A manufacturer owns and operates its own retail outlets (e.g., Imperial Oil owns Esso retailers). This is an example of
A) a retail cooperative.
B) horizontal integration.
C) a contractual vertical marketing system.
D) a corporate vertical marketing system.
E) voluntary chain operation.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A corporate vertical marketing system is when a single company owns multiple levels of its supply chain, such as manufacturing and retailing.

A Manufacturer Owns and Operates Its Own Retail Outlets (E