Question 1

What is the most positive impact the community and population health practice paradigm has on occupational therapy?

Accepted Answer

Developing OT in a community and population health paradigm promotes the visibility of occupational therapy as a profession

Question 2

The earliest example of community-based occupational therapy practice within the United States was:

Accepted Answer

"Barton's establishment of Consolation House in 1914 is the earliest example of community-based occupational therapy practice within the United States" (Scaffa, 2001; Scaffa & Brownson, 2005).

Question 3

One of the first infectious diseases community-based occupational therapy worked to prevent was:

Accepted Answer

In 1932, Diaz authored an article describing the role of OT in the prevention of tuberculosis. The article, "Organizing a Preventorium for Children," was published in Occupational Therapy and Rehabilitation.

Question 4

Occupational therapy in the military emerged as part of World Wars I and II to treat:

Accepted Answer

Occupational therapy has been supported in military environments for a long time but emerged in World Wars I and II to treat shell shock. The occupation-based perspective helped military personnel recover from war-related experiences ranging from exposure to poor living conditions.

Question 5

One example of a community-based setting is:

Accepted Answer

Occupational therapy practitioners work in a variety of community-based settings. The most common reported are driving programs, industrial rehabilitation/work programs, and sheltered workshops (AOTA, 2015).

Question 6

A common role for occupational therapy in community settings is:

Accepted Answer

Many roles for occupational therapy in community-based settings exist. A common role is that of consultant. In this case, the occupational therapy practitioner uses their expertise to devise program development from an occupation-based perspective that helps a community organization.

Question 7

Occupational therapy practitioners wanting to practice in community and population health settings should focus on developing the following characteristic:

Accepted Answer

Because community and population health is constantly evolving, occupational therapy practitioners successful in this area have been identified to possess the following characteristics: positive hopefulness, understanding for the perspectives of community members, creativity, and the ability to address one's own biases.

Question 8

Which of the following is identified by AOTA as a Standard for Continuing Competence?

Accepted Answer

The AOTA Standards of Competency include the following competencies: knowledge required for multiple roles, critical reasoning necessary for decision-making in those roles, interpersonal abilities to establish effective relationships with others, performance skills and proficiencies necessary for practice, and ethical reasoning required for responsible decision-making.

Question 9

According to Kielhofner (1997), a paradigm is the "cultural core of the discipline" and "provides professional identity" (p. 17). Which of the following is an essential characteristic of a paradigm?

Accepted Answer

"Paradigms have two essential characteristics. They are (a) sufficiently unprecedented scientific achievements that draw many constituents from competing areas of inquiry and (b) adequately open-ended enough to allow for the exploration of solutions to a variety of problems."

Question 10

Which of the following is a recognized paradigm in the profession's history?

Accepted Answer

"The reductionist, or mechanistic, paradigm of the 1960s asserted that by focusing on the inner mechanisms of disease and disability (i.e., neurophysiology, anatomy, kinesiology, and psychoanalysis), occupational therapy could actually alter function and thereby gain professional respect as a scientific discipline. The early paradigm of occupation had a holistic appreciation of the occupational nature of human life. The new paradigm provided a more in-depth view and shifted professional thinking from the gestalt to a reductionist focus on parts."

Question 11

Community practice should be designed with what theory in mind?

Accepted Answer

Communities and their population health are impacted by many factors. Community and population health practice must consider the implications of health and the factors that influence it in order to design meaningful occupation-based programs.

Question 12

In order to develop meaningful and impactful occupation-based programs in community settings, an occupational therapist should focus on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Occupational therapists in community and population health settings should focus on the strengths and talents of the community to develop meaningful and impactful occupation-based programs.

Quiz 1: Historical and Philosophical Perspectives of Community and Population Health Practice Introduction