consider prayer as caring.
B.Correct. Knowing or striving to understand an event and its meaning for the other person would result in a caring moment.
C.Correct. Being with or being emotionally present with the patient would provide for a caring moment.
D.Correct. Enabling or facilitating the other's movement through a life event (miscarriage) would present a caring moment.
E.Incorrect. Reinforcing does not indicate one of the actions that initiates a caring moment.

Question 12

Jedda was experiencing a "big city" for the first time. After being born and raised on a farm in the Northern Territory of Australia, Jedda was now in Los Angeles as part of a traveling dance troupe. During one of the performances, Jedda broke her ankle, which required surgery. While recovering from her injury, Jedda was feeling homesick and the sterile surroundings were not helping. Understanding the aboriginal religion and Jedda's connection to the outdoors, how could the nurse assist in providing spiritual comfort to Jedda? (Select all that apply.)
A) Assist Jedda in performing some of the aboriginal rituals surrounding health and wellness.
B) Suggest Jedda participate in a meditation or yoga class to the degree she is able.
C) Take Jedda to the courtyard located outside of the hospital.
D) Allow for Jedda to move about the hospital on her own with a wheelchair.
E) Inquire about allowing some plants from the hospital to be placed in her room.

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. These rituals are associated with Myth Spirituality.
B.Incorrect. Meditation, mindfulness, and yoga are expressions of integrative spirituality.
C.Correct. For aboriginal people who value nature, going outside would provide a moment of spiritual healing.
D.Incorrect. Even if appropriate for Jedda to freely move about the hospital, she would not be satisfying the need for connection with nature.
E.Correct. The addition of plants or flowers would support her spirituality.

Question 13

A concept called the "love economy" embraces social, environmental, and ethical auditing that reflects the triple bottom line (i.e., people, planet, and profit) is causing a shift in the practices of various nations and corporations. With collective responsibility, positive changes will result. Which of the following outcomes may result? (Select all that apply.)
A) Improved education
B) Sustainability
C) Fair labor standards
D) Equitable taxing
E) Immigration reform

Accepted Answer

A.Correct. The love economy focuses on improved education.
B.Correct. Sustainability is a result of the love economy.
C.Correct. Fair labor standards often accompany the changes resulting from the love economy.
D.Incorrect. Equitable taxing is not part of the love economy.
E.Incorrect. Immigration reform is not included in the love economy concept.

Question 14

An elderly woman was placed in a long-term care facility by her son and feared she had done something wrong to have been placed in the facility instead of moving in with her son. When she became ill and feared her life was ending, she was concerned that whatever she did to her son would interfere with her rebirth. Using this information, to what religion does she likely belong? (Select all that apply.)
A) New age spirituality
B) Buddhism
C) Confucianism
D) Shintoism
E) Judaism

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. New age spirituality believes in the inseparability of mind, body, and spirit, not the laws of Karma or rebirth.
B.Correct. Buddhists believe in the laws of Karma, and rebirth after death. Both would coincide with the woman's belief that she had done something wrong to be placed in long-term care.
C.Incorrect. Karma and rebirth are not part of the Confucianism practice.
D.Incorrect. The Shintoism practices do not match the scenario described.
E.Incorrect. Judaism is built on the pillar of the Ten Commandments and does not apply to the scenario presented.

Question 15

Julian was on duty in the ER at Beth Israel Hospital in lower Manhattan. Mr. Akalprem Kasai, a bearded man wearing a turban lay injured after an apparent beating. As Julian scanned the chart, he saw that Sikh was listed as Mr. Kasai's religious preference. Which of the following statements accurately represent the practice of Sikhism? (Select all that apply.)
A) Sikhism is a branch of the Islamic faith and has the largest number of followers.
B) Sikhism's purpose is the destruction of suffering, and is based on intelligence, science, and knowledge.
C) Sikhism's central precept is living in harmony with human beings and with nature.
D) Sikhism symbols for male members are a turban, a beard, and a steel bracelet.
E) Sikhism principles include devotion to remembrance of God, truthful living, and equality of human beings.

Accepted Answer

A.Incorrect. Sikhism is not connected to the Islamic faith.
B.Incorrect. Buddhism is based on intelligence, science, and knowledge, whose purpose is the destruction of suffering based on the teachings of Buddha.
C.Incorrect. Confucianism is based on the central precept of living in harmony with human beings and with nature.
D.Correct. These symbols along with a ceremonial sword are worn to respect ideals of honesty, equality, fidelity, meditating on God, and never bowing to tyranny.
E.Correct. This statement accurately represents the Sikh faith.

Quiz 5: Universal Sources

_____________ refers to the experience of the "holy" where the knowledge of God, principles and articles of faith, teachings and insights from the Holy Books, and religious traditions facilitate the unfolding of living with others in love and truth.

__________________ refers to how the wisdom of spirituality (theology) shares parallel insights into the reality of the nature of the universe (cosmology and history) .

It is impossible for a nurse to know how all religions or spiritual beliefs affect the patient's response to health or illness. In order to help understand what is valued by both sides and to provide appropriate transcultural spiritual care, what is the best course of action that a nurse can take?

_______________ is a new synthesis that integrates knowledge of the brain, science, spirituality, and religious experience.

The connectivity hypothesis has required that biology, physics, and sociology theorists are exchanging ideas that move each of the sciences ahead. With an understanding of consciousness, science, and spirituality, how would the connectivity hypothesis best be explained?

_____________ has been influential in modern science and has provided insight into the working of the human mind.

_________________ is a system of oral, written, and meditative belief that is accepted more within the branches of liberal Judaism because of the appeal to the need for a sense of meaning, belongingness, and holiness in life.