At the preconventional level of personal moral development, individuals are concerned with external rewards and punishments and obey authority to avoid detrimental personal consequences.

Question

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At the preconventional level, individuals are focused on self-interest and avoiding punishment, rather than developing an internal ethical code. They follow rules to avoid negative consequences rather than because they believe the rules are inherently right or just.

At the Preconventional Level of Personal Moral Development, Individuals Are