Question 1

A standard atmosphere has a pressure versus altitude relation approximated by ? = P_o_e-?h_, With ? = 0.116 km^-1. An aircraft flies at 30,000 ft but maintains a cabin pressure of that at 8000 ft. What force is exerted by air pressure on a square meter of cabin wall area? A) 4.1 × 10⁴ N B) 124 N C) 3.5 × 10⁴ N D) 7.6 × 10⁴ N

Accepted Answer

The pressure at 8000 ft is used to calculate the force on the cabin wall. The pressure at 8000 ft is approximately 75 kPa, which results in a force of 4.1 × 10^4 N on a square meter of cabin wall area.

Question 2

How much would a lead brick 2.0 in × 2.0 in × 8.0 in weigh if placed in oil with density ? = 0.92 g/cm³? (?_Pb = 11.4 g/cm³) A) 5.5 kg B) 0.34 kg C) 6 kg D) 0.48 kg

Accepted Answer

The volume of the lead brick is 2.0 in × 2.0 in × 8.0 in = 32 in³. Converting to cm³ (1 in = 2.54 cm), the volume is 524.8 cm³. The weight is volume × density = 524.8 cm³ × 11.4 g/cm³ = 5972.32 g = 5.972 kg, approximately 5.5 kg.

Question 3

How many grams of ethanol (specific gravity 0.80) should be added to 5 grams of chloroform (specific gravity 1.50) if the resulting mixture is to have a specific gravity of 1.20?
A) 2.0 g
B) 2.4 g
C) 1.8 g
D) 4.4 g
E) 1.6 g

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because the specific gravity of a mixture is the weighted average of the specific gravities of the components. In this case, the specific gravity of the mixture is 1.20, the specific gravity of chloroform is 1.50, and the specific gravity of ethanol is 0.80. Let x be the mass of ethanol in grams. Then, the mass of chloroform in grams is 5 - x. The specific gravity of the mixture is given by:(1.20) = [(1.50)(5 - x) + (0.80)x] / (5 - x + x)(1.20) = [(1.50)(5 - x) + (0.80)x] / 5(6.00) = (7.50 - 1.50x + 0.80x)(6.00) = (7.50 - 0.70x)(0.70x) = (1.50)x = (1.50) / (0.70)x = 2.14 gTherefore, the mass of ethanol that should be added to 5 grams of chloroform is 2.14 grams.

Question 4

Both the pressure and volume of a given sample of an ideal gas double. This means that its temperature in Kelvins must
A) double.
B) quadruple.
C) reduce to one-half its original value.
D) reduce to one-fourth its original value.
E) remain unchanged.

Accepted Answer

According to the ideal gas law (PV = nRT), if both pressure (P) and volume (V) double, then the temperature (T) must also quadruple to maintain the equality, assuming the amount of gas (n) and the gas constant (R) remain unchanged.

Question 5

In the equation PV = NkT, the k is known as
A) Avogadro's number.
B) Boltzmann's constant.
C) Planck's constant.
D) the spring (compressibility) constant.
E) compressibility.

Accepted Answer

In the ideal gas law equation PV = NkT, k is Boltzmann's constant, which relates the average kinetic energy of particles in a gas with the temperature of the gas.

Question 6

Diffusion is described by
A) Boyle's law.
B) Kepler's law.
C) Charles' law.
D) Graham's law.
E) Archimedes' law.

Accepted Answer

Graham's law describes the rate of diffusion of gases, stating that the rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass of the gas.

Question 7

An ideal gas at STP is first compressed until its volume is half the initial volume, and then it is allowed to expand until its pressure is half the initial pressure. All of this is done while holding the temperature constant. If the initial internal energy of the gas is U, the final internal energy of the gas will be
A) U.
B) 2U.
C) U/2.
D) U/3.
E) U/4.

Accepted Answer

The internal energy of an ideal gas is a function of temperature only. Since the temperature is held constant, the internal energy remains the same.

Question 8

Transverse waves propagate at 43.2 m/s in a string that is subjected to a tension of 60.5 N. If the string is 15.9 m long, what is its mass?
A) 0.515 kg
B) 0.216 kg
C) 0.366 kg
D) 0.597 kg

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A.The mass of the string can be calculated using the formula:mass = (tension * length) / (velocity^2)Substituting the given values into the formula, we get:mass = (60.5 N * 15.9 m) / (43.2 m/s)^2 = 0.515 kg

Question 9

Find the displacement of a simple harmonic wave of amplitude 6.44 m at t = 0.71 s. Assume that the wave number is 2.34 m^-1, the angular frequency is 2.88 rad/s, and that the wave is propagating in the +x direction at x = 1.21 m. A) 4.55 m B) 1.05 m C) 3.54 m D) 2.25 m

Accepted Answer

The displacement of a simple harmonic wave is given by the equation: y(x, t) = A * cos(kx - ωt). Substituting the given values: A = 6.44 m, k = 2.34 m^-1, ω = 2.88 rad/s, x = 1.21 m, and t = 0.71 s, we find y(1.21, 0.71) = 6.44 * cos(2.34 * 1.21 - 2.88 * 0.71) ≈ 4.55 m.

Question 10

A 500.0 cm rope under a tension of 70.0 N is set into oscillation. The mass density of the rope is 120.0 g/cm. What is the frequency of the first harmonic mode (m = 2)?
A) 0.48 Hz
B) 2.92 Hz
C) 0.0048 Hz
D) 0.153 Hz

Accepted Answer

The frequency of the first harmonic mode is given by:$$f_1 = \frac{1}{2L}\sqrt{\frac{T}{\mu}}$$where:* f_1 is the frequency of the first harmonic mode* L is the length of the rope* T is the tension in the rope* $\mu$ is the mass density of the ropeSubstituting the given values into the equation, we get:$$f_1 = \frac{1}{2(500.0 cm)}\sqrt{\frac{70.0 N}{120.0 g/cm}} = 0.48 Hz$$Therefore, the frequency of the first harmonic mode is 0.48 Hz, which corresponds to choice A.

Question 11

Which of the following is a false statement?
A) Sound waves are longitudinal pressure waves.
B) Sound can travel through vacuum.
C) The transverse waves on a vibrating string are different from sound waves.
D) Light travels very much faster than sound.
E) "Pitch" (in music) and frequency have approximately the same meaning.

Accepted Answer

Sound cannot travel through vacuum because it is a mechanical wave that requires a medium to propagate.

Question 12

If you were to inhale a few breaths from a helium gas balloon, you would probably experience an amusing change in your voice. You would sound like Donald Duck or Alvin the Chipmunk. What is the cause of this curious high-pitched effect?
A) The helium causes your vocal cords to tighten and vibrate at a higher frequency.
B) For a given frequency of vibration of your vocal cords, the wavelength of sound is less in helium than it is in air.
C) Your voice box is resonating at the second harmonic, rather than at the fundamental frequency.
D) Low frequencies are absorbed in helium gas, leaving the high frequency components, which result in the high, squeaky sound.
E) Sound travels faster in helium than in air at a given temperature.

Accepted Answer

Sound travels faster in helium than in air because helium is less dense. This increased speed of sound in helium changes the resonant frequencies of the vocal tract, resulting in a higher-pitched voice.

Question 13

A brass rod is 69.5 cm long and an aluminum rod is 49.3 cm long when both rods are at an initial temperature of 0ºC. The rods are placed in line with a gap of 1.2 cm between them. The distance between the far ends of the rods is maintained at 120.0 cm throughout. The temperature is raised until the two rods are barely in contact. The coefficients of linear expansion of brass and aluminum are 2.0 × 10^-5 K^-1 and 2.4 × 10^-5 K^-1, respectively. In the figure, the temperature at which contact of the rods barely occurs, in °C, is closest to: A) 466 B) 443 C) 420 D) 490 E) 513

Accepted Answer

The answer of  A brass rod is 69.5 cm...

Question 14

What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas at 842 K? (The value of Boltzmann's constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.) A) 1.74 × 10^-20 J B) 5.81 × 10^-21 J C) 1.18 × 10^-17 J D) 3.93 × 10^-19 J

Accepted Answer

The average kinetic energy of an ideal gas is given by (3/2)kT. Substituting k = 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K and T = 842 K, the calculation yields approximately 1.74 × 10^-20 J.

Question 15

What is the total translational kinetic energy in a classroom filled with nitrogen at 1.01 × 10⁵ Pa and 20.7ºC? The dimensions of the classroom are 4.60 m × 5.20 m × 8.80 m.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the total translational kinetic energy...

Quiz 3: Solids, Fluids, Waves, Sound, Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and Ideal Gases

A standard atmosphere has a pressure versus altitude relation approximated by ? = P_o_e-?h_, With ? = 0.116 km^-1. An aircraft flies at 30,000 ft but maintains a cabin pressure of that at 8000 ft. What force is exerted by air pressure on a square meter of cabin wall area?

How much would a lead brick 2.0 in × 2.0 in × 8.0 in weigh if placed in oil with density ? = 0.92 g/cm³? (?_Pb = 11.4 g/cm³)

How many grams of ethanol (specific gravity 0.80) should be added to 5 grams of chloroform (specific gravity 1.50) if the resulting mixture is to have a specific gravity of 1.20?

Both the pressure and volume of a given sample of an ideal gas double. This means that its temperature in Kelvins must

In the equation PV = NkT, the k is known as

Diffusion is described by

Transverse waves propagate at 43.2 m/s in a string that is subjected to a tension of 60.5 N. If the string is 15.9 m long, what is its mass?

Find the displacement of a simple harmonic wave of amplitude 6.44 m at t = 0.71 s. Assume that the wave number is 2.34 m^-1, the angular frequency is 2.88 rad/s, and that the wave is propagating in the +x direction at x = 1.21 m.

A 500.0 cm rope under a tension of 70.0 N is set into oscillation. The mass density of the rope is 120.0 g/cm. What is the frequency of the first harmonic mode (m = 2) ?

Which of the following is a false statement?

If you were to inhale a few breaths from a helium gas balloon, you would probably experience an amusing change in your voice. You would sound like Donald Duck or Alvin the Chipmunk. What is the cause of this curious high-pitched effect?

What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas at 842 K? (The value of Boltzmann's constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.)

What is the total translational kinetic energy in a classroom filled with nitrogen at 1.01 × 10⁵ Pa and 20.7ºC? The dimensions of the classroom are 4.60 m × 5.20 m × 8.80 m.

Quiz 3: Solids, Fluids, Waves, Sound, Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and Ideal Gases

A standard atmosphere has a pressure versus altitude relation approximated by ? = Poe-?h, With ? = 0.116 km-1. An aircraft flies at 30,000 ft but maintains a cabin pressure of that at 8000 ft. What force is exerted by air pressure on a square meter of cabin wall area?

How much would a lead brick 2.0 in × 2.0 in × 8.0 in weigh if placed in oil with density ? = 0.92 g/cm3? (?Pb = 11.4 g/cm3)

How many grams of ethanol (specific gravity 0.80) should be added to 5 grams of chloroform (specific gravity 1.50) if the resulting mixture is to have a specific gravity of 1.20?

Both the pressure and volume of a given sample of an ideal gas double. This means that its temperature in Kelvins must

In the equation PV = NkT, the k is known as

Diffusion is described by

Transverse waves propagate at 43.2 m/s in a string that is subjected to a tension of 60.5 N. If the string is 15.9 m long, what is its mass?

Find the displacement of a simple harmonic wave of amplitude 6.44 m at t = 0.71 s. Assume that the wave number is 2.34 m-1, the angular frequency is 2.88 rad/s, and that the wave is propagating in the +x direction at x = 1.21 m.

A 500.0 cm rope under a tension of 70.0 N is set into oscillation. The mass density of the rope is 120.0 g/cm. What is the frequency of the first harmonic mode (m = 2) ?

Which of the following is a false statement?

If you were to inhale a few breaths from a helium gas balloon, you would probably experience an amusing change in your voice. You would sound like Donald Duck or Alvin the Chipmunk. What is the cause of this curious high-pitched effect?

What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas at 842 K? (The value of Boltzmann's constant is 1.38 × 10-23 J/K.)

What is the total translational kinetic energy in a classroom filled with nitrogen at 1.01 × 105 Pa and 20.7ºC? The dimensions of the classroom are 4.60 m × 5.20 m × 8.80 m.

A standard atmosphere has a pressure versus altitude relation approximated by ? = P_o_e-?h_, With ? = 0.116 km^-1. An aircraft flies at 30,000 ft but maintains a cabin pressure of that at 8000 ft. What force is exerted by air pressure on a square meter of cabin wall area?

How much would a lead brick 2.0 in × 2.0 in × 8.0 in weigh if placed in oil with density ? = 0.92 g/cm³? (?_Pb = 11.4 g/cm³)

Find the displacement of a simple harmonic wave of amplitude 6.44 m at t = 0.71 s. Assume that the wave number is 2.34 m^-1, the angular frequency is 2.88 rad/s, and that the wave is propagating in the +x direction at x = 1.21 m.

What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas at 842 K? (The value of Boltzmann's constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K.)

What is the total translational kinetic energy in a classroom filled with nitrogen at 1.01 × 10⁵ Pa and 20.7ºC? The dimensions of the classroom are 4.60 m × 5.20 m × 8.80 m.