Question 1

Frederick Taylor developed a program that matched workers, shovel sizes, materials, and the like for each job. By the end of the third year, his program reduced the number of workers needed in the plant from 600 to .

Accepted Answer

Frederick Taylor's program significantly improved efficiency by matching workers, shovel sizes, and materials to each job, which led to a drastic reduction in the workforce from 600 to 140 by the end of the third year.

Question 2

At Mattel, each task that operating employees perform is carefully studied in order to promote maximum efficiency and productivity. Often standardized work methods are implemented. Mattel appears to be using the ___________ viewpoint.

Accepted Answer

The description of Mattel's approach aligns with the principles of scientific management, which focuses on improving efficiency and productivity through the study of tasks and the implementation of standardized work methods.

Question 3

Frederick Taylor thought that _____________.

Accepted Answer

Frederick Taylor, known as the father of scientific management, believed that money was the primary motivator for employees to work to their capacity. He advocated for a piece-rate pay system where workers were paid based on their output, aiming to incentivize higher productivity.

Question 4

Advocates of scientific management believe in a concept called _____________ that links each foreman's area of specialization to that foreman's scope of authority.

Accepted Answer

Functional foremanship is the concept that ties a foreman's area of specialization to their scope of authority, as advocated by proponents of scientific management. This approach divides managerial work into different functions, each overseen by a specialized foreman.

Question 5

_______________ used a revolutionary new tool-motion pictures-to study motions of workers.

Accepted Answer

Frank Gilbreth used motion pictures as a novel method to study the motions of workers, aiming to improve efficiency by identifying and eliminating unnecessary movements. This approach was part of his broader work in the field of motion study and scientific management.

Question 6

Lillian Gilbreth was concerned mainly with _________________.

Accepted Answer

Lillian Gilbreth was a pioneer in industrial engineering and psychology, focusing on the human side of workplace management, including worker satisfaction and the psychology behind work processes.

Question 7

Frank Gilbreth's work led to as much as a __________ percent increase in the overall productivity of bricklayers.

Accepted Answer

Frank Gilbreth's work in motion study and his innovations in the field of industrial engineering led to as much as a 200 percent increase in the overall productivity of bricklayers. He achieved this by analyzing their work processes and reducing the number of motions required to lay bricks.

Question 8

_________ focused on "control" systems for production scheduling.

Accepted Answer

Henry Gantt is known for developing the Gantt chart, a type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule and is widely used in project management for planning and scheduling tasks. This tool is directly related to the concept of "control" systems for production scheduling.

Question 9

Henry Gantt created a popular tool which identifies various stages of work that must be carried out to complete a project, sets a deadline for each stage, and documents accomplishments. It is known as the __________.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is C) Gantt chart. Henry Gantt created the Gantt chart, a graphical tool used in project management to represent the timing of tasks required to complete a project. It helps in planning, scheduling, and monitoring project progress.

Question 10

All of the following except __________ are areas in which scientific management fails to meet workers' needs.

Accepted Answer

Scientific management, developed by Frederick Taylor, focuses on efficiency and productivity, often at the expense of workers' satisfaction and independence. However, it does recognize the desire for money as a motivator, thus meeting workers' needs in that area.

Question 11

Scientific management disciplines believed that management principles should be based on ______________.

Accepted Answer

Scientific management, pioneered by Frederick Taylor, emphasizes that management decisions should be based on precise procedures developed through careful observation, experimentation, and analysis, rather than on intuition or tradition. This approach advocates for the use of systematic study and analysis of work tasks to increase efficiency.

Question 12

The system that focuses on the manager and basic managerial functions is referred to as a ________________ management

Accepted Answer

Administrative management focuses on the manager and basic managerial functions, emphasizing the importance of leadership, planning, and organizational structure.

Question 13

David Bell was studying the various aspects of the evolution of management. He discovered that the person most closely associated with administrative management was ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Henri Fayol is most closely associated with administrative management, as he developed a general theory of business administration and outlined principles of management.

Question 14

Henri Fayol was the first person to group a manager's functions by planning and _______.

Accepted Answer

Henri Fayol identified five functions of management, which include planning, organizing, commanding (or leading), coordinating, and controlling. Therefore, all the options listed (organizing, leading, and controlling) are part of the functions grouped by Fayol.

Question 15

Jim Costanzo is a new manager with Dell Computers. He believes that each employee in his division must receive instructions about a particular operation from only one person in order to avoid conflicting instructions and any confusion. According to Fayol, the _________ principle is being emphasized.

Accepted Answer

The principle being emphasized is "unity of command," which suggests that each employee should receive orders from only one superior to avoid confusion and conflicting instructions. This principle is one of Henri Fayol's 14 principles of management.

Question 16

__________ was the first person to group managers' duties into basic functions of planning, organizing, and leading.

Accepted Answer

Henri Fayol was the first to classify the activities of a manager into the functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, which are still used in management theory today.

Question 17

Erin Hyslop is working for a large manufacturing company. As a middle manager, she has been trained that employees should only report to one manager. This policy supports Fayol's ___________ principle.

Accepted Answer

The policy that employees should only report to one manager aligns with Fayol's "unity of command" principle, which states that each employee should receive orders from only one superior to avoid confusion and conflict.

Question 18

Lisa Schulte believes that managers have the right to give orders in an effort to get things done. Schulte believes in Fayol's __________ principle.

Accepted Answer

The principle that Lisa Schulte believes in is Fayol's "authority" principle, which states that managers must have the right to give orders to get things done.

Question 19

Denise Millen is a manager with Marriott International, one of the most successful hotel operators. She strongly believes managers have the right to give orders to get things done. This philosophy supports the _______ principle adopted by Henri Fayol.

Accepted Answer

Denise Millen's belief that managers have the right to give orders aligns with Henri Fayol's principle of "authority," which emphasizes the right of managers to give orders and the power to exact obedience.

Question 20

Traditional management does not recognize workers' need for ___________.

Accepted Answer

Traditional management often focuses on efficiency and productivity, sometimes overlooking the importance of social relationships among workers.

Quiz 2: Learning From the History of Management Thought