Question 1

Obesity is a controllable risk factor for heart disease.

Accepted Answer

Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for heart disease because individuals can take steps to manage their weight through diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes, thereby reducing their risk.

Question 2

Modest weight loss can have a significant impact on one's health.

Accepted Answer

Even a modest weight loss of 5 to 10 percent of total body weight can lead to significant health improvements, including lower blood pressure, reduced risk of diabetes, and improved cholesterol levels.

Question 3

John and Jim have the same height and weight. John appears obese but runs regularly, while Jim appears slim and leads a sedentary life. An examining physician determined that John is leading a healthy life.

Accepted Answer

Despite appearances, health is determined by a variety of factors including diet, exercise, and metabolic health, not just weight or body shape. John's regular exercise routine contributes significantly to his overall health, outweighing the simplistic measure of appearance.

Question 4

Research indicates that all children of obese parents become obese.

Accepted Answer

Genetics play a role in obesity, but they do not determine with certainty that all children of obese parents will become obese. Environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and individual behaviors also significantly influence the development of obesity.

Question 5

Dieting can affect metabolic rate.

Accepted Answer

Dieting, especially when it involves significant calorie restriction, can lead to a decrease in metabolic rate as the body adapts to conserve energy.

Question 6

Eating a 500-calorie dessert followed by exercise that burns 500 calories is an example of creating a positive energy balance.

Accepted Answer

Creating a positive energy balance means consuming more calories than you burn, but in this scenario, the calories consumed and burned are equal, resulting in a neutral energy balance.

Question 7

Body fat distribution can change during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, women can experience changes in body fat distribution to support the growing fetus, including increased fat storage in areas like the abdomen, hips, and thighs.

Question 8

Resting metabolic rate is higher after exercise than before exercise.

Accepted Answer

After exercise, the body's resting metabolic rate increases due to the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) effect, where the body consumes more oxygen and burns more calories to recover and return to its pre-exercise state.

Question 9

Generally, the lower a woman's income, the higher that woman's level of body fat.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown a correlation between lower income and higher levels of body fat in women, often attributed to factors such as limited access to healthy foods, lack of time or resources for physical activity, and higher levels of stress.

Question 10

Many people have learned to use food as a means of coping with stress and negative emotions.

Accepted Answer

Using food as a coping mechanism for stress and negative emotions is a common behavior, often referred to as emotional eating. This can be due to the temporary comfort or distraction it provides from unpleasant feelings.

Question 11

One needs to adopt healthy lifestyle behaviours which include eating healthy, regular physical activity, and making appropriate lifestyle choices to ensure permanent weight loss.

Accepted Answer

Adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors such as eating a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and making appropriate lifestyle choices are essential for achieving and maintaining permanent weight loss. These habits help in creating a sustainable calorie deficit, improving metabolism, and promoting overall well-being, which are crucial for long-term weight management.

Question 12

Research indicates that all the problems associated with being overweight arise from poor lifestyle choices.

Accepted Answer

While lifestyle choices such as diet and physical activity can influence weight, research shows that genetics, environment, socioeconomic status, and other factors also play significant roles in obesity and its associated health problems.

Question 13

Food with a high energy density has a small number of calories per gram of weight.

Accepted Answer

Food with a high energy density has a large number of calories per gram of weight, meaning it provides more calories relative to its weight.

Question 14

Individuals feel fuller after eating 20 baby carrots than 4 twists of pretzels, even though they both contain the same 100 calories.

Accepted Answer

This is because baby carrots have a higher fiber content and water volume, which increases satiety compared to the lower fiber, more calorie-dense pretzels.

Question 15

Dieting increases resting metabolic rate.

Accepted Answer

Dieting, especially when it involves significant calorie restriction, typically leads to a decrease in resting metabolic rate as the body adapts to conserve energy.

Question 16

During exercise, a slightly higher proportion of energy comes from fat during low-intensity exercise compared with high-intensity exercise.

Accepted Answer

During low-intensity exercise, the body tends to use a higher proportion of fat as a source of energy compared to high-intensity exercise, where carbohydrates are more predominantly used for quick energy.

Question 17

If one simply walked around during TV commercials while watching 2 hours of prime-time programming, they would accumulate more than 30 minutes of physical activity for the day.

Accepted Answer

Most prime-time television programming includes about 14-15 minutes of commercials per hour. Therefore, walking during commercials for 2 hours of programming would accumulate approximately 28-30 minutes of physical activity, meeting the criteria.

Question 18

Resistance training is slow and builds muscle mass, hence does not have an impact on resting metabolic rate.

Accepted Answer

Resistance training increases muscle mass, which in turn raises the resting metabolic rate because muscle tissue burns more calories at rest than fat tissue.

Question 19

Endurance training increase the rate at which your body uses calories after your exercise session is over.

Accepted Answer

Endurance training can increase the rate of post-exercise oxygen consumption, which enhances calorie burning even after the exercise session has ended. This is often referred to as the "afterburn" effect.

Question 20

People with low self-esteem mentally compare the actual self to an internally held picture of the "ideal self, "
an image based on perfectionistic goals and beliefs about how they and others should be.

Accepted Answer

This comparison between the actual self and the ideal self is a common psychological process, especially in individuals with low self-esteem. They often hold unrealistic, perfectionistic standards for themselves, which can exacerbate feelings of inadequacy when they perceive a gap between who they are and who they believe they should be.

Quiz 8: Weight Management