Question 1

According to research, preschool children's attention is positively related to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Researchers have found that preschool children's attention is related to their achievement-related and social skills.

Question 2

All of the following questions reflect a cognitive information-processing approach, except which one?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive information-processing approach can be used to address questions of memory, learning, and problem solving.

Question 3

Metacognitive strategies are best described as methods to encourage students to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Metacognition refers to knowing about knowing, or being aware of one's own thoughts, feelings, etc.

Question 4

Behaviorism and its associative model of learning was a dominant force in psychology until many psychologists acknowledged that they could not explain children's learning without referring to mental processes such as memory and thinking. This shift in perspective occurred during which of the following decades?

Accepted Answer

The shift in thinking occurred during the 1950s and 1960s.

Question 5

The term "cognitive psychology" became a label for approaches that sought to explain behavior by examining which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology refers to the study of mental processes, not the study of observable behaviors.

Question 6

The difficulty that students have in dividing their attention when they do two things at once can be attributed primarily to limits in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Processing capacity is what limits students' ability to divide their attention and do two things at once, such as solving a geometry problem and listening to the radio.

Question 7

Development of which of the following technologies was most important in stimulating the growth of cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Development of computers stimulated the growth of cognitive psychology: the physical brain is described as the hardware and cognition is its software.

Question 8

An educational psychologist who studies how children process information through attention, memory, thinking, and other cognitive processes can best be described as following which of these cognitive approaches?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive information-processing approach focuses on how information is processed.

Question 9

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates automaticity?

Accepted Answer

Automaticity refers to using a skill automatically-as is best illustrated by a child writing a note. The child already knows how to form the letters and write words, and is using these skills "automatically" as he writes the note.

Question 10

An example of a strategy intended to encourage metacognition is encouraging students to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A student engages in metacognition when comparing his or her view to that of somebody else.

Question 11

What is not an advantage of knowing some skills to a level of automaticity?

Accepted Answer

Automaticity refers to using a skill automatically-as is best illustrated by a child writing a note. The child already knows how to form the letters and write words, and is using these skills "automatically" as he writes the note.

Question 12

Discuss the ways that a child's information-processing speed and capacity changes during childhood and adolescence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the ways that a child's information-processing...

Question 13

Analyze the cognitive information-processing approach in relation to learning and cognition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Analyze the cognitive information-processing approach in relation...

Question 14

Examine strategies for focusing and maximizing student attention in the classroom.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Examine strategies for focusing and maximizing student...

Question 15

Identify three strategies that will help students encode information.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify three strategies that will help students...

Question 16

Identify three time-frames of memory and the amount of time that information can be held in each of these types of memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify three time-frames of memory and the...

Question 17

What is memorization and what three processes need to take place for successful memorization of information?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is memorization and what three processes...

Question 18

Differentiate between a schema and a rehearsed script.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between a schema and a rehearsed...

Question 19

Analyze the effect of the serial position effect on memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Analyze the effect of the serial position...

Question 20

Differentiate between the decay theory and the interference theory of forgetting.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between the decay theory and the...

Quiz 8: The Information-Processing Approach