Question 1

Which of the following concepts was the main focus of early communications amongst the founders of the occupational therapy profession?

Accepted Answer

The founders of occupational therapy emphasized "occupation work" as a means of promoting health and well-being, focusing on the therapeutic use of work and daily activities.

Question 2

The authors state, "Occupation is the defining concept of occupational therapy." From the choices below, which best defines occupation as viewed by the founders and early scholars of the profession?

Accepted Answer

Occupation, as viewed by the founders and early scholars of occupational therapy, encompasses all meaningful and purposeful activities, including daily life tasks and recreation, not just those related to paid work or leisure of the upper class. This broad definition reflects the profession's focus on enabling individuals to participate in a wide range of activities that are important for health and well-being.

Question 3

What are the three reasons for the use of occupation in treatment identified by Dr. William Rush Dunton, Jr.?

Accepted Answer

Dr. William Rush Dunton, Jr., a founder of occupational therapy, identified the use of occupation in treatment to divert the patient's attention from disturbing thoughts, provide a potential hobby to prevent further mental anguish, and offer a means for future livelihood.

Question 4

Adolf Meyer and Eleanor Clarke Slagle supported a mental health treatment approach believed to improve functioning that has been limited by the development of faulty habits over time. What is the specific name of this treatment approach?

Accepted Answer

Habit training is the specific treatment approach supported by Adolf Meyer and Eleanor Clarke Slagle, aimed at improving functioning by addressing and modifying faulty habits.

Question 5

The onset of which of the following events caused occupational therapy to experience a shift from a focus on occupation to more physical and medically based intervention approaches to practice?

Accepted Answer

World War II led to a shift in occupational therapy towards more physical and medically based interventions due to the need to rehabilitate injured soldiers, which emphasized physical rehabilitation techniques.

Question 6

During this period what were the preferred terms that were used in the professional literature instead of occupation?

Accepted Answer

The terms "activity and functional performance" were preferred in professional literature as they encompass a broader range of human actions and capabilities, focusing not just on occupational roles but also on the performance of activities and participation in life situations.

Question 7

The profession's use of "occupation" following the above period began again during the early 1960s. During her 1962 Eleanor Clarke Slagle lecture, Mary Reilly predicted this shift as she spoke of the impact of occupational behavior. Which model was developed from this concept of occupational behavior?

Accepted Answer

The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) was developed from the concept of occupational behavior, which Mary Reilly predicted would become a significant focus in the profession during her 1962 Eleanor Clarke Slagle lecture.

Question 8

The thought that restoring function through the use of participation in specific tasks that are from the patient's everyday life is the basis for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The thought that restoring function through the...

Question 9

What term did Yerxa use in the mid-1960s to describe a scenario of an occupational therapist using light housework as an intervention with someone who typically cleaned his or her own home as a means for improving muscle strength, overall stamina, and range of motion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term did Yerxa use in the...

Question 10

The profession's re-embrace of the term occupation as its primary focus has produced what the authors describe as a duality of the concept that furthers its ambiguity and confusion. What are the two ways in which this term is used that causes this "paradox" according to the authors?

Accepted Answer

Occupation is used both as the primary means through which occupational therapy is delivered (i.e., through engaging clients in meaningful activities) and as the end goal or outcome of therapy (i.e., improving clients' ability to perform occupations). This dual use can contribute to confusion about what "occupation" means within the field.

Question 11

According to the Framework, 3rd edition, which of the following terms is defined as "actions designed and selected to support the development of performance skills and performance patterns to enhance occupational engagement"?

Accepted Answer

According to the Framework, 3rd edition, the term "activity" is defined as actions designed and selected to support the development of performance skills and performance patterns to enhance occupational engagement.

Question 12

According to the Framework, 3rd edition, which of the following terms is defined as "daily life activities in which people engage in multiple activities in context"?

Accepted Answer

Occupation is defined as daily life activities in which people engage, encompassing multiple activities in context. This term reflects the broad range of activities and roles that individuals participate in on a daily basis.

Question 13

One of the objectives of the Framework, 3rd edition, was to better align the profession's internal language with that of the globally accepted International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Heath (ICFDH) from the World Health Organization. What, however, has been the international criticism of the ICFDH?

Accepted Answer

The ICFDH has been criticized for not adequately addressing the person's subjective experience during activity, which is a key component of understanding and treating disabilities and health conditions. This criticism points to the need for a more holistic approach that includes the individual's perceptions and experiences.

Question 14

However, the authors contend that the terminology should be further clarified locally, globally, and for the benefit of consumers and third-party payers. What is the suggestion that the authors put forth to accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because it suggests that occupation and its related activities are the means (tools) through which intervention is delivered, and the improvement in occupational performance is the desired outcome. This aligns with the goal of clarifying terminology in a way that is understandable and applicable across different contexts.

Question 15

The chapter suggests distinguishing the use of the terms occupation and activity. Which of the following would NOT be considered part of the definition of occupation that is proposed by the authors?

Accepted Answer

Occupation is defined as an activity imbued with meaning, so an activity without meaning would not fit this definition.

Question 16

Occupational therapists in the United States and other countries often use the terms activity and occupation differently. Moreover, international scholars have struggled in defining occupation as the core concept of occupational therapy practice. From the choices below, what is the main reason for this struggle according to the authors?

Accepted Answer

The main reason for the struggle in defining occupation as the core concept of occupational therapy practice is the inherent complexity of the term occupation. This complexity makes it challenging to have a universally accepted definition that encompasses all aspects of what occupation means within the context of occupational therapy.

Question 17

Which of the following is an Australian practice model that focuses on the complex factors that influence occupational performance rather than occupation?

Accepted Answer

The Occupational Performance Model is an Australian practice model that emphasizes the complex factors influencing occupational performance rather than focusing solely on occupation itself.

Question 18

Which of the following is a South African theoretical model that focuses on occupational performance and the client's abilities to bring about change?

Accepted Answer

The Vona Du Toit Model of Creative Activity is a South African theoretical model that emphasizes the use of creative activities in occupational therapy. It focuses on the client's abilities and potential to bring about change in their occupational performance.

Question 19

Which of the following is an Asian module for intervention that primarily employs yoga as its primary intervention modality?

Accepted Answer

The Ayurvedic Model of Human Occupation primarily employs yoga as its primary intervention modality, integrating traditional Ayurvedic principles with occupational therapy.

Question 20

What did the Bologna Declaration of June 1999 call for across the European Higher Education Area?

Accepted Answer

The Bologna Declaration aimed to ensure more comparable, compatible, and coherent systems of higher education in Europe. It focused on creating a European Higher Education Area by 2010, emphasizing clear and competitive educational standards for facilitating student mobility and employability.

Quiz 1: The Complexity of Occupation