Question 1

The "R" in Hays' (2016) ADDRESSING model refers to which of the following:

Accepted Answer

The "R" in Hays' ADDRESSING model stands for Religion (and/or spirituality).

Question 2

Which of the following terms describes any group of people who identify with one another on the basis of a common purpose, need, or similarity of background?

Accepted Answer

Culture describes a group of people who identify with one another based on a common purpose, need, or similarity of background, encompassing shared beliefs, practices, and values.

Question 3

As defined by Olatunji (2001), which of the following accurately describes multicultural counseling?

Accepted Answer

Multicultural counseling, as defined by Olatunji (2001), emphasizes the inclusion of multiple cultural perspectives within the counseling relationship, ensuring that no single perspective is dominant or considered more "normal" than others. This approach fosters an environment of equality and respect for diverse cultural backgrounds.

Question 4

As defined by CACREP, _______________ takes into account differences in areas such as language, social class, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, and level of ability

Accepted Answer

Multiculturalism is defined by CACREP as taking into account differences in areas such as language, social class, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, and level of ability.

Question 5

Which counseling perspective emphasizes the universal qualities of counseling that are culturally generalizable?

Accepted Answer

The etic approach emphasizes the universal qualities of counseling that are culturally generalizable, focusing on commonalities across cultures.

Question 6

Which counseling perspective focuses on the indigenous characteristics of each cultural group that influence the counseling process and consequently emphasize culturally specific counseling approaches?

Accepted Answer

The emic approach focuses on understanding the unique cultural characteristics and perspectives of each group, emphasizing culturally specific counseling methods.

Question 7

__________________ refers to the way people perceive their relationship to the world, including nature, other people, objects, and religious experiences.

Accepted Answer

Worldview refers to the fundamental cognitive orientation of an individual or society encompassing the entirety of the individual's or society's knowledge and point of view, including their relationship to the world, nature, other people, objects, and religious experiences.

Question 8

________________, according to Allport (1954) is a negative bias toward a particular group of people.

Accepted Answer

Allport (1954) defined prejudice as a negative bias toward a particular group of people, encompassing attitudes, feelings, and behaviors directed against members of a group.

Question 9

_______________ occurs when one cultural group considers another group inferior, and the first group has the power to impose its standards on the other group.

Accepted Answer

Cultural racism occurs when one cultural group views another as inferior and has the power to enforce its standards and beliefs onto the other group, often leading to systemic inequalities and discrimination.

Question 10

The established use of policies, laws, customs, and norms to perpetuate discrimination and prejudice is called

Accepted Answer

Institutionalized racism refers to the systems and structures in society that have been established over time to perpetuate discrimination and prejudice based on race. This includes policies, laws, customs, and norms that systematically disadvantage certain racial groups.

Question 11

The retention of one's culture of identity is called

Accepted Answer

Enculturation is the process by which individuals learn and retain their own culture of identity.

Question 12

Which of the following terms refers to individuals who are beginning to explore their sexual understanding and orientation?

Accepted Answer

Questioning is the term used to describe individuals who are exploring their sexual orientation, understanding, and identity. It indicates a process of exploration and discovery about one's sexual attractions and interests.

Question 13

_____________ includes both the affectional and sexual dimensions of self that are evidenced by thoughts, feeling, and behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Sexual identity encompasses both the affectional and sexual dimensions of self, including thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Question 14

Which of the following refers to an antigay bias, or a fear of individuals who are perceived as lesbian, gay, or bisexual?

Accepted Answer

Homophobia refers to an antigay bias or a fear of individuals who are perceived as lesbian, gay, or bisexual.

Question 15

In which court case did a federal appeals court uphold the job termination of a counselor who asked to be excused from counseling a lesbian client on relationship issues because of the client's sexual orientation conflicted with the counselor's religious beliefs?

Accepted Answer

In Bruff v. North Mississippi Health Services, Inc., a federal appeals court upheld the termination of a counselor who refused to counsel a lesbian client due to a conflict with her religious beliefs.

Question 16

Which of the following refers to the primary importance of family in Latino communities?

Accepted Answer

Familism refers to the value placed on family relationships, loyalty, and solidarity, which is a central aspect of Latino cultures. It emphasizes the importance of family ties and the collective well-being of the family over individual interests.

Question 17

All of the following are accurate regarding the coming out process except

Accepted Answer

The coming out process is not a one-time event but rather an ongoing process that can be influenced by various factors in an individual's life. Choices A, B, D, and E describe aspects of the coming out process that are widely recognized and supported by research in psychology and sociology.

Question 18

_____________________ is the practice of attempting to change a client's sexual orientation from lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, or questioning to that of a heterosexual.

Accepted Answer

Reparative therapy, also known as conversion therapy, is the controversial practice aimed at changing a person's sexual orientation from homosexual or bisexual to heterosexual.

Question 19

Which of the following refers to people whose gender identity and expression conflicts with their biological manifestation of sex?

Accepted Answer

Transgender individuals have a gender identity or gender expression that differs from their sex assigned at birth. This term specifically refers to the incongruence between one's experienced or expressed gender and one's biological sex, whereas terms like gay and bisexual refer to sexual orientation, not gender identity.

Question 20

_________________ is a term in the DSM-5 used to describe individuals who experience incongruence between their expressed/experienced gender and their assigned gender.

Accepted Answer

Gender Dysphoria is the correct term used in the DSM-5 to describe the experience of distress or discomfort that may occur when a person's gender identity does not align with their sex assigned at birth.

Quiz 3: Clinical Mental Health Counseling in a Diverse Society