Question 1

What is not one of the five major state responses aimed at controlling racism in Canadian society?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

The state has many functions and responsibilities. One of its main roles is to ______.

Accepted Answer

One of the main roles of the state is to proscribe behavior, which means to establish laws and regulations that dictate what is permissible and what is not, maintaining order and protecting citizens.

Question 3

What is the main principle behind the enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Act?

Accepted Answer

The main principle behind the enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Act is to ensure the nation's safety and security by providing law enforcement and intelligence agencies with the necessary tools to prevent and respond to terrorist activities.

Question 4

Canada has signed a number of international conventions addressing human rights issues. However, this merely gives the impression that Canada (at the federal level) is committed to the development of an equitable society based on fairness and non-discrimination because

Accepted Answer

International conventions signed by Canada at the federal level do not automatically bind the provinces, which can lead to discrepancies in implementation across different regions.

Question 5

What was the first international covenant protecting human rights to be ratified by Canada?

Accepted Answer

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948, was the first international document to set out fundamental human rights to be universally protected. Canada was a member of the UN and supported the declaration.

Question 6

Many scholars in democratic liberal countries, including Canada, have pointed to the state and state apparatuses as

Accepted Answer

Many scholars argue that state and state apparatuses play a crucial role in constructing, maintaining, and preserving systemic racism through policies, laws, and institutional practices.

Question 7

As a result of changes in the leadership of the government of Canada in July 1993, multiculturalism was subsumed into what federal ministry?

Accepted Answer

In July 1993, multiculturalism in Canada was subsumed into the Heritage Canada Ministry, which was responsible for cultural affairs, including multiculturalism.

Question 8

In what year did Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau officially make multiculturalism a state policy?

Accepted Answer

In 1971, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau announced multiculturalism as an official policy in Canada, recognizing the cultural diversity of the nation.

Question 9

The Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism in 1971 stated that Canada was both culturally and ethnically a _____ society, in that it contained Canadians of British and French origin, Aboriginal peoples, and 'others".

Accepted Answer

The Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism described Canada as a "plural" society, recognizing the coexistence of multiple cultural and ethnic groups, including British, French, Aboriginal peoples, and others.

Question 10

It can be argued that the Multiculturalism Act focuses on limiting diversity to ______ rather than political or transformative kinds of change.

Accepted Answer

The Multiculturalism Act is often critiqued for focusing on symbolic aspects of diversity, such as celebrating cultural festivals, rather than addressing deeper political or transformative changes.

Question 11

One of the major weaknesses in multiculturalism policies is

Accepted Answer

Multiculturalism policies often face criticism for not adequately addressing systemic racism, which involves ingrained and institutionalized discrimination that cannot be resolved solely through cultural recognition or celebration.

Question 12

In 1960, the Canadian Bill of Rights was introduced by Prime Minister John G. Diefenbaker. Although it prohibited racial discrimination, it did not have

Accepted Answer

The Canadian Bill of Rights did not have constitutional status, meaning it was a federal statute rather than a part of the Canadian Constitution, limiting its effectiveness and enforceability.

Question 13

What was the first piece of federal legislation introduced by a Canadian Prime Minister prohibiting racial discrimination?

Accepted Answer

The Canadian Bill of Rights, introduced by Prime Minister John Diefenbaker in 1960, was the first federal legislation in Canada to address and prohibit racial discrimination.

Question 14

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms does not define discrimination, racism, or race. Those interpretations have been left up to

Accepted Answer

Judges interpret the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, including issues related to discrimination, racism, or race, through court decisions and legal precedents.

Question 15

When a charge of racial discrimination has been levied against an institution, what needs to be initially defined for the case to be heard in the courts?

Accepted Answer

A 'cause of action' is the legal reason for which a plaintiff files a lawsuit, and it must be established for the case to proceed in court.

Question 16

Many critics have argued that the Anti-Terrorism Act is yet another form of ______.

Accepted Answer

The Anti-Terrorism Act has been criticized for enabling racial profiling, where individuals are targeted based on race or ethnicity rather than any specific suspicion of wrongdoing.

Question 17

Which of the following groups could theoretically be prosecuted under Canada's Anti-Terrorism Act because of the broad definition of terrorism that is used?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following groups could theoretically...

Question 18

There are a number of myths associated with employment equity legislation in Canada that reflect the discourses of democratic racism, including:

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are a number of myths associated...

Question 19

"Employment equity gives an unfair advantage to people of colour." This myth commonly associated with employment equity legislation in Canada invokes which discourse of democratic racism?

Accepted Answer

The myth that employment equity gives an unfair advantage to people of colour aligns with the discourse of reverse racism, which suggests that efforts to address racial inequalities unfairly disadvantage white people.

Question 20

Equality in employment means that

Accepted Answer

Equality in employment means that opportunities should be based on inherent ability and qualifications, without discrimination based on irrelevant factors.

Quiz 12: State Responses to Racism in Canada